{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292217701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3511808.3557145","title":"Approximated Doubly Robust Search Relevance Estimation","display_name":"Approximated Doubly Robust Search Relevance Estimation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292217701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3511808.3557145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3511808.3557145","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3511808.3557145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608762","display_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.07671","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089307887","display_name":"Lixin Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6755-871X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixin Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073163313","display_name":"Changying Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changying Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062665223","display_name":"Hengyi Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7147-5666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hengyi Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050255638","display_name":"Shuaiqiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9212-1947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuaiqiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijng, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijng, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109588836","display_name":"Suqi Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suqi Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004991630","display_name":"Zhicong Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6503-4581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhicong Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018923326","display_name":"Wenwen Ye","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenwen Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086564536","display_name":"Simiu Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0113-4540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simiu Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100594590","display_name":"Dawei Yin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawei Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3756","last_page":"3765"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.8541104793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7720345258712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfactual-thinking","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","score":0.6197841763496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6113126277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance-feedback","display_name":"Relevance feedback","score":0.5697041749954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.532849133014679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5303217768669128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.47090625762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4367801547050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36401551961898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33099600672721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.2177485227584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17269673943519592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.15066829323768616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1212405264377594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.8541104793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7720345258712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108650721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783253","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","level":2,"score":0.6197841763496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6113126277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779532271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q445558","display_name":"Relevance feedback","level":4,"score":0.5697041749954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.532849133014679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5303217768669128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.47090625762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4367801547050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36401551961898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33099600672721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.2177485227584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17269673943519592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15066829323768616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1212405264377594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3511808.3557145","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3511808.3557145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608762","display_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2208.07671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.07671","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.07671","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2208.07671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.07671","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.07671","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1854214752","https://openalex.org/W1985554184","https://openalex.org/W1992549066","https://openalex.org/W2026784708","https://openalex.org/W2047221353","https://openalex.org/W2090883204","https://openalex.org/W2096438175","https://openalex.org/W2096451472","https://openalex.org/W2099213975","https://openalex.org/W2113640060","https://openalex.org/W2119717200","https://openalex.org/W2186845332","https://openalex.org/W2340526403","https://openalex.org/W2507134384","https://openalex.org/W2513853793","https://openalex.org/W2761665523","https://openalex.org/W2768348081","https://openalex.org/W2797400361","https://openalex.org/W2799226155","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2899331914","https://openalex.org/W2911802745","https://openalex.org/W2912255075","https://openalex.org/W2945684222","https://openalex.org/W2963842088","https://openalex.org/W2964297722","https://openalex.org/W2975880037","https://openalex.org/W2995289474","https://openalex.org/W2996959725","https://openalex.org/W2997200074","https://openalex.org/W2997842202","https://openalex.org/W3012576969","https://openalex.org/W3040127368","https://openalex.org/W3049342604","https://openalex.org/W3088393583","https://openalex.org/W3088432326","https://openalex.org/W3093570284","https://openalex.org/W3104966867","https://openalex.org/W3105712174","https://openalex.org/W3105787366","https://openalex.org/W3115195983","https://openalex.org/W3115487106","https://openalex.org/W3122781290","https://openalex.org/W3137147200","https://openalex.org/W3146753603","https://openalex.org/W3153682915","https://openalex.org/W3170841641","https://openalex.org/W4206961608","https://openalex.org/W4213009331","https://openalex.org/W4241676240","https://openalex.org/W4252076394","https://openalex.org/W4284675352","https://openalex.org/W4284689311","https://openalex.org/W4287177420","https://openalex.org/W4302322961","https://openalex.org/W4321485563","https://openalex.org/W4385245566"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1921936017","https://openalex.org/W1971071004","https://openalex.org/W2009716188","https://openalex.org/W1518380457","https://openalex.org/W2001985945","https://openalex.org/W1973132420","https://openalex.org/W2460037195","https://openalex.org/W2078482661","https://openalex.org/W1968222678","https://openalex.org/W2142731558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extracting":[0],"query-document":[1],"relevance":[2,25,40,54,79,98],"from":[3,42,107],"the":[4,11,16,32,43,47,62,72,77,94,108,116],"sparse,":[5],"biased":[6,78],"clickthrough":[7],"log":[8],"is":[9,65],"among":[10],"most":[12],"fundamental":[13],"tasks":[14],"in":[15],"web":[17],"search":[18],"system.":[19],"Prior":[20],"art":[21],"mainly":[22],"learns":[23],"a":[24,69],"judgment":[26],"model":[27],"with":[28,84,100],"semantic":[29,49,63],"features":[30],"of":[31],"query":[33,118],"and":[34,36],"document":[35],"ignores":[37],"directly":[38],"counterfactual":[39,90],"evaluation":[41,91],"clicking":[44],"log.":[45],"Though":[46],"learned":[48],"matching":[50],"models":[51],"can":[52],"provide":[53],"signals":[55],"for":[56],"tail":[57],"queries":[58],"as":[59,61],"long":[60],"feature":[64],"available.":[66],"However,":[67,104],"such":[68],"paradigm":[70],"lacks":[71],"capability":[73],"to":[74],"introspectively":[75],"adjust":[76],"estimation":[80,99],"whenever":[81],"it":[82],"conflicts":[83],"massive":[85],"implicit":[86],"user":[87],"feedback.":[88],"The":[89],"methods,":[92],"on":[93],"contrary,":[95],"ensure":[96],"unbiased":[97],"sufficient":[101],"click":[102],"information.":[103],"they":[105],"suffer":[106],"sparse":[109],"or":[110],"even":[111],"missing":[112],"clicks":[113],"caused":[114],"by":[115],"long-tailed":[117],"distribution.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}