{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293261952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3489517.3530497","title":"DeepGate","display_name":"DeepGate","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293261952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3489517.3530497"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3489517.3530497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3489517.3530497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608816","display_name":"Proceedings of the 59th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 59th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400776","display_name":"Min Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2273-9503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053618435","display_name":"Sadaf Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2618-6718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadaf Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045490329","display_name":"Zhengyuan Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyuan Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039148137","display_name":"Nai\u2010Xing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9520-3254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160618","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/056gzgs71","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210160618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naixing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002101589","display_name":"Yu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7930-9056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160618","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/056gzgs71","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210160618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160618"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088556682","display_name":"Qiang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6747-126X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":29.9586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9977662,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"667","last_page":"672"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7328264117240906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-function","display_name":"Boolean function","score":0.5299193859100342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5168009996414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.48530930280685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4851997196674347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.46551063656806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.45139381289482117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-bias","display_name":"Inductive bias","score":0.45065048336982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.4421650469303131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.42652827501296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-design-automation","display_name":"Electronic design automation","score":0.4129628837108612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.40590423345565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.35761070251464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3294069170951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-task-learning","display_name":"Multi-task learning","score":0.31336086988449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.28799968957901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1399637758731842}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7328264117240906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187455244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942353","display_name":"Boolean function","level":2,"score":0.5299193859100342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5168009996414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.48530930280685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4851997196674347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.46551063656806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.45139381289482117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197352929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074074","display_name":"Inductive bias","level":4,"score":0.45065048336982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.4421650469303131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.42652827501296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64260653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194864","display_name":"Electronic design automation","level":2,"score":0.4129628837108612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.40590423345565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.35761070251464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3294069170951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28006648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934509","display_name":"Multi-task learning","level":3,"score":0.31336086988449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.28799968957901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1399637758731842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3489517.3530497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3489517.3530497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608816","display_name":"Proceedings of the 59th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 59th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528837436","https://openalex.org/W2992137891","https://openalex.org/W3092027164","https://openalex.org/W3198659451","https://openalex.org/W4234199418"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3104240813","https://openalex.org/W3209042722","https://openalex.org/W1505595614","https://openalex.org/W1587378402","https://openalex.org/W2281006184","https://openalex.org/W1614862348","https://openalex.org/W2118204198","https://openalex.org/W1504819273","https://openalex.org/W2310147103","https://openalex.org/W1516016159"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Applying":[0],"deep":[1],"learning":[2,78,108,136],"(DL)":[3],"techniques":[4],"in":[5,117,132],"the":[6,65,114,146],"electronic":[7],"design":[8],"automation":[9],"(EDA)":[10],"field":[11],"has":[12,55],"become":[13],"a":[14,47,75,90,122],"trending":[15],"topic.":[16],"Most":[17],"solutions":[18],"apply":[19],"well-developed":[20],"DL":[21],"models":[22],"to":[23,45],"solve":[24],"specific":[25],"EDA":[26],"problems.":[27],"While":[28],"demonstrating":[29],"promising":[30],"results,":[31],"they":[32],"require":[33],"careful":[34],"model":[35],"tuning":[36],"for":[37,107,138],"every":[38],"problem.":[39,71],"The":[40],"fundamental":[41],"question":[42],"on":[43,94],"\"How":[44],"obtain":[46],"general":[48],"and":[49,86,109,148],"effective":[50],"neural":[51,125],"representation":[52,77],"of":[53,89,151],"circuits?\"":[54],"not":[56],"been":[57],"answered":[58],"yet.":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61,70],"work,":[62],"we":[63,98],"take":[64],"first":[66],"step":[67],"towards":[68],"solving":[69],"We":[72,119],"propose":[73,99],"DeepGate,":[74],"novel":[76,123],"solution":[79],"that":[80,127],"effectively":[81],"embeds":[82],"both":[83],"logic":[84],"function":[85],"structural":[87],"information":[88],"circuit":[91],"as":[92,113,135],"vectors":[93],"each":[95],"gate.":[96],"Specifically,":[97],"transforming":[100],"circuits":[101,134],"into":[102],"unified":[103],"and-inverter":[104],"graph":[105,124],"format":[106],"using":[110],"signal":[111,139],"probabilities":[112],"supervision":[115],"task":[116],"DeepGate.":[118,152],"then":[120],"introduce":[121],"network":[126],"uses":[128],"strong":[129],"inductive":[130],"biases":[131],"practical":[133],"priors":[137],"probability":[140],"prediction.":[141],"Our":[142],"experimental":[143],"results":[144],"show":[145],"efficacy":[147],"generalization":[149],"capability":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2022-08-27T00:00:00"}