{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214900841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3503181.3503191","title":"Practices of Using Blockchain Technology in e-Learning","display_name":"Practices of Using Blockchain Technology in e-Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214900841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3503181.3503191"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3503181.3503191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3503181.3503191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"5th International Conference on Crowd Science and Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100748932","display_name":"Jun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5926-5391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba-NTU Singapore Joint Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and Joint SDU-NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C-FAIR), Shandong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba-NTU Singapore Joint Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and Joint SDU-NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C-FAIR), Shandong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356457","display_name":"Bei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9555-4545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud Intelligence, Alibaba Group, China and Alibaba-NTU Singapore Joint Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud Intelligence, Alibaba Group, China and Alibaba-NTU Singapore Joint Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872","https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101414718","display_name":"Lizhen Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-8883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lizhen Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint SDU-NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C-FAIR), Shandong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint SDU-NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C-FAIR), Shandong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100382077","display_name":"Chunyan Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0300-3448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyan Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100748932"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9278,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89187572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"55","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifelong-learning","display_name":"Lifelong learning","score":0.6605154275894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6432043313980103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.6246419548988342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credibility","display_name":"Credibility","score":0.5664345026016235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate","display_name":"Certificate","score":0.5210213661193848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certification","display_name":"Certification","score":0.5168981552124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4318382740020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"Higher education","score":0.4286080002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.4270949959754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.4190804362297058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.41415128111839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2689177989959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.23278754949569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.13841378688812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.1277698576450348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.12009575963020325}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108771440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q368475","display_name":"Lifelong learning","level":2,"score":0.6605154275894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6432043313980103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.6246419548988342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.5664345026016235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96865113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2946816","display_name":"Certificate","level":2,"score":0.5210213661193848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.5168981552124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4318382740020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.4286080002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.4270949959754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.4190804362297058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.41415128111839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2689177989959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.23278754949569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13841378688812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.1277698576450348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12009575963020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3503181.3503191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3503181.3503191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"5th International Conference on Crowd Science and Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2768296159","https://openalex.org/W2781869656","https://openalex.org/W2896711834","https://openalex.org/W2898316910","https://openalex.org/W3012101741","https://openalex.org/W3022498608","https://openalex.org/W3039137470","https://openalex.org/W3041659712","https://openalex.org/W3083401920","https://openalex.org/W3093621818","https://openalex.org/W3101398912","https://openalex.org/W3120134172","https://openalex.org/W3128982029","https://openalex.org/W3130973024","https://openalex.org/W3164157849","https://openalex.org/W3182431863"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257","https://openalex.org/W2799059781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"COVID-19":[1],"pandemic":[2],"has":[3,48],"led":[4],"online":[5,116],"learning":[6,92],"mode":[7,47],"to":[8,24,69],"be":[9],"extremely":[10],"popular":[11],"all":[12],"over":[13],"the":[14,25,39,42,45,53,71,77],"world.":[15],"It":[16],"is":[17],"conceivable":[18],"that":[19,86],"people":[20],"will":[21],"gradually":[22],"adapt":[23],"convenience":[26],"and":[27,56,104,133],"low-cost":[28],"advantages":[29],"of":[30,41,73,107],"e-learning":[31,46,65,84],"mode,":[32],"even":[33],"for":[34,120],"a":[35,82],"long":[36],"time":[37],"after":[38],"end":[40],"pandemic.":[43],"However,":[44],"relatively":[49],"low":[50],"credibility":[51],"in":[52,76],"traditional":[54],"academic":[55,108],"degree":[57,95],"certification":[58],"education":[59,78,117,136],"system.":[60,137],"Applying":[61],"blockchain":[62],"technology":[63],"on":[64],"system":[66,75],"can":[67,87,111],"help":[68,113],"solve":[70],"lack":[72],"credit":[74,118],"field.":[79],"We":[80],"propose":[81],"blockchain-enhanced":[83],"ecosystem":[85],"provide":[88],"functions":[89],"such":[90,126],"as":[91,127],"behavior":[93],"recording,":[94],"certificate":[96],"verificating,":[97],"courseware":[98],"resource":[99],"protecting,":[100],"transaction":[101],"book":[102],"tracking,":[103],"cross-institutional":[105],"recognizing":[106],"qualifications,":[109],"which":[110],"effectively":[112],"build":[114],"an":[115],"system,":[119],"some":[121],"major":[122],"educational":[123],"application":[124],"scenarios,":[125],"inter-institutional":[128],"lifelong":[129],"education,":[130,132],"inter-disciplinary":[131],"modern":[134],"vocational":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}