{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280570314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3531146.3533163","title":"Regulating Facial Processing Technologies: Tensions Between Legal and Technical Considerations in the Application of Illinois BIPA","display_name":"Regulating Facial Processing Technologies: Tensions Between Legal and Technical Considerations in the Application of Illinois BIPA","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280570314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3531146.3533163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3531146.3533163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3531146.3533163","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3531146.3533163","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608463","display_name":"2022 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 ACM Conference on Fairness Accountability and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3531146.3533163","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001352992","display_name":"Rui-Jie Yew","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui-Jie Yew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035786206","display_name":"Alice Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7907-9353"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sony AI, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sony AI, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001352992"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7306,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70154238,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1017","last_page":"1027"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.6805154085159302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.6464301347732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.5497654676437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement","display_name":"Enforcement","score":0.5196296572685242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement","display_name":"Law enforcement","score":0.5029687285423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.48029229044914246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46980413794517517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.44528526067733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.43226373195648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.39438295364379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.36216825246810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.35742998123168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-and-economics","display_name":"Law and economics","score":0.33165645599365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3293662369251251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.17619118094444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16332748532295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.14472857117652893}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.6805154085159302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.6464301347732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5497654676437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5196296572685242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5029687285423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.48029229044914246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46980413794517517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.44528526067733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.43226373195648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.39438295364379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.36216825246810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.35742998123168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.33165645599365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3293662369251251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.17619118094444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16332748532295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.14472857117652893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3531146.3533163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3531146.3533163","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3531146.3533163","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608463","display_name":"2022 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 ACM Conference on Fairness Accountability and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/146121","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/146121","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM|2022 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3531146.3533163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3531146.3533163","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3531146.3533163","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608463","display_name":"2022 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 ACM Conference on Fairness Accountability and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4280570314.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4280570314.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019186710","https://openalex.org/W2051267297","https://openalex.org/W2103958416","https://openalex.org/W2250384498","https://openalex.org/W2941417947","https://openalex.org/W2947110023","https://openalex.org/W2963148250","https://openalex.org/W3135773605","https://openalex.org/W3163642186","https://openalex.org/W3204715535","https://openalex.org/W4245245123","https://openalex.org/W4312663109"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944277854","https://openalex.org/W2258359646","https://openalex.org/W2493324121","https://openalex.org/W4234402960","https://openalex.org/W4210958110","https://openalex.org/W2483613126","https://openalex.org/W4210994448","https://openalex.org/W4386824558","https://openalex.org/W4394927648","https://openalex.org/W2097838441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Harms":[0],"resulting":[1],"from":[2],"the":[3,23,27,65,158,183,214,224,257],"development":[4],"and":[5,20,35,43,97,136,150,166,219,238,249],"deployment":[6],"of":[7,29,49,78,93,105,122,154,161,185,217,226],"facial":[8,30],"processing":[9],"technologies":[10],"(FPT)":[11],"have":[12,25,89,118],"been":[13,90],"met":[14],"with":[15,81],"increasing":[16],"controversy.":[17],"Several":[18],"states":[19],"cities":[21],"in":[22,45,124,189,256],"U.S.":[24,259],"banned":[26],"use":[28],"recognition":[31],"by":[32,56],"law":[33,112],"enforcement":[34],"governments,":[36],"but":[37],"FPT":[38,125,170,248],"are":[39,54,196],"still":[40],"being":[41],"developed":[42],"used":[44],"a":[46,75,102,207,242],"wide":[47],"variety":[48],"contexts":[50],"where":[51,157,176],"they":[52],"primarily":[53],"regulated":[55],"state":[57],"biometric":[58,202],"information":[59,203],"privacy":[60,192,204,254],"laws.":[61],"Among":[62],"these":[63,152,227,231],"laws,":[64],"2008":[66],"Illinois":[67],"Biometric":[68],"Information":[69],"Privacy":[70],"Act":[71],"(BIPA)":[72],"has":[73],"generated":[74],"significant":[76],"amount":[77],"litigation.":[79],"Yet,":[80],"most":[82],"BIPA":[83,123,147,162,177],"lawsuits":[84],"reaching":[85],"settlements":[86],"before":[87],"there":[88,100],"meaningful":[91],"clarifications":[92],"relevant":[94,197],"technical":[95,135,159,187],"intricacies":[96],"legal":[98,137,191,260],"definitions,":[99],"remains":[101],"great":[103],"degree":[104],"uncertainty":[106],"as":[107,172,174,206],"to":[108,114,131,181,235,240,246,251],"how":[109],"exactly":[110],"this":[111],"applies":[113],"FPT.":[115],"What":[116],"we":[117,143,233],"found":[119],"through":[120],"applications":[121],"litigation":[126,178],"so":[127],"far,":[128],"however,":[129],"points":[130,153],"potential":[132,215],"disconnects":[133],"between":[134],"communities.":[138],"This":[139],"paper":[140],"analyzes":[141],"what":[142],"know":[144],"based":[145],"on":[146],"court":[148],"proceedings":[149],"highlights":[151],"tension:":[155],"areas":[156,175],"operationalization":[160],"may":[163],"create":[164],"unintended":[165],"undesirable":[167],"incentives":[168,222],"for":[169,198,210,223],"development,":[171],"well":[173],"can":[179],"bring":[180],"light":[182],"limitations":[184],"solely":[186],"methods":[188],"achieving":[190],"values.":[193],"These":[194],"factors":[195],"(i)":[199],"reasoning":[200],"about":[201],"laws":[205],"governing":[208],"mechanism":[209],"FPT,":[211,218],"(ii)":[212],"assessing":[213],"harms":[216],"(iii)":[220],"providing":[221],"mitigation":[225],"harms.":[228],"By":[229],"illuminating":[230],"considerations,":[232],"hope":[234],"empower":[236],"courts":[237],"lawmakers":[239],"take":[241],"more":[243],"nuanced":[244],"approach":[245],"regulating":[247],"developers":[250],"better":[252],"understand":[253],"values":[255],"current":[258],"landscape.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
