{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3087792431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517806","title":"EI-MTD: Moving Target Defense for Edge Intelligence against Adversarial Attacks","display_name":"EI-MTD: Moving Target Defense for Edge Intelligence against Adversarial Attacks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3087792431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517806","mag":"3087792431"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3517806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517806","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3517806","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","issn_l":"2471-2566","issn":["2471-2566","2471-2574"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3517806","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057867117","display_name":"Yaguan Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4056-9755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yaguan Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Big-data Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Big-data Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067999148","display_name":"Y.S. Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2915-8082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yankai Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Big-data Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Big-data Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003524764","display_name":"Qiqi Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-2749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiqi Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Big-data Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Big-data Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100321597","display_name":"Jiamin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8078-6247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiamin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Big-data Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Big-data Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108156794","display_name":"Bin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3790-2708"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multi-dimensional Perception Technology, Application and Cybersecurity, Qianmo Road, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multi-dimensional Perception Technology, Application and Cybersecurity, Qianmo Road, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070856186","display_name":"Zhaoquan Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7546-852X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoquan Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology (CIAT), Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology (CIAT), Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101416036","display_name":"Xiang Ling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7377-7844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078198240","display_name":"Chunming Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7958-9687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168879160","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx0wr29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunming Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057867117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168879160"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7759,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91379191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.8573613166809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7249022126197815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.6422543525695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5843126177787781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5673093199729919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.4993555545806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-box","display_name":"Black box","score":0.4882102310657501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3929922878742218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.8573613166809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7249022126197815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.6422543525695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5843126177787781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5673093199729919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4993555545806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94966114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29256","display_name":"Black box","level":2,"score":0.4882102310657501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3929922878742218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3517806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517806","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3517806","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","issn_l":"2471-2566","issn":["2471-2566","2471-2574"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3517806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517806","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3517806","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","issn_l":"2471-2566","issn":["2471-2566","2471-2574"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2495480902","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92167203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2582720763","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5942160037","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFB1804705, 2018YFB2100400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3087792431.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3087792431.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W2000822214","https://openalex.org/W2054632425","https://openalex.org/W2103138133","https://openalex.org/W2110504778","https://openalex.org/W2117130368","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2140609507","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2279098554","https://openalex.org/W2408141691","https://openalex.org/W2460937040","https://openalex.org/W2535873859","https://openalex.org/W2561715741","https://openalex.org/W2594867206","https://openalex.org/W2600383743","https://openalex.org/W2603766943","https://openalex.org/W2612637113","https://openalex.org/W2640329709","https://openalex.org/W2739750598","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2765384636","https://openalex.org/W2766462876","https://openalex.org/W2767962654","https://openalex.org/W2786118190","https://openalex.org/W2787733970","https://openalex.org/W2787970001","https://openalex.org/W2798302089","https://openalex.org/W2798801120","https://openalex.org/W2883285025","https://openalex.org/W2883780447","https://openalex.org/W2890505418","https://openalex.org/W2892354372","https://openalex.org/W2896266676","https://openalex.org/W2902543210","https://openalex.org/W2907582377","https://openalex.org/W2949479613","https://openalex.org/W2950468330","https://openalex.org/W2962847335","https://openalex.org/W2963070423","https://openalex.org/W2963077879","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963207607","https://openalex.org/W2963299894","https://openalex.org/W2963420686","https://openalex.org/W2963496101","https://openalex.org/W2963542245","https://openalex.org/W2963626858","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2964082701","https://openalex.org/W2964153729","https://openalex.org/W2964299589","https://openalex.org/W2970317235","https://openalex.org/W2988043334","https://openalex.org/W2988796733","https://openalex.org/W2998835636"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362599004","https://openalex.org/W2522301850","https://openalex.org/W4248052496","https://openalex.org/W4251088474","https://openalex.org/W3036962440","https://openalex.org/W3004996675","https://openalex.org/W4287999886","https://openalex.org/W43121067","https://openalex.org/W3080260826","https://openalex.org/W4294962564"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Edge":[0,61],"intelligence":[1,176],"has":[2],"played":[3],"an":[4,21,35,48,151],"important":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,63,181],"constructing":[8],"smart":[9],"cities,":[10],"but":[11],"the":[12,42,84,133,147,165],"vulnerability":[13],"of":[14,45,101,135],"edge":[15,36,175],"nodes":[16,62],"to":[17,41,132,163],"adversarial":[18,26,46,179],"attacks":[19,180],"becomes":[20],"urgent":[22],"problem.":[23],"A":[24],"so-called":[25],"example":[27],"can":[28,50,145],"fool":[29,52],"a":[30,53,57,71,78,88,109,114,119,126,136],"deep":[31],"learning":[32],"model":[33,55,112,138,154],"on":[34,77,113,125],"node":[37],"for":[38,139,155],"misclassification.":[39],"Due":[40],"transferability":[43],"property":[44],"examples,":[47],"adversary":[49,148],"easily":[51],"black-box":[54,156,182],"by":[56],"local":[58],"substitute":[59,153],"model.":[60],"general":[64],"have":[65],"limited":[66],"resources,":[67],"which":[68,123],"cannot":[69],"afford":[70],"complicated":[72,110],"defense":[73,90,143],"mechanism":[74,95,144],"like":[75],"that":[76,171],"cloud":[79,115],"data":[80,116],"center.":[81,117],"To":[82],"address":[83],"challenge,":[85],"we":[86],"propose":[87],"dynamic":[89,120,142],"mechanism,":[91,167],"namely":[92],"EI-MTD.":[93],"The":[94],"first":[96],"obtains":[97],"robust":[98],"member":[99],"models":[100],"small":[102],"size":[103],"through":[104],"differential":[105],"knowledge":[106],"distillation":[107],"from":[108,149],"teacher":[111],"Then,":[118],"scheduling":[121],"policy,":[122],"builds":[124],"Bayesian":[127],"Stackelberg":[128],"game,":[129],"is":[130],"applied":[131],"choice":[134],"target":[137],"service.":[140],"This":[141],"prohibit":[146],"selecting":[150],"optimal":[152],"attacks.":[157],"We":[158],"also":[159],"conduct":[160],"extensive":[161],"experiments":[162],"evaluate":[164],"proposed":[166],"and":[168],"results":[169],"show":[170],"EI-MTD":[172],"could":[173],"protect":[174],"effectively":[177],"against":[178],"settings.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}