{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285030419","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3534086.3534331","title":"Real-time gaze prediction in virtual reality","display_name":"Real-time gaze prediction in virtual reality","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285030419","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3534086.3534331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3534086.3534331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3534086.3534331","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3534086.3534331","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Immersive Mixed and Virtual Environment Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3534086.3534331","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057062778","display_name":"Gazi Illahi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gazi Karam Illahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043930285","display_name":"Matti Siekkinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0423-1060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matti Siekkinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061086814","display_name":"Teemu K\u00e4m\u00e4r\u00e4inen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4685-6763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teemu K\u00e4m\u00e4r\u00e4inen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034913796","display_name":"Antti Yl\u00e4-J\u00e4\u00e4ski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2069-1721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antti Yl\u00e4-J\u00e4\u00e4ski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1092,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85743509,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"12","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.9227315187454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8024775385856628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.7965564131736755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bittorrent-tracker","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","score":0.675358235836029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5778762102127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5766923427581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4598700702190399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.43174073100090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4175407290458679}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.9227315187454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8024775385856628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.7965564131736755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57501372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2021268","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","level":3,"score":0.675358235836029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5778762102127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5766923427581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4598700702190399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.43174073100090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4175407290458679}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3534086.3534331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3534086.3534331","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3534086.3534331","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Immersive Mixed and Virtual Environment Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3534086.3534331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3534086.3534331","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3534086.3534331","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Immersive Mixed and Virtual Environment Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285030419.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285030419.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032007016","https://openalex.org/W2130184867","https://openalex.org/W2551546500","https://openalex.org/W2624991012","https://openalex.org/W2795307598","https://openalex.org/W2799064164","https://openalex.org/W2807369665","https://openalex.org/W2883284130","https://openalex.org/W2890484038","https://openalex.org/W2896076858","https://openalex.org/W2914976286","https://openalex.org/W2915250631","https://openalex.org/W3005542031","https://openalex.org/W3005758474","https://openalex.org/W3006871938","https://openalex.org/W3009470780","https://openalex.org/W3025606376","https://openalex.org/W3035330334","https://openalex.org/W3105539928","https://openalex.org/W3138572511","https://openalex.org/W3150389638","https://openalex.org/W3164088697","https://openalex.org/W3179188416"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2480793735","https://openalex.org/W4384788979","https://openalex.org/W178060743","https://openalex.org/W2909390414","https://openalex.org/W2511178891","https://openalex.org/W2126676984","https://openalex.org/W2954509079","https://openalex.org/W2161294397","https://openalex.org/W2012644758","https://openalex.org/W2141888607"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gaze":[0],"is":[1,52],"an":[2],"important":[3],"indicator":[4],"of":[5,10,30,44,47,150],"visual":[6,134],"attention":[7],"and":[8,18,67,95],"knowledge":[9],"gaze":[11,38,56,96,101,181,184],"location":[12],"can":[13,58],"be":[14,60],"used":[15],"to":[16,27,62,69,98,163,169,182],"improve":[17],"augment":[19],"Virtual":[20],"Reality":[21],"(VR)":[22],"experiences.":[23],"This":[24],"has":[25,113],"led":[26],"the":[28,41,55,142,161,165,176],"development":[29],"VR":[31,71,76,122,156,166,193],"Head":[32],"Mounted":[33],"Displays":[34],"(HMD)":[35],"with":[36,124,158],"inbuilt":[37],"trackers.":[39],"Given":[40],"latency":[42],"constraints":[43],"VR,":[45],"foreknowledge":[46],"gaze,":[48],"i.e.,":[49],"before":[50],"it":[51],"reported":[53],"by":[54],"tracker,":[57],"similarly":[59],"leveraged":[61],"preemptively":[63],"apply":[64],"gaze-based":[65],"improvements":[66],"augmentations":[68],"a":[70,83],"experience,":[72],"especially":[73],"in":[74,110,155,171,185],"distributed":[75],"architectures.":[77],"In":[78],"this":[79,111],"paper,":[80],"we":[81],"propose":[82],"light":[84],"weight":[85],"neural":[86],"network":[87],"based":[88],"method":[89],"utilizing":[90],"only":[91],"past":[92],"HMD":[93],"pose":[94],"data":[97,140,153],"predict":[99,183],"future":[100],"locations,":[102],"forgoing":[103],"computationally":[104],"heavy":[105],"saliency":[106],"computation.":[107],"Most":[108],"work":[109],"domain":[112],"focused":[114],"on":[115],"either":[116],"360\u00b0or":[117],"ego-centric":[118],"video":[119],"or":[120,132],"synthetic":[121],"content":[123],"rather":[125],"naive":[126],"interaction":[127],"dynamics":[128],"like":[129],"free":[130],"viewing":[131],"supervised":[133],"search":[135],"tasks.":[136,172],"Our":[137,173],"solution":[138,174],"considers":[139],"from":[141],"exhaustive":[143],"OpenNEEDs":[144],"dataset":[145],"which":[146],"contains":[147],"6":[148],"Degrees":[149],"Freedom":[151],"(6DoF)":[152],"captured":[154],"experiences":[157],"subjects":[159],"given":[160],"freedom":[162],"explore":[164],"scene":[167],"and/or":[168],"engage":[170],"outperforms":[175],"very":[177],"strict":[178],"baseline:":[179],"current":[180],"real-time":[186],"for":[187,192],"sub":[188],"150ms":[189],"prediction":[190],"horizons":[191],"use-cases.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
