{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285586691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3533767.3534395","title":"Park: accelerating smart contract vulnerability detection via parallel-fork symbolic execution","display_name":"Park: accelerating smart contract vulnerability detection via parallel-fork symbolic execution","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285586691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3533767.3534395"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3533767.3534395","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3533767.3534395","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066261600","display_name":"Peilin Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4897-9276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peilin Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000582109","display_name":"Zibin Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7878-4330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zibin Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400376","display_name":"Xiapu Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiapu Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066261600"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7064,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97689934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"740","last_page":"751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-execution","display_name":"Symbolic execution","score":0.887458086013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8710646629333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fork","display_name":"Fork (system call)","score":0.8116590976715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.521434485912323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.47492748498916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/execution-time","display_name":"Execution time","score":0.4587848484516144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.42794784903526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3543071746826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.22863414883613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.16543421149253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.14874765276908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.08059099316596985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779639559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7661178","display_name":"Symbolic execution","level":3,"score":0.887458086013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8710646629333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40523978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14675","display_name":"Fork (system call)","level":2,"score":0.8116590976715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.521434485912323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.47492748498916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989134064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288510","display_name":"Execution time","level":2,"score":0.4587848484516144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.42794784903526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3543071746826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.22863414883613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.16543421149253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.14874765276908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.08059099316596985}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3533767.3534395","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3533767.3534395","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480909796","https://openalex.org/W2062392785","https://openalex.org/W2095551048","https://openalex.org/W2101512909","https://openalex.org/W2116998907","https://openalex.org/W2128109790","https://openalex.org/W2167818871","https://openalex.org/W2169063148","https://openalex.org/W2350778671","https://openalex.org/W2539190473","https://openalex.org/W2602675022","https://openalex.org/W2752929869","https://openalex.org/W2805052744","https://openalex.org/W2846896781","https://openalex.org/W2888928288","https://openalex.org/W2908007588","https://openalex.org/W2914982603","https://openalex.org/W2963264685","https://openalex.org/W2963610883","https://openalex.org/W2963723316","https://openalex.org/W2982275082","https://openalex.org/W2984656466","https://openalex.org/W2995871203","https://openalex.org/W2999378142","https://openalex.org/W3005700089","https://openalex.org/W3007045600","https://openalex.org/W3009278394","https://openalex.org/W3022662270","https://openalex.org/W3026203297","https://openalex.org/W3091620507","https://openalex.org/W3098149161","https://openalex.org/W3106007553","https://openalex.org/W3125989628","https://openalex.org/W3160746813","https://openalex.org/W3162904859"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058965144","https://openalex.org/W2164382479","https://openalex.org/W345638404","https://openalex.org/W1822025191","https://openalex.org/W3170793698","https://openalex.org/W2066353350","https://openalex.org/W3042714377","https://openalex.org/W2212845119","https://openalex.org/W1484796814","https://openalex.org/W166889777"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Symbolic":[0],"detection":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"to":[6,25,29,64,75,87,94,122,141,167,173],"detect":[7,30],"vulnerabilities":[8],"in":[9,43,101],"smart":[10,58,148],"contracts.":[11,59],"Unfortunately,":[12],"as":[13,135],"reported,":[14],"existing":[15],"symbolic":[16,55,69,90,144],"tools":[17,146],"cost":[18],"too":[19],"much":[20],"time,":[21],"since":[22],"they":[23],"need":[24],"execute":[26],"all":[27],"paths":[28],"vulnerabilities.":[31],"Thus,":[32],"their":[33],"accuracy":[34],"is":[35,63],"limited":[36],"by":[37],"time.":[38],"To":[39],"tackle":[40],"this":[41,44],"problem,":[42],"paper,":[45],"we":[46,79,103,113],"propose":[47,80,104],"Park,":[48],"the":[49,96,126],"first":[50],"general":[51],"framework":[52],"of":[53],"parallel-fork":[54],"execution":[56,145],"for":[57,147],"The":[60,153],"main":[61],"idea":[62],"use":[65],"multiple":[66,72],"processes":[67,107],"during":[68],"execution,":[70],"leveraging":[71],"CPU":[73],"cores":[74],"enhance":[76],"efficiency.":[77],"Firstly,":[78],"a":[81,115,136],"fork-operation":[82],"based":[83,117],"dynamic":[84],"forking":[85],"algorithm":[86],"achieve":[88],"parallel":[89],"contract":[91],"execution.":[92],"Secondly,":[93],"address":[95],"SMT":[97],"performance":[98],"loss":[99],"problem":[100],"parallelization,":[102],"an":[105],"adaptive":[106],"restriction":[108],"and":[109,124,138,151,162,169],"adjustment":[110],"algorithm.":[111],"Thirdly,":[112],"design":[114],"shared-memory":[116],"global":[118,127],"variable":[119],"reconstruction":[120],"method":[121],"collect":[123],"rebuild":[125],"variables":[128],"from":[129],"different":[130],"processes.":[131],"We":[132],"implement":[133],"Park":[134],"plug-in":[137],"apply":[139],"it":[140],"two":[142],"popular":[143],"contracts:":[149],"Oyente":[150],"Mythril.":[152],"experimental":[154],"results":[155],"with":[156],"third-party":[157],"datasets":[158],"show":[159],"that":[160],"Park-Oyente":[161],"Park-Mythril":[163],"can":[164],"provide":[165],"up":[166],"6.84x":[168],"7.06x":[170],"speedup":[171],"compared":[172],"original":[174],"tools,":[175],"respectively.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}