{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312493540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3524842.3528516","title":"Varangian","display_name":"Varangian","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312493540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3524842.3528516"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3524842.3528516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3524842.3528516","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086021292","display_name":"Saurabh Pujar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-3162"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saurabh Pujar","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039824895","display_name":"Yunhui Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-3199"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunhui Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022631353","display_name":"Luca Buratti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1468-9995"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Buratti","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014748574","display_name":"Burn Lewis","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Burn Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076968229","display_name":"Alessandro Morari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5006-8817"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Morari","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090845035","display_name":"Jim Laredo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4915-0304"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jim Laredo","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050879687","display_name":"Kevin Postlethwait","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328219102","display_name":"Red Hat (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ncs3316","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328219102"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Postlethwait","raw_affiliation_strings":["Red Hat"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Red Hat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328219102"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074764267","display_name":"Christoph G\u00f6rn","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph G\u00f6rn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Red Hat, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Red Hat, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086021292"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3032,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64025334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"766","last_page":"767"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8197633028030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.8064883947372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commit","display_name":"Commit","score":0.792112410068512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-paradox","display_name":"False positive paradox","score":0.7512896060943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-program-analysis","display_name":"Static program analysis","score":0.6160770058631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.5623816251754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5097910761833191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-bug","display_name":"Software bug","score":0.4893435835838318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.48590317368507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.48070937395095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-analysis","display_name":"Program analysis","score":0.4771018624305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-lines-of-code","display_name":"Source lines of code","score":0.4518749415874481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.410489022731781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.406989723443985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3983522653579712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.2303772270679474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.1550425887107849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.08959180116653442}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8197633028030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.8064883947372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19776675","display_name":"Commit","level":2,"score":0.792112410068512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64869954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859747","display_name":"False positive paradox","level":2,"score":0.7512896060943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137287247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329550","display_name":"Static program analysis","level":4,"score":0.6160770058631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.5623816251754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5097910761833191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1009929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179550","display_name":"Software bug","level":3,"score":0.4893435835838318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.48590317368507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.48070937395095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98183937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2112188","display_name":"Program analysis","level":2,"score":0.4771018624305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199519371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942695","display_name":"Source lines of code","level":3,"score":0.4518749415874481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.410489022731781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.406989723443985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3983522653579712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.2303772270679474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.1550425887107849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.08959180116653442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3524842.3528516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3524842.3528516","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3163206498"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297908618","https://openalex.org/W2765641823","https://openalex.org/W2867457158","https://openalex.org/W2985048382","https://openalex.org/W2354385412","https://openalex.org/W3111646971","https://openalex.org/W1277328974","https://openalex.org/W4233410239","https://openalex.org/W3196559688","https://openalex.org/W3186878187"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"complexity":[1],"and":[2,14,31,53],"scale":[3,46],"of":[4,49,51,65,84,95,138,147],"modern":[5],"software":[6],"programs":[7],"often":[8,18],"lead":[9],"to":[10,27,47,61,78,88,99,104,108,142],"overlooked":[11],"programming":[12],"errors":[13],"security":[15],"vulnerabilities.":[16,32],"Developers":[17],"rely":[19],"on":[20],"automatic":[21],"tools,":[22,26],"like":[23],"static":[24,150],"analysis":[25,34,130,151],"look":[28],"for":[29,76],"bugs":[30],"Static":[33],"tools":[35],"are":[36,59],"widely":[37],"used":[38],"because":[39],"they":[40,58],"can":[41],"understand":[42],"nontrivial":[43],"program":[44],"behaviors,":[45],"millions":[48],"lines":[50],"code,":[52],"detect":[54],"subtle":[55],"bugs.":[56],"However,":[57,111],"known":[60],"generate":[62],"an":[63],"excess":[64],"false":[66,101],"alarms":[67],"which":[68],"hinder":[69],"their":[70],"utilization":[71],"as":[72],"it":[73],"is":[74,103],"counterproductive":[75],"developers":[77],"go":[79],"through":[80],"a":[81,90,128,139,144],"long":[82],"list":[83],"reported":[85],"issues,":[86],"only":[87],"find":[89],"few":[91],"true":[92],"positives.":[93],"One":[94],"the":[96,135],"ways":[97],"proposed":[98],"suppress":[100],"positives":[102],"use":[105],"machine":[106,113],"learning":[107,114],"identify":[109],"them.":[110],"training":[112],"models":[115],"requires":[116],"good":[117],"quality":[118],"labeled":[119,145],"datasets.":[120],"For":[121],"this":[122],"purpose,":[123],"we":[124],"developed":[125],"D2A":[126],"[3],":[127],"differential":[129],"based":[131],"approach":[132],"that":[133],"uses":[134],"commit":[136],"history":[137],"code":[140],"repository":[141],"create":[143],"dataset":[146],"Infer":[148],"[2]":[149],"output.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2023-01-05T00:00:00"}
