{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281965278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3523286.3524603","title":"Research on Ultrasonic Image Segmentation of Thyroid Nodules Based on Improved U-net++","display_name":"Research on Ultrasonic Image Segmentation of Thyroid Nodules Based on Improved U-net++","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281965278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3523286.3524603"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3523286.3524603","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3523286.3524603","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Intelligent Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101428230","display_name":"Chaoyi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-6621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201459984","display_name":"Guangdong University Of Finances and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/0459pv085","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149618","display_name":"Guangdong University of Finance","ror":"https://ror.org/04grzdh47","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149618"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoyi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201459984","https://openalex.org/I4210149618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007111614","display_name":"Bo Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-5321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201459984","display_name":"Guangdong University Of Finances and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/0459pv085","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149618","display_name":"Guangdong University of Finance","ror":"https://ror.org/04grzdh47","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149618"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201459984","https://openalex.org/I4210149618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103235310","display_name":"Ying Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8846-0399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162753","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05d5vvz89","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162753"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067626383","display_name":"WU Kaiwen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201459984","display_name":"Guangdong University Of Finances and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/0459pv085","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149618","display_name":"Guangdong University of Finance","ror":"https://ror.org/04grzdh47","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149618"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaiwen Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201459984","https://openalex.org/I4210149618"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011433804","display_name":"Cuier Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4737-6246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201459984","display_name":"Guangdong University Of Finances and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/0459pv085","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201459984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149618","display_name":"Guangdong University of Finance","ror":"https://ror.org/04grzdh47","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149618"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cuier Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201459984","https://openalex.org/I4210149618"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6058,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64808531,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"532","last_page":"536"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10329","display_name":"Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thyroid-nodules","display_name":"Thyroid nodules","score":0.7685779929161072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6789413690567017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s\u00f8rensen\u2013dice-coefficient","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","score":0.6328819394111633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6295528411865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound","display_name":"Ultrasound","score":0.5749243497848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5748351216316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5720052123069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dice","display_name":"Dice","score":0.5701770782470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.4725118577480316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4606049656867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speckle-noise","display_name":"Speckle noise","score":0.43227893114089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nodule","display_name":"Nodule (geology)","score":0.4286733865737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.38810813426971436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3427526354789734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thyroid","display_name":"Thyroid","score":0.32700246572494507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.2729562222957611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2641473710536957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.23256522417068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13140171766281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.1033720076084137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779022025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53829","display_name":"Thyroid nodules","level":3,"score":0.7685779929161072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6789413690567017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163892561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2613728","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","level":4,"score":0.6328819394111633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6295528411865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.5749243497848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5748351216316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5720052123069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22029948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45089","display_name":"Dice","level":2,"score":0.5701770782470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.4725118577480316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4606049656867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180940675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575045","display_name":"Speckle noise","level":3,"score":0.43227893114089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776731575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916245","display_name":"Nodule (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4286733865737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.38810813426971436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3427526354789734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526584372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16399","display_name":"Thyroid","level":2,"score":0.32700246572494507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.2729562222957611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2641473710536957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23256522417068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13140171766281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1033720076084137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3523286.3524603","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3523286.3524603","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Intelligent Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1963950405","https://openalex.org/W2108736975","https://openalex.org/W2163175491","https://openalex.org/W2741754476","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2900728345","https://openalex.org/W2946948417","https://openalex.org/W2964933269","https://openalex.org/W3034971973","https://openalex.org/W4249729687","https://openalex.org/W4308909683","https://openalex.org/W6757986127"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402926319","https://openalex.org/W4389060404","https://openalex.org/W2973136608","https://openalex.org/W3029276719","https://openalex.org/W3012828488","https://openalex.org/W3125611560","https://openalex.org/W2498632914","https://openalex.org/W45411538","https://openalex.org/W59410728","https://openalex.org/W2525654528"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,135,150],"ultrasound":[1,49,100,164],"image":[2,108],"of":[3,16,94,102,115,120,126,133,138,148,154,160,163,166],"thyroid":[4,17,45,103,167],"nodules":[5,18,46,168],"has":[6,110],"low":[7],"contrast":[8],"and":[9,13,34,68,77,90,128],"severe":[10],"speckle":[11],"noise,":[12],"the":[14,37,44,48,51,54,59,66,69,75,84,87,92,105,139,158],"morphology":[15],"in":[19,74,169],"different":[20],"patients":[21],"is":[22,63,72,143,153],"quite":[23],"different,":[24],"which":[25],"makes":[26],"it":[27],"extremely":[28],"difficult":[29],"for":[30,157],"doctors":[31],"to":[32,41,79],"accurately":[33,42],"quickly":[35],"diagnose":[36],"nodules.":[38],"In":[39,82],"order":[40],"segment":[43],"from":[47],"image,":[50],"paper":[52,85],"improves":[53,86],"U-Net++":[55,60,107],"network.":[56],"Based":[57],"on":[58],"model,":[61],"EfficientDet":[62],"used":[64],"as":[65],"encoder,":[67],"CSSE":[70],"block":[71],"merged":[73],"encoder":[76],"decoder":[78],"improve":[80],"performance.":[81],"addition,":[83],"network":[88],"structure":[89],"reduces":[91],"number":[93],"model":[95],"parameters.":[96],"After":[97],"testing":[98],"720":[99],"images":[101,165],"nodules,":[104],"improved":[106,140,151],"segmentation":[109,142,162],"an":[111,117,122,129],"average":[112,118,123,130],"Dice":[113,136],"coefficient":[114,137],"0.9213,":[116],"accuracy":[119],"0.9262,":[121],"recall":[124],"rate":[125],"0.9011,":[127],"F1":[131],"score":[132],"0.9202.":[134],"algorithm":[141,152],"9.01%":[144],"higher":[145],"than":[146],"that":[147],"U-Net++.":[149],"great":[155],"significance":[156],"application":[159],"automatic":[161],"actual":[170],"clinical":[171],"medicine.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}