{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4212883115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3503222.3507768","title":"One size does not fit all: security hardening of MIPS embedded systems via static binary debloating for shared libraries","display_name":"One size does not fit all: security hardening of MIPS embedded systems via static binary debloating for shared libraries","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4212883115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3503222.3507768"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3503222.3507768","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3503222.3507768","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100392968","display_name":"Haotian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0844-3730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189196454","display_name":"The University of Texas at Arlington","ror":"https://ror.org/019kgqr73","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haotian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Arlington, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Arlington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061815063","display_name":"Mengfei Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8548-3299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189196454","display_name":"The University of Texas at Arlington","ror":"https://ror.org/019kgqr73","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengfei Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Arlington, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Arlington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060631912","display_name":"Yu Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1069-5980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189196454","display_name":"The University of Texas at Arlington","ror":"https://ror.org/019kgqr73","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Arlington, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Arlington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101420644","display_name":"Jiang Ming","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9682-0502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189196454","display_name":"The University of Texas at Arlington","ror":"https://ror.org/019kgqr73","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Ming","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Arlington, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Arlington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100392968"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.856,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87216366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"255","last_page":"270"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6463481783866882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5707414150238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardening","display_name":"Hardening (computing)","score":0.5055761337280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.1396358609199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.11868622899055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09625458717346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.06310546398162842}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6463481783866882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5707414150238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44255700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q978423","display_name":"Hardening (computing)","level":3,"score":0.5055761337280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.1396358609199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.11868622899055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09625458717346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.06310546398162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3503222.3507768","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3503222.3507768","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7538954361","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1850434 CNS-2128703","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514023947","https://openalex.org/W1969501726","https://openalex.org/W2020841721","https://openalex.org/W2022292029","https://openalex.org/W2030906223","https://openalex.org/W2043118292","https://openalex.org/W2055084740","https://openalex.org/W2089448621","https://openalex.org/W2117798902","https://openalex.org/W2119746900","https://openalex.org/W2159059513","https://openalex.org/W2162800072","https://openalex.org/W2297774820","https://openalex.org/W2514974017","https://openalex.org/W2516285678","https://openalex.org/W2530629736","https://openalex.org/W2532962075","https://openalex.org/W2576376563","https://openalex.org/W2612128870","https://openalex.org/W2708310301","https://openalex.org/W2741175893","https://openalex.org/W2768096314","https://openalex.org/W2792247670","https://openalex.org/W2888445849","https://openalex.org/W2891688103","https://openalex.org/W2925915943","https://openalex.org/W2948273719","https://openalex.org/W2969712114","https://openalex.org/W2969920946","https://openalex.org/W2991611768","https://openalex.org/W3008498533","https://openalex.org/W3023141480","https://openalex.org/W3033117380","https://openalex.org/W3033425067","https://openalex.org/W3043236449","https://openalex.org/W3103342397","https://openalex.org/W3106588244","https://openalex.org/W3113108440","https://openalex.org/W3155424504","https://openalex.org/W3166956180"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Embedded":[0],"systems":[1,33,89],"have":[2,45],"become":[3],"prominent":[4],"targets":[5,200],"for":[6,123,190,213],"cyberattacks.":[7],"To":[8],"exploit":[9],"firmware\u2019s":[10,104],"memory":[11,152],"corruption":[12],"vulnerabilities,":[13],"cybercriminals":[14],"harvest":[15],"reusable":[16,71,255],"code":[17,63,177,250,256],"gadgets":[18,257],"from":[19,141],"the":[20,67,75,195,248,265],"large":[21],"shared":[22,105,142,211],"library":[23,82,98,176],"codebase":[24],"(e.g.,":[25,103,220],"uClibc).":[26],"Unfortunately,":[27],"unlike":[28],"their":[29],"desktop":[30],"counterparts,":[31],"embedded":[32,88],"lack":[34],"essential":[35],"computing":[36],"resources":[37],"to":[38,64,86,133,159,173,209],"enforce":[39],"security":[40],"hardening":[41],"techniques.":[42],"Recently,":[43],"we":[44,115,193],"witnessed":[46],"a":[47,53,128,156,226],"surge":[48],"of":[49,69,74,197],"software":[50],"debloating":[51,83,99,260],"as":[52],"new":[54,157],"defense":[55],"mechanism":[56],"against":[57],"code-reuse":[58],"attacks;":[59],"it":[60,245],"erases":[61],"unused":[62,138,204],"significantly":[65],"diminish":[66],"possibilities":[68],"constructing":[70],"gadgets.":[72],"Because":[73],"single":[76],"firmware":[77,218,230],"image":[78],"update":[79],"style,":[80],"static":[81,97,266],"shows":[84],"promise":[85],"fortify":[87],"without":[90,146],"compromising":[91],"performance":[92],"and":[93,135,201,223,225,252],"forward":[94],"compatibility.":[95],"However,":[96],"on":[100],"stripped":[101],"binaries":[102],"libraries)":[106],"is":[107,120],"still":[108],"an":[109,168],"enormous":[110],"challenge.":[111],"In":[112],"this":[113,118],"paper,":[114],"show":[116,234],"that":[117,178,235],"challenge":[119,196],"not":[121,236],"insurmountable":[122],"MIPS":[124],"firmware.":[125,184],"We":[126,154,206],"develop":[127],"novel":[129],"system,":[130],"named":[131],"uTrimmer,":[132],"identify":[134,160],"wipe":[136],"out":[137],"basic":[139],"blocks":[140],"libraries\u2019":[143],"binary":[144],"code,":[145,192],"causing":[147],"additional":[148],"runtime":[149],"overhead":[150],"or":[151],"consumption.":[153],"propose":[155],"method":[158],"address-taken":[161],"blocks/functions,":[162],"which":[163],"further":[164],"help":[165],"us":[166],"maintain":[167],"inter-procedural":[169],"control":[170],"flow":[171],"graph":[172],"conservatively":[174],"include":[175],"could":[179],"be":[180],"potentially":[181],"used":[182],"by":[183],"By":[185],"capturing":[186],"address":[187],"access":[188],"patterns":[189],"position-independent":[191],"circumvent":[194],"determining":[198],"code-pointer":[199],"safely":[202],"eliminate":[203,253],"code.":[205],"run":[207],"uTrimmer":[208,239],"debloat":[210],"libraries":[212],"SPEC":[214],"CPU2017":[215],"benchmarks,":[216],"popular":[217],"applications":[219],"Apache,":[221],"BusyBox,":[222],"OpenSSL),":[224],"real-world":[227],"wireless":[228],"router":[229],"image.":[231],"Our":[232],"experiments":[233],"only":[237],"does":[238],"deliver":[240],"functional":[241],"programs,":[242],"but":[243],"also":[244],"can":[246,262],"cut":[247],"exposed":[249],"surface":[251],"various":[254],"remarkably.":[258],"uTrimmer\u2019s":[259],"capability":[261],"compete":[263],"with":[264],"linking":[267],"results.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
