{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286383561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3524482.3527652","title":"Formal specifications investigated","display_name":"Formal specifications investigated","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286383561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3524482.3527652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3524482.3527652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3524482.3527652","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3524482.3527652","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 10th International Conference on Formal Methods in Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3524482.3527652","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005542869","display_name":"Sophie Lathouwers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7544-447X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sophie Lathouwers","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045181048","display_name":"Marieke Huisman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4467-072X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marieke Huisman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005542869"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2776,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6230916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"69","last_page":"79"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8190402984619141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.6961753964424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.4843391180038452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.42348599433898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4014219641685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3933411240577698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.343204140663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.312008798122406}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8190402984619141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.6961753964424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4843391180038452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.42348599433898926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4014219641685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3933411240577698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.343204140663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.312008798122406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3524482.3527652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3524482.3527652","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3524482.3527652","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 10th International Conference on Formal Methods in Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/5dcbe10b-4d44-4252-9a4d-fe9586630671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/5dcbe10b-4d44-4252-9a4d-fe9586630671","pdf_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/283666508/3524482.3527652.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lathouwers, S & Huisman, M 2022, Formal Specifications Investigated: A Classification and Analysis of Annotations for Deductive Verifiers. in Proceedings - IEEE/ACM 10th International Conference on Formal Methods in Software Engineering, FormaliSE 2022., 9796417, IEEE, pp. 69-79, IEEE/ACM 10th International Conference on Formal Methods in Software Engineering, FormaliSE 2022, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 22/05/22. https://doi.org/10.1145/3524482.3527652","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3524482.3527652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3524482.3527652","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3524482.3527652","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 10th International Conference on Formal Methods in Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2647707245","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"639.023.710","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8569044694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"VICI 639.023.710","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286383561.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4286383561.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12986456","https://openalex.org/W71096408","https://openalex.org/W1507029499","https://openalex.org/W1532097571","https://openalex.org/W1565541828","https://openalex.org/W1781572998","https://openalex.org/W1996228525","https://openalex.org/W2030225697","https://openalex.org/W2129248173","https://openalex.org/W2137628566","https://openalex.org/W2146889851","https://openalex.org/W2565255124","https://openalex.org/W2746490395","https://openalex.org/W2746792245","https://openalex.org/W2950533071","https://openalex.org/W2955879452","https://openalex.org/W2964227339","https://openalex.org/W2978995391","https://openalex.org/W3095521253","https://openalex.org/W3101193881","https://openalex.org/W3101735739","https://openalex.org/W3105687267","https://openalex.org/W3158447963","https://openalex.org/W3165845273","https://openalex.org/W4295882484","https://openalex.org/W6923407877","https://openalex.org/W6929202141"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361861616","https://openalex.org/W2263699433","https://openalex.org/W2377979023","https://openalex.org/W2218034408","https://openalex.org/W2392921965","https://openalex.org/W2358755282","https://openalex.org/W2625833328","https://openalex.org/W1533177136","https://openalex.org/W4380994516","https://openalex.org/W2251519152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deductive":[0],"verification":[1],"can":[2,131,162],"be":[3,132,173],"used":[4,87,133],"to":[5,28,34,44,64,91,134,149,176,186],"ensure":[6],"properties":[7,39],"about":[8],"all":[9],"possible":[10],"behaviours":[11],"of":[12,81,104,138,157,170,180,190],"a":[13,62,89,147,165],"program,":[14],"even":[15],"when":[16],"the":[17,31,37,46,110,129,136,155,178,188],"program":[18],"is":[19,85],"parameterised":[20],"and":[21,41,59,185],"has":[22],"an":[23],"unbounded":[24],"state":[25],"space.":[26],"But":[27],"achieve":[29],"this,":[30],"user":[32],"needs":[33,43],"specify":[35],"what":[36,54,168],"desired":[38],"are,":[40],"often":[42,94],"guide":[45,150],"prover":[47],"with":[48,115],"auxiliary":[49],"annotations.":[50,67,82],"This":[51,83],"paper":[52],"investigates":[53],"annotations":[55,171],"are":[56,76,112],"actually":[57],"needed,":[58],"it":[60,161],"provides":[61,146],"taxonomy":[63,84],"categorise":[65],"these":[66],"In":[68],"particular,":[69],"we":[70,117,126],"identify":[71],"several":[72,120],"top-level":[73],"categories,":[74],"which":[75],"further":[77,151],"divided":[78],"into":[79],"sub-categories":[80],"then":[86],"as":[88,164],"basis":[90],"investigate":[92],"how":[93,128],"particular":[95],"annotation":[96,139,182],"categories":[97,169],"occur,":[98],"by":[99],"inspecting":[100],"over":[101],"10k":[102],"lines":[103],"annotated":[105],"programs.":[106],"To":[107],"determine":[108],"whether":[109],"results":[111,130],"in":[113,153],"line":[114],"expectations,":[116],"have":[118],"interviewed":[119],"experts":[121],"on":[122,167],"deductive":[123,158,191],"verification.":[124,192],"Moreover,":[125],"show":[127],"evaluate":[135,177],"effectiveness":[137],"generators.":[140],"The":[141],"knowledge":[142],"from":[143],"this":[144],"analysis":[145],"gateway":[148],"research":[152],"improving":[154],"efficiency":[156],"verification,":[159],"e.g.:":[160],"serve":[163],"guideline":[166],"should":[172],"generated":[174],"automatically,":[175],"power":[179],"existing":[181],"generation":[183],"techniques,":[184],"improve":[187],"teaching":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}