{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308641579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3540250.3549090","title":"Demystifying the underground ecosystem of account registration bots","display_name":"Demystifying the underground ecosystem of account registration bots","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308641579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3540250.3549090"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3540250.3549090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3540250.3549090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608883","display_name":"Proceedings of the 30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053850848","display_name":"Yuhao Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9524-7038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["AU","CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuhao Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology Sydney, Australia / Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology Sydney, Australia / Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102002679","display_name":"Guoai Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9582-0698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoai Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Institute of Technology, China / Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology, China / Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100360971","display_name":"Li Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5512-6629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400376","display_name":"Xiapu Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiapu Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385875","display_name":"Chenyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6527-2897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053058502","display_name":"Yulei Sui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9510-6574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulei Sui","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053850848"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466","https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4552,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84976798,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"897","last_page":"909"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem","display_name":"Ecosystem","score":0.6588014960289001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5965109467506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.12044030427932739}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.6588014960289001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5965109467506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.12044030427932739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3540250.3549090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3540250.3549090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608883","display_name":"Proceedings of the 30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7255070947","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8831000581","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1233141674","https://openalex.org/W1573258035","https://openalex.org/W1922851884","https://openalex.org/W1965586806","https://openalex.org/W1971657180","https://openalex.org/W1986678144","https://openalex.org/W1987153840","https://openalex.org/W1993821077","https://openalex.org/W1996802155","https://openalex.org/W2015824828","https://openalex.org/W2016707451","https://openalex.org/W2017270267","https://openalex.org/W2045775870","https://openalex.org/W2075529230","https://openalex.org/W2088301450","https://openalex.org/W2090212887","https://openalex.org/W2099256741","https://openalex.org/W2105523261","https://openalex.org/W2107612984","https://openalex.org/W2113321599","https://openalex.org/W2125490153","https://openalex.org/W2127503167","https://openalex.org/W2142772221","https://openalex.org/W2150941206","https://openalex.org/W2155743899","https://openalex.org/W2163898372","https://openalex.org/W2194187530","https://openalex.org/W2293768274","https://openalex.org/W2396651124","https://openalex.org/W2396652156","https://openalex.org/W2595089739","https://openalex.org/W2693668331","https://openalex.org/W2777652944","https://openalex.org/W2886986591","https://openalex.org/W2890419535","https://openalex.org/W2921673038","https://openalex.org/W2962736666","https://openalex.org/W2963517393","https://openalex.org/W2964294337","https://openalex.org/W2968113114","https://openalex.org/W2968906825","https://openalex.org/W2980750320","https://openalex.org/W2986868741","https://openalex.org/W3094898851","https://openalex.org/W3096074535","https://openalex.org/W3161071537","https://openalex.org/W4232900735","https://openalex.org/W4240443285","https://openalex.org/W4285490489","https://openalex.org/W4289038676","https://openalex.org/W4301232013","https://openalex.org/W6640487242","https://openalex.org/W6757378552"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Member":[0],"services":[1,13,81],"are":[2],"a":[3,34,39,86],"core":[4],"part":[5],"of":[6,63],"most":[7],"online":[8,15],"systems.":[9],"For":[10],"example,":[11],"member":[12],"in":[14],"social":[16],"networks":[17],"and":[18,51,66],"video":[19],"platforms":[20],"make":[21],"it":[22],"possible":[23],"to":[24,42,67],"serve":[25],"users":[26],"customized":[27],"content":[28],"or":[29],"track":[30],"their":[31],"footprint":[32],"for":[33],"recommendation.":[35],"However,":[36],"there":[37],"is":[38],"dark":[40],"side":[41],"membership":[43],"that":[44,82],"lurks":[45],"behind":[46],"influencer":[47],"marketing,":[48],"coupon":[49],"harvesting,":[50],"spreading":[52],"fake":[53,64],"news.":[54],"All":[55],"these":[56],"activities":[57],"rely":[58],"heavily":[59],"on":[60],"owning":[61],"masses":[62],"accounts,":[65],"create":[68],"new":[69],"accounts":[70],"efficiently,":[71],"malicious":[72],"registrants":[73],"use":[74],"automated":[75],"registration":[76],"bots":[77],"with":[78],"anti-human":[79],"verification":[80],"can":[83],"easily":[84],"bypass":[85],"website\u2019s":[87],"security":[88],"strategies.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}