{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3205172184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491265","title":"User Perceptions of Security and Privacy for Group Chat","display_name":"User Perceptions of Security and Privacy for Group Chat","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3205172184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491265","mag":"3205172184"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3491265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491265","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3491265","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235901","display_name":"Digital Threats Research and Practice","issn_l":"2576-5337","issn":["2576-5337","2692-1626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3491265","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049863244","display_name":"Sean Oesch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-1022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Oesch","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063182889","display_name":"Ruba Abu-Salma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5316-9956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruba Abu-Salma","raw_affiliation_strings":["King\u2019s College London, London, UK","King's College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King\u2019s College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002585174","display_name":"Oumar Diallo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oumar Diallo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061353492","display_name":"Juliane Kr\u00e4mer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-4215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juliane Kr\u00e4mer","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113436902","display_name":"James C. Simmons","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Simmons","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071085955","display_name":"Justin Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","display_name":"Brigham Young University","ror":"https://ror.org/047rhhm47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090929608","display_name":"Scott Ruoti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6917-4186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Ruoti","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5254,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87477677,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.773008406162262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6283004879951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.6030310988426208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chat-room","display_name":"Chat room","score":0.526104748249054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.46190696954727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.45396125316619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4400826692581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.2051275670528412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.18209046125411987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.14063215255737305}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.773008406162262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6283004879951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.6030310988426208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777352073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574577","display_name":"Chat room","level":3,"score":0.526104748249054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.46190696954727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.45396125316619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4400826692581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2051275670528412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.18209046125411987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.14063215255737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3491265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491265","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3491265","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235901","display_name":"Digital Threats Research and Practice","issn_l":"2576-5337","issn":["2576-5337","2692-1626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3491265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491265","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3491265","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235901","display_name":"Digital Threats Research and Practice","issn_l":"2576-5337","issn":["2576-5337","2692-1626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1756198982","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SFB 1119-236615297","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G191511322","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SFB 1119\u2014236615297","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4158655670","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SFB 1119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6343502828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"236615297","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205172184.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205172184.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140624466","https://openalex.org/W1782407090","https://openalex.org/W1820095901","https://openalex.org/W1972940641","https://openalex.org/W1998771435","https://openalex.org/W2010591119","https://openalex.org/W2013962473","https://openalex.org/W2025811442","https://openalex.org/W2041786654","https://openalex.org/W2054829028","https://openalex.org/W2065618844","https://openalex.org/W2071393163","https://openalex.org/W2094587706","https://openalex.org/W2118518941","https://openalex.org/W2152309982","https://openalex.org/W2155490532","https://openalex.org/W2156055852","https://openalex.org/W2515044897","https://openalex.org/W2550898138","https://openalex.org/W2722360008","https://openalex.org/W2768128413","https://openalex.org/W2857352146","https://openalex.org/W2914927888","https://openalex.org/W2937339343","https://openalex.org/W2969632906","https://openalex.org/W3123431768","https://openalex.org/W4238241388","https://openalex.org/W4239053228","https://openalex.org/W4239496300","https://openalex.org/W4246774680","https://openalex.org/W4249564164","https://openalex.org/W4255122578","https://openalex.org/W4300388644","https://openalex.org/W6632809928","https://openalex.org/W6638116057"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389670110","https://openalex.org/W2187546663","https://openalex.org/W2429057255","https://openalex.org/W148745890","https://openalex.org/W2611942503","https://openalex.org/W4315621326","https://openalex.org/W2899790217","https://openalex.org/W1576092969","https://openalex.org/W2598865957","https://openalex.org/W2524154428"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Secure":[0],"messaging":[1],"tools":[2,92,144,172],"are":[3,47,93],"an":[4],"integral":[5],"part":[6],"of":[7,45,128,194],"modern":[8],"society.":[9],"To":[10,112],"understand":[11,114],"users\u2019":[12],"security":[13,40,191],"and":[14,17,30,41,62,72,95,107,156,179,192],"privacy":[15,42],"perceptions":[16,178],"requirements":[18],"for":[19,68,89,101,132,168],"secure":[20,94,195],"group":[21,36,64,70,110,135,170,196],"chat,":[22],"we":[23,122,185],"surveyed":[24],"996":[25],"respondents":[26,86],"in":[27,50,78,149,159],"the":[28,190],"US":[29],"UK.":[31],"Our":[32,138],"results":[33,117,139],"show":[34],"that":[35,75,85,141,173],"chat":[37,80,136,171],"presents":[38],"important":[39],"challenges,":[43],"some":[44,146],"which":[46,91],"not":[48],"present":[49],"one-to-one":[51],"chat.":[52,197],"For":[53],"example,":[54,105],"users":[55],"need":[56,167],"to":[57,60,119],"be":[58],"able":[59],"manage":[61],"monitor":[63],"membership,":[65],"establish":[66],"trust":[67],"new":[69],"members,":[71],"filter":[73],"content":[74],"they":[76],"share":[77],"different":[79],"contexts.":[81],"We":[82],"also":[83],"find":[84],"lack":[87],"mechanisms":[88],"determining":[90],"instead":[96],"rely":[97],"on":[98,182,188],"non-technical":[99],"strategies":[100],"protecting":[102],"their":[103],"privacy\u2014for":[104],"self-filtering":[106],"carefully":[108],"tracking":[109],"membership.":[111],"better":[113,174],"how":[115],"these":[116,183],"relate":[118],"existing":[120,143],"tools,":[121],"conduct":[123],"cognitive":[124],"walkthroughs":[125],"(a":[126],"form":[127],"expert":[129],"usability":[130,193],"review)":[131],"five":[133],"popular":[134],"tools.":[137],"demonstrate":[140],"while":[142],"address":[145],"items":[147],"identified":[148],"our":[150],"surveys,":[151],"this":[152],"support":[153],"is":[154,157,165],"partial":[155],"insufficient":[158],"many":[160],"cases.":[161],"As":[162],"such,":[163],"there":[164],"a":[166],"improved":[169],"align":[175],"with":[176],"user":[177],"requirements.":[180],"Based":[181],"findings,":[184],"provide":[186],"recommendations":[187],"improving":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}