{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312753103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3510454.3516826","title":"gDefects4DL","display_name":"gDefects4DL","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312753103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3510454.3516826"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3510454.3516826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3510454.3516826","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 44th International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047035045","display_name":"Yunkai Liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunkai Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063706766","display_name":"Yun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8255-0118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080496447","display_name":"Xuezhi Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0036-5048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuezhi Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100429004","display_name":"Jun Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3545-1392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100736532","display_name":"Zhiyong Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-7453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085067496","display_name":"Jin Song Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6512-8326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Song Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047035045"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5837,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83251393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"90","last_page":"94"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.7766404747962952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7614425420761108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.7300856113433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.580894947052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-bug","display_name":"Software bug","score":0.48992103338241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.45975542068481445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4218655824661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38619112968444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.23416095972061157}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.7766404747962952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7614425420761108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.7300856113433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.580894947052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1009929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179550","display_name":"Software bug","level":3,"score":0.48992103338241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.45975542068481445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4218655824661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38619112968444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.23416095972061157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3510454.3516826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3510454.3516826","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 44th International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2617064411","https://openalex.org/W2767389852","https://openalex.org/W2850992922","https://openalex.org/W2888556190","https://openalex.org/W2956069715","https://openalex.org/W2968594320","https://openalex.org/W3000315285","https://openalex.org/W3005780259","https://openalex.org/W3043456590","https://openalex.org/W3090643686","https://openalex.org/W3091633490","https://openalex.org/W3109004940","https://openalex.org/W3194136989","https://openalex.org/W3195618452"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2061417947","https://openalex.org/W2740264376","https://openalex.org/W4206999239","https://openalex.org/W2161928627","https://openalex.org/W4388482952","https://openalex.org/W2786113878","https://openalex.org/W2727867943","https://openalex.org/W3015562293","https://openalex.org/W4400860681","https://openalex.org/W2787155073"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"development":[1],"of":[2,52,89,114,133],"deep":[3,29,53,81,90],"learning":[4,30,54,82,91],"programs,":[5],"as":[6,86],"a":[7,47],"new":[8],"programming":[9],"paradigm,":[10],"is":[11],"observed":[12],"to":[13,24,36,57,74,98],"suffer":[14],"from":[15],"various":[16],"defects.":[17],"Emerging":[18],"research":[19],"works":[20],"have":[21],"been":[22],"proposed":[23],"detect,":[25],"debug,":[26],"and":[27,67,129,138],"repair":[28],"bugs,":[31,119],"which":[32],"drive":[33],"the":[34,38,64,96],"need":[35],"construct":[37],"bug":[39],"benchmarks.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"work,":[43],"we":[44],"present":[45],"gDefects4DL,":[46],"dataset":[48],"for":[49],"general":[50,78],"bugs":[51,62,79,84],"programs.":[55],"Comparing":[56],"existing":[58],"datasets,":[59],"gDefects4DL":[60],"collects":[61],"where":[63],"root":[65],"causes":[66],"fix":[68],"solutions":[69],"can":[70],"be":[71],"well":[72],"generalized":[73],"other":[75],"projects.":[76],"Our":[77],"include":[80],"program":[83],"such":[85],"(1)":[87],"violation":[88,132],"API":[92],"usage":[93],"pattern":[94],"(e.g.,":[95,122],"standard":[97],"implement":[99],"cross":[100],"entropy":[101],"function":[102],"y":[103,106],"\u00b7":[104],"log(y),":[105],"\u2192":[107],"0,":[108],"without":[109],"NaN":[110],"error),":[111],"(2)":[112],"shape-mismatch":[113],"tensor":[115],"calculation,":[116],"(3)":[117],"numeric":[118],"(4)":[120],"type-mismatch":[121],"confusing":[123],"similar":[124],"types":[125],"among":[126],"numpy,":[127],"pytorch,":[128],"tensorflow),":[130],"(5)":[131],"model":[134],"architecture":[135],"design":[136],"convention,":[137],"(6)":[139],"performance":[140],"bugs.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2023-01-05T00:00:00"}
