{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308222514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3536221.3556592","title":"Review of realistic behavior and appearance generation in embodied conversational agents: A comparison between traditional and modern approaches","display_name":"Review of realistic behavior and appearance generation in embodied conversational agents: A comparison between traditional and modern approaches","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308222514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3536221.3556592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3536221.3556592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3536221.3556592","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110972611","display_name":"Kumar Shubham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181514455","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9eqy10","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kumar Shubham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimodal Perception Lab, International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimodal Perception Lab, International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101655597","display_name":"Anirban Mukherjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-7045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181514455","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9eqy10","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anirban Mukherjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimodal Perception Lab, International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimodal Perception Lab, International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066864733","display_name":"Dinesh Babu Jayagopi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0080-452X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181514455","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9eqy10","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dinesh Babu Jayagopi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimodal Perception Lab, International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimodal Perception Lab, International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110972611"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181514455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.446,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68023102,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":null,"first_page":"191","last_page":"197"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7980518341064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.7813481092453003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-agent","display_name":"Embodied agent","score":0.6952658891677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avatar","display_name":"Avatar","score":0.6621785163879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6266080141067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.5762832760810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dialog-system","display_name":"Dialog system","score":0.5624149441719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5462115406990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.48667651414871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2951453924179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.21533656120300293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7980518341064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.7813481092453003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103683099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5370102","display_name":"Embodied agent","level":3,"score":0.6952658891677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777365542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83090","display_name":"Avatar","level":2,"score":0.6621785163879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6266080141067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.5762832760810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190954187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5270587","display_name":"Dialog system","level":3,"score":0.5624149441719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5462115406990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.48667651414871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2951453924179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.21533656120300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173853756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86915","display_name":"Dialog box","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3536221.3556592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3536221.3556592","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83463411","https://openalex.org/W114912394","https://openalex.org/W815877816","https://openalex.org/W1496828312","https://openalex.org/W1501420047","https://openalex.org/W1563542286","https://openalex.org/W1588667630","https://openalex.org/W1844298566","https://openalex.org/W1875414949","https://openalex.org/W1923034539","https://openalex.org/W1963573037","https://openalex.org/W1975798038","https://openalex.org/W1982830988","https://openalex.org/W2008208299","https://openalex.org/W2009955203","https://openalex.org/W2011685492","https://openalex.org/W2013871799","https://openalex.org/W2023298992","https://openalex.org/W2058570189","https://openalex.org/W2060728967","https://openalex.org/W2098439642","https://openalex.org/W2102381086","https://openalex.org/W2104929442","https://openalex.org/W2109636054","https://openalex.org/W2124052984","https://openalex.org/W2135431835","https://openalex.org/W2141855524","https://openalex.org/W2151698528","https://openalex.org/W2160721571","https://openalex.org/W2218797720","https://openalex.org/W2252093555","https://openalex.org/W2462848097","https://openalex.org/W2567635461","https://openalex.org/W2622408375","https://openalex.org/W2737477199","https://openalex.org/W2763335513","https://openalex.org/W2766709201","https://openalex.org/W2802441648","https://openalex.org/W2806833697","https://openalex.org/W2808069698","https://openalex.org/W2843010082","https://openalex.org/W2884374054","https://openalex.org/W2894748408","https://openalex.org/W2899383251","https://openalex.org/W2902836694","https://openalex.org/W2913756371","https://openalex.org/W2922298118","https://openalex.org/W2962795401","https://openalex.org/W2963009026","https://openalex.org/W2967443589","https://openalex.org/W2981133004","https://openalex.org/W2984529706","https://openalex.org/W2990375436","https://openalex.org/W3002310794","https://openalex.org/W3010512420","https://openalex.org/W3012362498","https://openalex.org/W3081492798","https://openalex.org/W3083173864","https://openalex.org/W3084056225","https://openalex.org/W3090127949","https://openalex.org/W3094509928","https://openalex.org/W3094632886","https://openalex.org/W3099073275","https://openalex.org/W3101631197","https://openalex.org/W3125277150","https://openalex.org/W3125775899","https://openalex.org/W3173674795","https://openalex.org/W3175287216","https://openalex.org/W3180770160","https://openalex.org/W3182714435","https://openalex.org/W3192902592","https://openalex.org/W3201519611","https://openalex.org/W3205306934","https://openalex.org/W3214462743","https://openalex.org/W4253643346","https://openalex.org/W4292416098","https://openalex.org/W4312674262","https://openalex.org/W4312719027","https://openalex.org/W6776022139"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1601503673","https://openalex.org/W1592154258","https://openalex.org/W1596535966","https://openalex.org/W1487956045","https://openalex.org/W2135357356","https://openalex.org/W2185743013","https://openalex.org/W2094268169","https://openalex.org/W2931456277","https://openalex.org/W2119445168","https://openalex.org/W1594469132"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"recent":[1],"technological":[2],"advancements,":[3],"many":[4,49],"firms":[5],"that":[6,167,178],"formerly":[7],"relied":[8],"on":[9],"traditional":[10,181],"face-to-face":[11,62],"conversations":[12,53],"have":[13,54],"switched":[14],"to":[15,26,38,43,92,95,115,134,185],"an":[16],"online":[17,52],"conversation":[18],"mode.":[19],"This":[20],"has":[21,32],"not":[22],"only":[23],"helped":[24],"businesses":[25],"increase":[27],"their":[28,126,163],"revenues,":[29],"but":[30,123],"it":[31],"also":[33],"enabled":[34],"users":[35],"and":[36,102,142,147,182],"customers":[37],"access":[39],"world-class":[40],"services.":[41],"Due":[42],"scalability":[44],"concerns":[45],"with":[46,60,120],"these":[47,158,187],"platforms,":[48],"of":[50,104,125],"the":[51,56,81,100,117,121],"lost":[55],"personal":[57],"touch":[58],"associated":[59,119],"a":[61,86,96,175],"based":[63],"communication.":[64],"An":[65],"embodied":[66,192],"conversational":[67,193],"agent":[68],"(ECA)":[69],"can":[70],"address":[71],"this":[72],"void":[73],"by":[74],"creating":[75,190],"suitable":[76],"behavior":[77,101,146],"as":[78,80,160,162],"well":[79,161],"required":[82],"voice":[83],"output":[84],"via":[85],"realistic-looking":[87],"avatar.":[88],"However,":[89],"in":[90,150,173,189],"order":[91],"scale":[93],"up":[94],"large":[97],"customer":[98],"base,":[99],"appearance":[103,148],"agents":[105],"must":[106],"be":[107,171],"adequately":[108],"modeled.":[109],"Traditionally,":[110],"rule-based":[111],"methods":[112],"were":[113],"used":[114],"generate":[116],"animations":[118],"avatars,":[122],"because":[124],"limitations":[127],"modern":[128,183,191],"approaches":[129],"use":[130],"deep":[131],"learning":[132],"models":[133],"create":[135],"end-to-end":[136],"systems.":[137],"We":[138,153,165],"present":[139],"various":[140],"conventional":[141],"current":[143],"methodologies":[144],"for":[145],"modeling":[149],"our":[151,168],"work.":[152],"will":[154,170],"discuss":[155],"similarities":[156],"between":[157],"systems":[159],"limitations.":[164],"believe":[166],"work":[169],"useful":[172],"developing":[174],"hybrid":[176],"system":[177],"uses":[179],"both":[180],"approach":[184],"handle":[186],"challenges":[188],"agents.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}