{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285346620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3502814.3502824","title":"An Optical Tracking System with Defaced Marker Detection","display_name":"An Optical Tracking System with Defaced Marker Detection","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285346620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3502814.3502824"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3502814.3502824","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3502814.3502824","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 4th International Conference on Sensors, Signal and Image Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106710434","display_name":"Yu Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3201-7638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhao Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038454699","display_name":"Ruidi Ou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruidi Ou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004696916","display_name":"Xiaoming Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology,School of Life Science,, Beijing Institute of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology,School of Life Science,, Beijing Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085936638","display_name":"Jingfan Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4857-6490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingfan Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100643476","display_name":"Jian Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1250-6319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"204","issue":null,"first_page":"60","last_page":"65"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6137989163398743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiducial-marker","display_name":"Fiducial marker","score":0.6036557555198669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5920319557189941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5668137073516846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5448139309883118}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6137989163398743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173974348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469893","display_name":"Fiducial marker","level":2,"score":0.6036557555198669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5920319557189941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5668137073516846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5448139309883118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3502814.3502824","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3502814.3502824","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 4th International Conference on Sensors, Signal and Image Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4281070967","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFC0119300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995756857","https://openalex.org/W2046983479","https://openalex.org/W2065686227","https://openalex.org/W2095614026","https://openalex.org/W2161591779","https://openalex.org/W2215690602","https://openalex.org/W2280299134","https://openalex.org/W2726774297","https://openalex.org/W2890026739","https://openalex.org/W2945489297","https://openalex.org/W2971851026","https://openalex.org/W4233988482"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398","https://openalex.org/W2775347418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"tracking":[1,34],"systems":[2],"(OTSs)":[3],"have":[4],"been":[5],"widely":[6],"used":[7,128],"in":[8,25,43],"clinical":[9],"practice":[10],"to":[11,71,80,88,107,129,139],"fulfill":[12],"the":[13,26,31,61,77,90,117,131,140],"high":[14],"precision":[15],"needs":[16],"of":[17,36,97,121,135],"contemporary":[18],"surgery.":[19],"The":[20,92],"markers":[21,63,78,133],"that":[22],"are":[23],"defaced":[24,62,111,132],"production":[27],"or":[28,49],"surgery":[29],"reduce":[30],"accuracy":[32],"and":[33,125],"range":[35],"OTS.":[37,141],"This":[38],"effect":[39],"was":[40],"not":[41],"considered":[42],"current":[44],"products":[45],"from":[46],"either":[47],"industry":[48],"academia.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52],"paper,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"an":[56],"OTS":[57,99,122],"which":[58,103],"can":[59,126],"detect":[60],"automatically.":[64],"A":[65,110],"stereo":[66],"camera":[67],"module":[68],"is":[69,86,104,123],"set":[70],"track":[72],"surgical":[73],"instruments":[74],"by":[75],"locating":[76],"affixed":[79],"them.":[81],"An":[82],"adaptive":[83],"threshold":[84],"approach":[85],"suggested":[87],"locate":[89],"markers.":[91],"typical":[93],"fiducial":[94],"localization":[95],"error":[96],"our":[98],"reaches":[100],"0.28":[101],"mm,":[102],"totally":[105],"comparable":[106],"commercial":[108],"devices.":[109],"marker":[112],"detection":[113],"method":[114],"based":[115],"on":[116],"luminous":[118],"energy":[119],"model":[120],"proposed":[124],"be":[127],"recognize":[130],"regardless":[134],"their":[136],"relative":[137],"positions":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
