{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220722393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3510003.3510146","title":"Natural attack for pre-trained models of code","display_name":"Natural attack for pre-trained models of code","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220722393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3510003.3510146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3510003.3510146","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3510003.3510146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608872","display_name":"Proceedings of the 44th International Conference on Software Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 44th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.08698","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008695791","display_name":"Zhou Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5938-1918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhou Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002667771","display_name":"Jieke Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-5018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jieke Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103075577","display_name":"Junda He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-8585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junda He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081036622","display_name":"David Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-7201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008695791"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.9629,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":149,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99370475,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1482","last_page":"1493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7074094414710999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5360136032104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.4974227249622345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3656480312347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.05668339133262634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7074094414710999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5360136032104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4974227249622345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3656480312347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.05668339133262634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3510003.3510146","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3510003.3510146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608872","display_name":"Proceedings of the 44th International Conference on Software Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 44th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2201.08698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2201.08698","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.08698","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-8657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8657&context=sis_research","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196871","display_name":"Institutional Knowledge (InK) - Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3510003.3510146","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2201.08698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2201.08698","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.08698","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46679369","https://openalex.org/W1532325895","https://openalex.org/W1945616565","https://openalex.org/W2056760934","https://openalex.org/W2065053490","https://openalex.org/W2327678559","https://openalex.org/W2560674852","https://openalex.org/W2741705590","https://openalex.org/W2742956140","https://openalex.org/W2747329762","https://openalex.org/W2750779823","https://openalex.org/W2804660315","https://openalex.org/W2811010710","https://openalex.org/W2887364112","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2898734514","https://openalex.org/W2947477827","https://openalex.org/W2962784628","https://openalex.org/W2962797416","https://openalex.org/W2963499994","https://openalex.org/W2964150020","https://openalex.org/W2964301649","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2972135640","https://openalex.org/W2996343955","https://openalex.org/W2996851481","https://openalex.org/W2997451752","https://openalex.org/W3011564318","https://openalex.org/W3014339000","https://openalex.org/W3025298766","https://openalex.org/W3034549508","https://openalex.org/W3035882142","https://openalex.org/W3090943961","https://openalex.org/W3096150021","https://openalex.org/W3098605233","https://openalex.org/W3101449015","https://openalex.org/W3105398568","https://openalex.org/W3108032709","https://openalex.org/W3109966548","https://openalex.org/W3119507053","https://openalex.org/W3126675481","https://openalex.org/W3128630643","https://openalex.org/W3131641316","https://openalex.org/W3155981360","https://openalex.org/W3167948855","https://openalex.org/W3168895090","https://openalex.org/W3198685994","https://openalex.org/W3199249334","https://openalex.org/W3217001695","https://openalex.org/W4206334468","https://openalex.org/W4225878270","https://openalex.org/W4226216828","https://openalex.org/W4247880210","https://openalex.org/W4255315653","https://openalex.org/W4286530321","https://openalex.org/W4287265163","https://openalex.org/W4292779060","https://openalex.org/W4293159471","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4394638297","https://openalex.org/W6600424091","https://openalex.org/W6602680078","https://openalex.org/W6606876336"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pre-trained":[0],"models":[1,16,39],"of":[2,40],"code":[3,41],"have":[4],"achieved":[5],"success":[6],"in":[7],"many":[8],"important":[9],"software":[10],"engineering":[11],"tasks.":[12],"However,":[13],"these":[14],"powerful":[15],"are":[17],"vulnerable":[18],"to":[19,27,62,68],"adversarial":[20,55],"attacks":[21],"that":[22,44],"slightly":[23],"perturb":[24],"model":[25,31],"inputs":[26],"make":[28],"a":[29,51],"victim":[30],"produce":[32],"wrong":[33],"outputs.":[34],"Current":[35],"works":[36],"mainly":[37],"attack":[38],"with":[42],"examples":[43],"preserve":[45],"operational":[46],"program":[47],"semantics":[48],"but":[49],"ignore":[50],"fundamental":[52],"requirement":[53],"for":[54],"example":[56],"generation:":[57],"perturbations":[58],"should":[59],"be":[60],"natural":[61],"human":[63],"judges,":[64],"which":[65],"we":[66],"refer":[67],"as":[69],"naturalness":[70],"requirement.":[71]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}