{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4212940914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3488560.3498457","title":"Identifying Cost-effective Debunkers for Multi-stage Fake News Mitigation Campaigns","display_name":"Identifying Cost-effective Debunkers for Multi-stage Fake News Mitigation Campaigns","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4212940914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3488560.3498457"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3488560.3498457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3488560.3498457","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608885","display_name":"Proceedings of the Fifteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fifteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.16854","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101453596","display_name":"Xiaofei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9492-0312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101668440","display_name":"Ke Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1008-2498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021983750","display_name":"Xiuzhen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5558-3790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuzhen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101453596"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6366,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90799562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1206","last_page":"1214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7701757550239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/publication","display_name":"Publication","score":0.636987566947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greedy-algorithm","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","score":0.596672773361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5923053026199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5589630603790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5368355512619019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.5348175168037415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fake-news","display_name":"Fake news","score":0.4831237494945526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.2585597634315491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.244656503200531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.19134652614593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.14373672008514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10319480299949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.08851373195648193}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7701757550239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41458344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732577","display_name":"Publication","level":2,"score":0.636987566947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51823790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504353","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","level":2,"score":0.596672773361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5923053026199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5589630603790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5368355512619019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5348175168037415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779756789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28549308","display_name":"Fake news","level":2,"score":0.4831237494945526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.2585597634315491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.244656503200531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.19134652614593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.14373672008514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10319480299949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.08851373195648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3488560.3498457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3488560.3498457","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608885","display_name":"Proceedings of the Fifteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fifteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2203.16854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2203.16854","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.16854","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27591441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Identifying_Cost-effective_Debunkers_for_Multi-stage_Fake_News_Mitigation_Campaigns/27591441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2203.16854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2203.16854","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.16854","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2835471241","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP200101441","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018335545","https://openalex.org/W2069849731","https://openalex.org/W2101645017","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2281420995","https://openalex.org/W2435064600","https://openalex.org/W2467174000","https://openalex.org/W2509830164","https://openalex.org/W2569260160","https://openalex.org/W2582561810","https://openalex.org/W2599221428","https://openalex.org/W2734450483","https://openalex.org/W2742330194","https://openalex.org/W2791530986","https://openalex.org/W2798611956","https://openalex.org/W2809476703","https://openalex.org/W2912269676","https://openalex.org/W2936655406","https://openalex.org/W2945799318","https://openalex.org/W2949377321","https://openalex.org/W2949813784","https://openalex.org/W2965248888","https://openalex.org/W2978981822","https://openalex.org/W2982591719","https://openalex.org/W3022767249","https://openalex.org/W3097617925","https://openalex.org/W3118416113","https://openalex.org/W3122471732","https://openalex.org/W4250050336","https://openalex.org/W4287831021"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387497383","https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2935909890","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W3128275854"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Online":[0],"social":[1,32,38,80,170],"networks":[2,33,171],"have":[3,19],"become":[4],"a":[5,55,132,138,154],"fertile":[6],"ground":[7],"for":[8,65],"spreading":[9],"fake":[10,16,98,114],"news.":[11],"Methods":[12],"to":[13,45,67,85,97],"automatically":[14],"mitigate":[15],"news":[17,91,99,115],"propagation":[18,49],"been":[20],"proposed.":[21],"Some":[22],"studies":[23,53],"focus":[24,61],"on":[25,31,62,166],"selecting":[26],"top":[27],"k":[28],"influential":[29],"users":[30,95],"as":[34,50,72,131],"debunkers,":[35],"but":[36,71],"the":[37,89,112,148,158],"influence":[39,81],"of":[40,58,182],"debunkers":[41,59,66,73,119,149],"may":[42,92,104],"not":[43,93],"translate":[44],"wide":[46],"mitigation":[47,102,116,160,183],"information":[48],"expected.":[51],"Other":[52],"assume":[54],"given":[56],"set":[57],"and":[60,100,136,168,172],"optimizing":[63],"intensity":[64,84],"publish":[68],"true":[69,87,90],"news,":[70,88],"are":[74,120],"fixed,":[75],"even":[76],"if":[77],"with":[78],"high":[79,83],"and/or":[82],"post":[86],"reach":[94],"exposed":[96],"therefore":[101],"effect":[103],"be":[105,151],"limited.":[106],"In":[107],"this":[108],"paper,":[109],"we":[110],"propose":[111,137],"multi-stage":[113],"campaign":[117],"where":[118],"dynamically":[121],"selected":[122,152],"within":[123],"budget":[124],"at":[125],"each":[126],"stage.":[127],"We":[128,162],"formulate":[129],"it":[130],"reinforcement":[133],"learning":[134],"problem":[135],"greedy":[139],"algorithm":[140],"optimized":[141],"by":[142],"predicting":[143],"future":[144],"states":[145],"so":[146],"that":[147,156,174],"can":[150],"in":[153,180],"way":[155],"maximizes":[157],"overall":[159],"effect.":[161,184],"conducted":[163],"extensive":[164],"experiments":[165],"synthetic":[167],"real-world":[169],"show":[173],"our":[175],"solution":[176],"outperforms":[177],"state-of-the-art":[178],"baselines":[179],"terms":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}