{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220777158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3502491","title":"Armada: Automated Verification of Concurrent Code with Sound Semantic Extensibility","display_name":"Armada: Automated Verification of Concurrent Code with Sound Semantic Extensibility","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220777158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3502491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3502491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3502491","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3502491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41449414","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","issn_l":"0164-0925","issn":["0164-0925","1558-4593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3502491","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048541406","display_name":"Jacob R. Lorch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-2769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jacob R. Lorch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100725678","display_name":"Yixuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8659-8493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083609711","display_name":"Manos Kapritsos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4368-7418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manos Kapritsos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011059777","display_name":"Haojun Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2155-4809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojun Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048461894","display_name":"Bryan Parno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9113-1684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan Parno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072464909","display_name":"Shaz Qadeer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108985","display_name":"Bellevue Hospital Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01ky34z31","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283621791","https://openalex.org/I4210086933","https://openalex.org/I4210108985"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140527","display_name":"California Institute for Biomedical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04r28v857","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140527"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaz Qadeer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Calibra, Bellevue, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Calibra, Bellevue, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108985","https://openalex.org/I4210140527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006077391","display_name":"Upamanyu Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5446-3284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Upamanyu Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101839396","display_name":"James R. Wilcox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3182-2093"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James R. Wilcox","raw_affiliation_strings":["Certora, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Certora, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054845063","display_name":"Xueyuan Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueyuan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048541406"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.467,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57565967,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"39"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9012666940689087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.7917503118515015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extensibility","display_name":"Extensibility","score":0.6455330848693848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pointer","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","score":0.5366202592849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5181968808174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"Concurrency","score":0.4998443126678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.488071084022522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.41763538122177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12258872389793396}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9012666940689087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.7917503118515015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32833848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115054","display_name":"Extensibility","level":2,"score":0.6455330848693848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150202949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107602","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","level":2,"score":0.5366202592849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5181968808174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193702766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414548","display_name":"Concurrency","level":2,"score":0.4998443126678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.488071084022522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.41763538122177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12258872389793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3502491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3502491","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3502491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41449414","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","issn_l":"0164-0925","issn":["0164-0925","1558-4593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/146479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/146479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3502491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3502491","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3502491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41449414","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","issn_l":"0164-0925","issn":["0164-0925","1558-4593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G101112439","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellow","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306151","funder_display_name":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1343555096","display_name":"FMitF: Track I: Automating the Verification of Distributed Systems","funder_award_id":"2018915","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6894402473","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7143676625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1700521","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8300720798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1700521","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306151","display_name":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/052csg198"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316785","display_name":"VMware","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220777158.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220777158.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W971186954","https://openalex.org/W1480909796","https://openalex.org/W1525350307","https://openalex.org/W1545681762","https://openalex.org/W1552367747","https://openalex.org/W1552921094","https://openalex.org/W1606177908","https://openalex.org/W1965662337","https://openalex.org/W2001738739","https://openalex.org/W2072062729","https://openalex.org/W2090551028","https://openalex.org/W2095762545","https://openalex.org/W2095770127","https://openalex.org/W2130427425","https://openalex.org/W2131135493","https://openalex.org/W2132107743","https://openalex.org/W2132761501","https://openalex.org/W2141607910","https://openalex.org/W2150224578","https://openalex.org/W2168704035","https://openalex.org/W2278011425","https://openalex.org/W2564852534","https://openalex.org/W2596377803","https://openalex.org/W2768537380","https://openalex.org/W2780286008","https://openalex.org/W2798365728","https://openalex.org/W2883180298","https://openalex.org/W2901454403","https://openalex.org/W2982041059","https://openalex.org/W3011177614","https://openalex.org/W3021404837","https://openalex.org/W3034158217","https://openalex.org/W3127084637","https://openalex.org/W4239018153","https://openalex.org/W4246094892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1948607442","https://openalex.org/W4247766898","https://openalex.org/W2044615423","https://openalex.org/W2361584951","https://openalex.org/W3004004161","https://openalex.org/W31122515","https://openalex.org/W2365327041","https://openalex.org/W4244765761","https://openalex.org/W4225348249","https://openalex.org/W1965724121"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Safely":[0],"writing":[1],"high-performance":[2],"concurrent":[3,104],"programs":[4,23],"is":[5],"notoriously":[6],"difficult.":[7],"To":[8,60],"aid":[9],"developers,":[10],"we":[11,101,110],"introduce":[12],"Armada,":[13,100],"a":[14,29,33,68],"language":[15,31],"and":[16,32,46,67,79,89,107],"tool":[17],"designed":[18],"to":[19,41,115],"formally":[20],"verify":[21,102],"such":[22],"with":[24,94],"relatively":[25],"little":[26],"effort.":[27],"Via":[28],"C-like":[30],"small-step,":[34],"state-machine-based":[35],"semantics,":[36],"Armadagives":[37],"developers":[38],"the":[39],"flexibility":[40],"choose":[42],"arbitrary":[43],"memory":[44],"layout":[45],"synchronization":[47],"primitives":[48],"so":[49],"that":[50,109,116],"they":[51],"are":[52,86],"never":[53],"constrained":[54],"in":[55],"their":[56],"pursuit":[57],"of":[58,70,83,117],"performance.":[59],"reduce":[61],"developer":[62],"effort,":[63],"Armadaleverages":[64],"SMT-powered":[65],"automation":[66],"library":[69],"powerful":[71],"reasoning":[72],"techniques,":[73],"including":[74],"rely-guarantee,":[75],"TSO":[76],"elimination,":[77],"reduction,":[78],"pointer":[80],"analysis.":[81],"All":[82],"these":[84],"techniques":[85],"proven":[87],"sound,":[88],"Armadacan":[90],"be":[91],"soundly":[92],"extended":[93],"additional":[95],"strategies":[96],"over":[97],"time.":[98],"Using":[99],"five":[103],"case":[105],"studies":[106],"show":[108],"can":[111],"achieve":[112],"performance":[113],"equivalent":[114],"unverified":[118],"code.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
