{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194398812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3480467","title":"<scp>Desire</scp> : Leveraging the Best of Centralized and Decentralized Contact Tracing Systems","display_name":"<scp>Desire</scp> : Leveraging the Best of Centralized and Decentralized Contact Tracing Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194398812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3480467","mag":"3194398812"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3480467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3480467","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3480467","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235901","display_name":"Digital Threats Research and Practice","issn_l":"2576-5337","issn":["2576-5337","2692-1626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3480467","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031657772","display_name":"Antoine Boutet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4057-416X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100532134","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1","ror":"https://ror.org/029brtt94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I203339264"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48430043","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Lyon","ror":"https://ror.org/050jn9y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoine Boutet","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, Inria, CITI, Lyon, France","PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4057-416X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, Inria, CITI, Lyon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043","https://openalex.org/I100532134"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066888184","display_name":"Claude Castelluccia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claude Castelluccia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inria, France","PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061912261","display_name":"Mathieu Cunche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0066-8612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100532134","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1","ror":"https://ror.org/029brtt94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I203339264"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48430043","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Lyon","ror":"https://ror.org/050jn9y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathieu Cunche","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, Inria, CITI, Lyon, France","PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, Inria, CITI, Lyon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043","https://openalex.org/I100532134"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107564727","display_name":"C\u00e9dric Lauradou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C\u00e9dric Lauradou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inria, France","PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079448499","display_name":"Vincent Roca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2980-281X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Roca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inria, France","PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041298625","display_name":"Adrien Baud","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrien Baud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inria, France","PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PRIVATICS - Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (Centre de Recherche Inria \r\n655, avenue de l'Europe \r\n38334 Saint Ismier Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112820851","display_name":"Pierre-Guillaume Raverdy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du num\u00e9rique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre-Guillaume Raverdy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inria, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7627,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8042657,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12943","display_name":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-tracing","display_name":"Contact tracing","score":0.8539588451385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.7625478506088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.7391880750656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.696533739566803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6250501871109009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5887815356254578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-information-retrieval","display_name":"Private information retrieval","score":0.43889886140823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.4067499041557312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.22469407320022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15377911925315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.0823620855808258}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113162765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128437","display_name":"Contact tracing","level":5,"score":0.8539588451385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.7625478506088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.7391880750656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.696533739566803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6250501871109009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5887815356254578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99221444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532069","display_name":"Private information retrieval","level":2,"score":0.43889886140823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.4067499041557312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.22469407320022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15377911925315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0823620855808258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3480467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3480467","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3480467","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235901","display_name":"Digital Threats Research and Practice","issn_l":"2576-5337","issn":["2576-5337","2692-1626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03476799v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-03476799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice, 2022, 3 (3), pp.1-20. &#x27E8;10.1145/3480467&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3480467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3480467","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3480467","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235901","display_name":"Digital Threats Research and Practice","issn_l":"2576-5337","issn":["2576-5337","2692-1626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194398812.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194398812.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1820210258","https://openalex.org/W1978183200","https://openalex.org/W2030214288","https://openalex.org/W2115240023","https://openalex.org/W2156186849","https://openalex.org/W2607842021","https://openalex.org/W2761138375","https://openalex.org/W2962702554","https://openalex.org/W3016091473","https://openalex.org/W3024800642","https://openalex.org/W3025818308","https://openalex.org/W3028836119","https://openalex.org/W3030358118","https://openalex.org/W3033045416","https://openalex.org/W3036422000","https://openalex.org/W3037521276","https://openalex.org/W3037943094","https://openalex.org/W3040720680","https://openalex.org/W3093148635","https://openalex.org/W3095263192","https://openalex.org/W3110455211","https://openalex.org/W3115784317","https://openalex.org/W3125444352","https://openalex.org/W3174126115","https://openalex.org/W4214931895","https://openalex.org/W4255648054","https://openalex.org/W4287775750","https://openalex.org/W4300915622","https://openalex.org/W4381739157","https://openalex.org/W6776684748","https://openalex.org/W6787173626"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220926637","https://openalex.org/W2362681120","https://openalex.org/W2376320007","https://openalex.org/W4376643979","https://openalex.org/W3130225502","https://openalex.org/W3158100496","https://openalex.org/W3206978831","https://openalex.org/W2170160357","https://openalex.org/W4287554683","https://openalex.org/W2012140923"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contact":[0],"tracing":[1,37,114],"in":[2,197],"case":[3],"of":[4,63,104,147,181,188],"pandemic":[5],"is":[6,150],"becoming":[7],"an":[8,132],"essential":[9],"mitigation":[10],"tool":[11],"for":[12],"national":[13],"health":[14],"services":[15],"to":[16,59,111,152],"break":[17],"infection":[18],"chains":[19],"and":[20,52,65,106,140,184,200],"prevent":[21,60],"the":[22,61,102,127,143,148,160],"virus":[23],"from":[24],"spreading":[25],"further.":[26],"To":[27],"support":[28],"manual":[29],"tracing,":[30],"several":[31,53],"countries":[32],"have":[33,56],"been":[34,57],"developing":[35],"contact":[36,113],"apps":[38],"that":[39,100,129,171],"detect":[40],"nearby":[41],"mobile":[42],"phones":[43],"using":[44,76],"Bluetooth.":[45],"Such":[46],"data":[47],"collection":[48],"raised":[49],"privacy":[50,167,175],"concerns":[51],"privacy-preserving":[54],"protocols":[55],"proposed":[58],"leakage":[62],"personal":[64],"sensitive":[66],"information.":[67],"These":[68],"solutions":[69],"are":[70],"mainly":[71],"divided":[72],"into":[73],"two":[74,135],"categories":[75],"a":[77,80,95],"centralized":[78,105],"or":[79],"decentralized":[81,107,182],"exposure":[82,97],"score":[83],"computation.":[84],"However,":[85],"both":[86],"approaches":[87],"depict":[88],"limitations.":[89],"This":[90],"article":[91],"presents":[92],"Desire":[93,116,172,193],",":[94,194],"novel":[96],"notification":[98],"system":[99],"leverages":[101,117],"best":[103],"systems.":[108],"As":[109],"opposed":[110],"existing":[112],"schemes,":[115],"Private":[118],"Encounter":[119],"Tokens":[120],"(":[121],"Pets":[122],")":[123],"generated":[124,155],"locally":[125],"on":[126],"device":[128],"uniquely":[130],"identify":[131],"encounter":[133],"between":[134],"nodes":[136],"while":[137],"being":[138],"private":[139],"unlinkable":[141],"by":[142,156,163],"server.":[144],"The":[145],"role":[146],"server":[149],"merely":[151],"match":[153],"PETs":[154],"diagnosed":[157],"users":[158,178],"with":[159],"pets":[161],"provided":[162],"requesting":[164],"users.":[165],"Our":[166],"risk":[168],"analysis":[169],"shows":[170],"drastically":[173],"improves":[174],"against":[176],"malicious":[177],"(i.e.,":[179,186],"limitation":[180,187],"systems)":[183],"authority":[185],"centralised":[189],"systems).":[190],"We":[191],"implemented":[192],"evaluated":[195],"it":[196,202],"real":[198],"condition,":[199],"show":[201],"feasibility.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2021-08-30T00:00:00"}