{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045664039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498325","title":"Exact and Practical Pattern Matching for Quantum Circuit Optimization","display_name":"Exact and Practical Pattern Matching for Quantum Circuit Optimization","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045664039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498325","mag":"3045664039"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3498325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170170","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing","issn_l":"2643-6809","issn":["2643-6809","2643-6817"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.05270","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040810573","display_name":"Raban Iten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5332-5093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raban Iten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011405694","display_name":"Romain Moyard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0837-6451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Romain Moyard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055932754","display_name":"Tony Metger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-8100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Metger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000275259","display_name":"David Sutter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-8888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126328","display_name":"IBM Research - Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02js37d36","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Sutter","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Quantum, IBM Research Europe \u2013 Zurich, Switzerland and Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Quantum, IBM Research Europe \u2013 Zurich, Switzerland and Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126328","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085105920","display_name":"Stefan Woerner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5945-4707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126328","display_name":"IBM Research - Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02js37d36","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Woerner","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Quantum, IBM Research Europe \u2013 Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Quantum, IBM Research Europe \u2013 Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040810573"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2779,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94722894,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-circuit","display_name":"Quantum circuit","score":0.7815259099006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.7095064520835876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.631899356842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6290242671966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-gate","display_name":"Quantum gate","score":0.598146915435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.49496549367904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-phase-estimation-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum phase estimation algorithm","score":0.42412126064300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-error-correction","display_name":"Quantum error correction","score":0.4155810475349426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.41352757811546326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.34074780344963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14851197600364685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.1269058883190155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.7815259099006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.7095064520835876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.631899356842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6290242671966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58849907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118982","display_name":"Quantum gate","level":4,"score":0.598146915435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.49496549367904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192122513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835770","display_name":"Quantum phase estimation algorithm","level":5,"score":0.42412126064300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51003876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536431","display_name":"Quantum error correction","level":4,"score":0.4155810475349426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.41352757811546326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.34074780344963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14851197600364685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1269058883190155}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3498325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170170","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing","issn_l":"2643-6809","issn":["2643-6809","2643-6817"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1909.05270","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.05270","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.05270","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1909.05270","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.05270","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.05270","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8963509774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"200020-165843","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307762","display_name":"International Business Machines Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321652","display_name":"Eidgen\u00f6ssische Technische Hochschule Z\u00fcrich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492999010","https://openalex.org/W1605974080","https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W1669113757","https://openalex.org/W2036265926","https://openalex.org/W2036838159","https://openalex.org/W2040175558","https://openalex.org/W2063803513","https://openalex.org/W2068339789","https://openalex.org/W2077595226","https://openalex.org/W2084652510","https://openalex.org/W2110587578","https://openalex.org/W2116385615","https://openalex.org/W2125125126","https://openalex.org/W2126359798","https://openalex.org/W2128013840","https://openalex.org/W2133163108","https://openalex.org/W2134152592","https://openalex.org/W2149071737","https://openalex.org/W2155163387","https://openalex.org/W2158108453","https://openalex.org/W2160493781","https://openalex.org/W2765753692","https://openalex.org/W2781738013","https://openalex.org/W2918135161","https://openalex.org/W2935143734","https://openalex.org/W3023478445","https://openalex.org/W3100931082","https://openalex.org/W3105080542","https://openalex.org/W3111297213","https://openalex.org/W4288379302","https://openalex.org/W4297730318","https://openalex.org/W6637059054","https://openalex.org/W6761011114","https://openalex.org/W6912284476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3203856319","https://openalex.org/W4375959436","https://openalex.org/W4385310265","https://openalex.org/W4281550036","https://openalex.org/W2037426566","https://openalex.org/W2916307283","https://openalex.org/W4300979534","https://openalex.org/W4384615858","https://openalex.org/W1986555820","https://openalex.org/W4376983350"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"computations":[1],"are":[2],"typically":[3],"performed":[4],"as":[5],"a":[6,52,64,90,109,173],"sequence":[7],"of":[8,67,104,119,172],"basic":[9],"operations,":[10],"called":[11,17,108],"quantum":[12,18,25,30,48,58,68,82,94,120,175,186],"gates.":[13,121],"Different":[14],"gate":[15,31,170],"sequences,":[16],"circuits,":[19],"can":[20,61,181],"implement":[21],"the":[22,38,45,73,105,113,127,169],"same":[23],"overall":[24],"computation.":[26],"Since":[27],"every":[28],"additional":[29],"takes":[32],"time":[33],"and":[34,92,140,180],"introduces":[35],"noise":[36,71],"into":[37],"system,":[39],"it":[40],"is":[41,86,141],"important":[42,77],"to":[43,99,144],"find":[44,100],"smallest":[46],"possible":[47],"circuit":[49,83,148,165,176],"that":[50,60,134,158,188],"implements":[51],"given":[53,89],"computation,":[54],"especially":[55],"for":[56,80,131,147,151],"near-term":[57,152],"devices":[59],"execute":[62],"only":[63],"limited":[65],"number":[66],"gates":[69],"before":[70],"renders":[72],"computation":[74],"useless.":[75],"An":[76],"building":[78],"block":[79],"many":[81],"optimization":[84,166],"techniques":[85,167],"pattern":[87,110,132],"matching:":[88],"large":[91,114],"small":[93,106],"circuit,":[95,107,115],"we":[96,125],"would":[97],"like":[98],"all":[101,137],"maximal":[102,138],"matches":[103,139],",":[111],"in":[112],"considering":[116],"pairwise":[117],"commutation":[118],"In":[122],"this":[123],"work,":[124],"present":[126],"first":[128],"classical":[129],"algorithm":[130,161],"matching":[133],"provably":[135],"finds":[136],"efficient":[142],"enough":[143],"be":[145],"practical":[146],"sizes":[149],"typical":[150],"devices.":[153],"We":[154],"demonstrate":[155],"numerically":[156],"1":[157],"combining":[159],"our":[160],"with":[162,192],"known":[163],"pattern-matching-based":[164],"reduces":[168],"count":[171],"random":[174],"by":[177],"\u223c":[178],"30%":[179],"further":[182],"improve":[183],"practically":[184],"relevant":[185],"circuits":[187],"were":[189],"already":[190],"optimized":[191],"state-of-the-art":[193],"techniques.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}