{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3214390759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3488042.3490508","title":"Stepwise Help and Scaffolding for Java Code Tracing Problems With an Interactive Trace Table","display_name":"Stepwise Help and Scaffolding for Java Code Tracing Problems With an Interactive Trace Table","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3214390759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3488042.3490508","mag":"3214390759"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3488042.3490508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3488042.3490508","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039839782","display_name":"Zak Risha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3724-8646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zak Risha","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001255539","display_name":"Jordan Barria-Pineda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4961-4818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jordan Barria-Pineda","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028915960","display_name":"Kamil Akh\u00fcseyino\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7761-9755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamil Akhuseyinoglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037674585","display_name":"Peter Brusilovsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1902-1464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Brusilovsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84570805,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8401203155517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.8373868465423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.8131110668182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.7846978902816772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/table","display_name":"Table (database)","score":0.763422966003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5143150091171265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5113491415977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.505791187286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4375225901603699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2144259512424469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.1700391173362732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8401203155517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.8373868465423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.8131110668182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.7846978902816772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.763422966003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5143150091171265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5113491415977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.505791187286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4375225901603699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2144259512424469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.1700391173362732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3488042.3490508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3488042.3490508","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1991115044","display_name":"Collaborative Research: CSEdPad: Investigating and Scaffolding Students' Mental Models during Computer Programming Tasks to Improve Learning, Engagement, and Retention","funder_award_id":"1822752","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1409368275","https://openalex.org/W1514405275","https://openalex.org/W1517725046","https://openalex.org/W1788054970","https://openalex.org/W1984964495","https://openalex.org/W1995864528","https://openalex.org/W1999782281","https://openalex.org/W2030538107","https://openalex.org/W2042200273","https://openalex.org/W2099273059","https://openalex.org/W2109188485","https://openalex.org/W2112564774","https://openalex.org/W2116782019","https://openalex.org/W2125804505","https://openalex.org/W2125829696","https://openalex.org/W2136208491","https://openalex.org/W2141176783","https://openalex.org/W2147275720","https://openalex.org/W2155416760","https://openalex.org/W2165365113","https://openalex.org/W2208472146","https://openalex.org/W2216374816","https://openalex.org/W2237600160","https://openalex.org/W2246775628","https://openalex.org/W2322804696","https://openalex.org/W2606747632","https://openalex.org/W2626601384","https://openalex.org/W2729115344","https://openalex.org/W2748908871","https://openalex.org/W2770661422","https://openalex.org/W2790195820","https://openalex.org/W2896120360","https://openalex.org/W2951855880","https://openalex.org/W2963654382","https://openalex.org/W2966150097","https://openalex.org/W3015277188","https://openalex.org/W3021942713","https://openalex.org/W3034086986","https://openalex.org/W3039376843","https://openalex.org/W3147653952","https://openalex.org/W4241368069"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888673113","https://openalex.org/W2056065966","https://openalex.org/W2115308562","https://openalex.org/W2789571330","https://openalex.org/W4299652732","https://openalex.org/W2963744171","https://openalex.org/W2362901774","https://openalex.org/W2133304975","https://openalex.org/W4248091533","https://openalex.org/W1515178292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,81],"describe":[4],"the":[5,53,57,90],"integration":[6],"of":[7,46,64,89],"a":[8,43,61],"step-by-step":[9],"interactive":[10,91],"trace":[11,24,58,92],"table":[12,59,93],"into":[13],"an":[14,86],"existing":[15],"practice":[16],"system":[17],"for":[18,30,85],"introductory":[19],"Java":[20],"programming.":[21],"These":[22],"autogenerated":[23],"problems":[25],"provide":[26],"help":[27],"and":[28,71,73],"scaffolding":[29,54],"students":[31],"who":[32],"have":[33],"trouble":[34],"in":[35,69],"solving":[36],"traditional":[37],"one-step":[38],"code":[39],"tracing":[40],"problems,":[41],"accommodating":[42],"wider":[44],"variety":[45],"learners.":[47],"Findings":[48],"from":[49],"classroom":[50],"deployments":[51],"suggest":[52],"provided":[55],"by":[56],"is":[60],"plausible":[62],"form":[63],"help,":[65],"most":[66],"notably":[67],"increases":[68],"performance":[70],"persistence":[72],"lower":[74],"task":[75],"difficulty.":[76],"Based":[77],"on":[78,95],"usage":[79],"data,":[80],"propose":[82],"future":[83],"implications":[84],"adaptive":[87],"version":[88],"based":[94],"learner":[96],"modeling.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}