{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4211263472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3513087","title":"ScatterVerif: Verification of Electronic Boards Using Reflection Response of Power Distribution Network","display_name":"ScatterVerif: Verification of Electronic Boards Using Reflection Response of Power Distribution Network","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4211263472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3513087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3513087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3513087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96198239","display_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","issn_l":"1550-4832","issn":["1550-4832","1550-4840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000341356","display_name":"Tahoura Mosavirik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4816-1623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tahoura Mosavirik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017195195","display_name":"Fatemeh Ganji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0151-1307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatemeh Ganji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0151-1307","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088000939","display_name":"Patrick Schaumont","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4586-5476"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Schaumont","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002624062","display_name":"Shahin Tajik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3752-2358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahin Tajik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3752-2358","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3511,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95307975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfeit","display_name":"Counterfeit","score":0.8797599077224731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6243427395820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5233511328697205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.48161667585372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3861906826496124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2607613801956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20631518959999084}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779356469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502918","display_name":"Counterfeit","level":2,"score":0.8797599077224731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6243427395820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5233511328697205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.48161667585372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3861906826496124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2607613801956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20631518959999084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3513087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3513087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96198239","display_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","issn_l":"1550-4832","issn":["1550-4832","1550-4840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307791","display_name":"Cisco Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/03yt1ez60"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310509","display_name":"Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqztz06"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W283009591","https://openalex.org/W950853366","https://openalex.org/W1510683905","https://openalex.org/W1582894122","https://openalex.org/W1995871244","https://openalex.org/W2027314395","https://openalex.org/W2071949631","https://openalex.org/W2081138958","https://openalex.org/W2093439000","https://openalex.org/W2097651508","https://openalex.org/W2113322447","https://openalex.org/W2114555630","https://openalex.org/W2116374153","https://openalex.org/W2124893091","https://openalex.org/W2126051950","https://openalex.org/W2164152592","https://openalex.org/W2165533158","https://openalex.org/W2340344720","https://openalex.org/W2399378219","https://openalex.org/W2575241219","https://openalex.org/W2586449326","https://openalex.org/W2608329737","https://openalex.org/W2614946199","https://openalex.org/W2759415793","https://openalex.org/W2789286477","https://openalex.org/W2801826331","https://openalex.org/W2888774681","https://openalex.org/W2902935532","https://openalex.org/W2911696139","https://openalex.org/W2912886105","https://openalex.org/W2914154500","https://openalex.org/W2977298796","https://openalex.org/W2998845540","https://openalex.org/W3007510053","https://openalex.org/W3014514559","https://openalex.org/W3023646581","https://openalex.org/W3081524416","https://openalex.org/W3088909405","https://openalex.org/W3089544536","https://openalex.org/W3092320038","https://openalex.org/W3171526496","https://openalex.org/W4242807147","https://openalex.org/W4247476895","https://openalex.org/W4252995036","https://openalex.org/W6759044181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3191226418","https://openalex.org/W2357749344","https://openalex.org/W4323356230","https://openalex.org/W2362200800","https://openalex.org/W1539823648","https://openalex.org/W4290078996","https://openalex.org/W3113783116"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"globalization":[1],"of":[2,9,37,72,89,107,139],"electronic":[3],"systems\u2019":[4],"fabrication":[5],"has":[6],"made":[7],"some":[8],"our":[10],"most":[11],"critical":[12],"systems":[13],"vulnerable":[14],"to":[15,119,122],"supply":[16],"chain":[17],"attacks.":[18,39],"Implanting":[19],"spy":[20],"chips":[21],"on":[22,69,166],"the":[23,70,73,94,112,120,125,136,148,159,186,190],"printed":[24],"circuit":[25],"boards":[26],"(PCBs)":[27],"or":[28],"replacing":[29],"genuine":[30,126,201],"components":[31],"with":[32,97,179],"counterfeit/recycled":[33],"ones":[34],"are":[35,47],"examples":[36],"such":[38],"Unfortunately,":[40],"conventional":[41,149],"attack":[42,160],"detection":[43],"schemes":[44],"for":[45,63,86,199],"PCBs":[46],"ad":[48],"hoc,":[49],"costly,":[50],"unscalable,":[51],"and":[52,127,168,171],"error":[53],"prone.":[54],"This":[55],"work":[56],"introduces":[57],"a":[58,98,105,140,153],"holistic":[59],"physical":[60],"verification":[61],"framework":[62],"PCBs,":[64],"called":[65],"ScatterVerif":[66],",":[67],"based":[68],"characterization":[71,88,194],"PCBs\u2019":[74],"power":[75,191],"distribution":[76,192],"network.":[77],"First,":[78],"we":[79,102,183],"demonstrate":[80,172],"how":[81,104],"scattering":[82],"parameters,":[83],"frequently":[84],"used":[85],"impedance":[87,138,150],"RF":[90],"circuits,":[91],"can":[92,116,176,195],"characterize":[93],"entire":[95],"PCB":[96,141],"single":[99],"measurement.":[100],"Second,":[101],"present":[103],"class":[106],"machine":[108],"learning":[109],"algorithms,":[110],"namely":[111],"Gaussian":[113],"mixture":[114],"model,":[115],"be":[117,177,197],"applied":[118],"measurements":[121,151],"automatically":[123],"classify/cluster":[124],"tampered/counterfeit":[128],"PCBs.":[129,202],"We":[130,162],"show":[131,184],"that":[132,173,185],"these":[133,174],"attacks":[134,175],"affect":[135],"overall":[137],"differently":[142],"in":[143],"various":[144],"frequency":[145],"ranges,":[146],"hence":[147],"using":[152],"constant-frequency":[154],"electrical":[155],"stimulus":[156],"might":[157],"leave":[158],"undetected.":[161],"conduct":[163],"extensive":[164],"experiments":[165],"counterfeit":[167],"tampered":[169],"devices":[170],"detected":[178],"high":[180],"confidence.":[181],"Finally,":[182],"acquired":[187],"data":[188],"from":[189],"network":[193],"also":[196],"deployed":[198],"fingerprinting":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
