{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213090177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481357.3481514","title":"Nudge or Restraint: How do People Assess Nudging in Cybersecurity - A Representative Study in Germany","display_name":"Nudge or Restraint: How do People Assess Nudging in Cybersecurity - A Representative Study in Germany","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213090177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481357.3481514","mag":"3213090177"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3481357.3481514","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481357.3481514","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 European Symposium on Usable Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020787391","display_name":"Katrin Hartwig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4875-0110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technical University of Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katrin Hartwig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\ufffd\ufffdt Darmstadt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\ufffd\ufffdt Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026464027","display_name":"Christian Reuter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1920-038X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technical University of Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Reuter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\ufffd\ufffdt Darmstadt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\ufffd\ufffdt Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020787391"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0338,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92498614,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"141","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11542","display_name":"Behavioral Health and Interventions","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nudge-theory","display_name":"Nudge theory","score":0.9721246957778931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6571826934814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5854256749153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.46199798583984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4501053988933563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3697301149368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3661826252937317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.18834787607192993}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8858961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7068367","display_name":"Nudge theory","level":2,"score":0.9721246957778931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6571826934814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5854256749153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.46199798583984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4501053988933563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3697301149368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3661826252937317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.18834787607192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3481357.3481514","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481357.3481514","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 European Symposium on Usable Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:129397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/129397/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Konferenzver\u00f6ffentlichung"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6343502828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"236615297","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321961","display_name":"Hessisches Ministerium f\u00fcr Wissenschaft und Kunst","ror":"https://ror.org/00zd5gr55"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71887310","https://openalex.org/W143386018","https://openalex.org/W1993938397","https://openalex.org/W2061604051","https://openalex.org/W2111052604","https://openalex.org/W2148901089","https://openalex.org/W2211083916","https://openalex.org/W2545457694","https://openalex.org/W2610414453","https://openalex.org/W2746002892","https://openalex.org/W2769708592","https://openalex.org/W2779527666","https://openalex.org/W2793087089","https://openalex.org/W2798782357","https://openalex.org/W2805989997","https://openalex.org/W2826749337","https://openalex.org/W2914696884","https://openalex.org/W2955240751","https://openalex.org/W3123910219","https://openalex.org/W3125542462","https://openalex.org/W3160942992","https://openalex.org/W3169705897","https://openalex.org/W4235316990","https://openalex.org/W4250678488"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2990973546","https://openalex.org/W2530972340","https://openalex.org/W2941211423","https://openalex.org/W3113184602","https://openalex.org/W3016892531","https://openalex.org/W3013148268","https://openalex.org/W2773127827","https://openalex.org/W4224758975","https://openalex.org/W3081077019","https://openalex.org/W107495730"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"nudging":[1,111,122],"is":[2,49],"a":[3,96],"long-established":[4],"instrument":[5],"in":[6,17,57,92,99,112,123],"many":[7],"contexts,":[8,73],"it":[9,48],"has":[10],"more":[11],"recently":[12],"emerged":[13],"to":[14,51,59,67],"be":[15],"relevant":[16],"cybersecurity":[18,124],"as":[19,40,42,75,125,133,140],"well.":[20,141],"For":[21],"instance,":[22],"existing":[23],"research":[24],"suggests":[25],"nudges":[26,36,56],"for":[27],"stronger":[28],"passwords":[29],"or":[30],"safe":[31],"WiFi":[32],"connections.":[33],"However,":[34],"those":[35],"are":[37],"often":[38],"not":[39],"effective":[41],"desired.":[43],"To":[44,88],"improve":[45],"their":[46,108],"effectiveness,":[47],"crucial":[50],"understand":[52],"how":[53],"people":[54,106],"assess":[55],"cybersecurity,":[58,93],"address":[60,89],"potential":[61],"fears":[62],"and":[63,66,137],"resulting":[64],"reactance":[65],"facilitate":[68],"voluntary":[69],"compliance.":[70],"In":[71],"other":[72],"such":[74,132],"the":[76,84],"health":[77],"sector,":[78],"studies":[79],"have":[80],"already":[81],"thoroughly":[82],"explored":[83],"attitude":[85,109],"towards":[86,110],"nudging.":[87],"that":[90,113,119],"matter":[91],"we":[94],"conducted":[95],"representative":[97],"study":[98],"Germany":[100],"(N":[101],"=":[102],"1,":[103],"012),":[104],"asking":[105],"about":[107],"specific":[114],"context.":[115],"Our":[116],"findings":[117],"reveal":[118],"64%":[120],"rated":[121],"helpful,":[126],"however":[127],"several":[128],"participants":[129],"expected":[130],"risks":[131],"intentional":[134],"misguidance,":[135],"manipulation":[136],"data":[138],"exposure":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}