{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206834996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498710","title":"Provably correct, asymptotically efficient, higher-order reverse-mode automatic differentiation","display_name":"Provably correct, asymptotically efficient, higher-order reverse-mode automatic differentiation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206834996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498710"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3498710","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498710","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3498710","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3498710","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057517600","display_name":"Faustyna Krawiec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2410-7454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faustyna Krawiec","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2410-7454","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027817074","display_name":"Simon Peyton Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6085-1435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Peyton Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6085-1435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085047206","display_name":"Neel Krishnaswami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-5865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neel Krishnaswami","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-5865","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078172160","display_name":"T. M. R. Ellis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4894-6770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom Ellis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4894-6770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082913747","display_name":"Richard A. Eisenberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7669-9781"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard A. Eisenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tweag, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7669-9781","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tweag, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018851970","display_name":"Andrew Fitzgibbon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-660X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Fitzgibbon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-660X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7646,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90017794,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"POPL","first_page":"1","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9715999960899353,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9563999772071838,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.8254847526550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6979013681411743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-differentiation","display_name":"Automatic differentiation","score":0.6820786595344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6110184788703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argument","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","score":0.5209197402000427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.4961150586605072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.486198365688324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4428393244743347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.43744349479675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.43595030903816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.38474011421203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2022690773010254}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.8254847526550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6979013681411743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133512626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787371","display_name":"Automatic differentiation","level":3,"score":0.6820786595344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6110184788703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5209197402000427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.4961150586605072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.486198365688324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4428393244743347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.43744349479675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.43595030903816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.38474011421203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2022690773010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3498710","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498710","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3498710","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/334648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/334648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.17863/cam.82066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.82066","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050737","display_name":"Apollo","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3498710","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498710","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3498710","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","display_name":"Microsoft Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206834996.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206834996.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W302561940","https://openalex.org/W1591846509","https://openalex.org/W1965256357","https://openalex.org/W1967058818","https://openalex.org/W1997143185","https://openalex.org/W2058760524","https://openalex.org/W2111795230","https://openalex.org/W2127114597","https://openalex.org/W2156468295","https://openalex.org/W2295743822","https://openalex.org/W2478429860","https://openalex.org/W2914196042","https://openalex.org/W2966177220","https://openalex.org/W2988918532","https://openalex.org/W3007691352","https://openalex.org/W3021448353","https://openalex.org/W3098464136","https://openalex.org/W3115524557","https://openalex.org/W3118180050","https://openalex.org/W3122093772","https://openalex.org/W3123526065","https://openalex.org/W3148154580","https://openalex.org/W4255562162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2329520840","https://openalex.org/W2072806201","https://openalex.org/W2024218563","https://openalex.org/W1517743118","https://openalex.org/W2965845133","https://openalex.org/W3027839006","https://openalex.org/W2991052287","https://openalex.org/W2281090687","https://openalex.org/W1670831115","https://openalex.org/W1602178951"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,37],"this":[1,52],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,46],"give":[4],"a":[5,40,61],"simple":[6],"and":[7,21,25,54],"efficient":[8],"implementation":[9,50],"of":[10,33,43,51,60],"reverse-mode":[11],"automatic":[12],"differentiation,":[13],"which":[14],"both":[15],"extends":[16],"easily":[17],"to":[18,39],"higher-order":[19],"functions,":[20],"has":[22],"run":[23,31],"time":[24,32],"memory":[26],"consumption":[27],"linear":[28],"in":[29],"the":[30,34,44],"original":[35],"program.":[36],"addition":[38],"formal":[41],"description":[42],"translation,":[45],"also":[47],"describe":[48],"an":[49],"algorithm,":[53],"prove":[55],"its":[56],"correctness":[57],"by":[58],"means":[59],"logical":[62],"relations":[63],"argument.":[64]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T08:55:40.977307","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}