{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204393347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3479569","title":"Discovering and Validating AI Errors With Crowdsourced Failure Reports","display_name":"Discovering and Validating AI Errors With Crowdsourced Failure Reports","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204393347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3479569","mag":"3204393347"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3479569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3479569","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3479569","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3479569","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060162507","display_name":"\u00c1ngel Alexander Cabrera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0348-3362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u00c1ngel Alexander Cabrera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047416511","display_name":"Abraham J. Druck","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abraham J. Druck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090310268","display_name":"Jason Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9856-9654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason I. Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053097987","display_name":"Adam Perer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8369-3847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Perer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060162507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1584,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97977154,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"CSCW2","first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7155433893203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affordance","display_name":"Affordance","score":0.6691098213195801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.606558084487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5166642665863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.4923752546310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.45904725790023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.44788405299186707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-analytics","display_name":"Visual analytics","score":0.41361016035079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2663380801677704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.2608668804168701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.2320306897163391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1925501823425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0774863064289093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7155433893203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.6691098213195801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.606558084487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5166642665863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.4923752546310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.45904725790023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.44788405299186707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59732488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528440","display_name":"Visual analytics","level":3,"score":0.41361016035079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2663380801677704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2608668804168701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.2320306897163391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1925501823425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0774863064289093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3479569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3479569","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3479569","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.11690","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.11690","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.11690","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3479569","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3479569","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3479569","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1725833531","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-2040942","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2584449986","display_name":"Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP)","funder_award_id":"1745016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4723327940","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2040942","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4863571209","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-1745016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6894402473","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3204393347.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3204393347.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544268587","https://openalex.org/W1819662813","https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W2000122588","https://openalex.org/W2009681737","https://openalex.org/W2017956424","https://openalex.org/W2028138594","https://openalex.org/W2040090977","https://openalex.org/W2053107307","https://openalex.org/W2084939613","https://openalex.org/W2089703868","https://openalex.org/W2094485533","https://openalex.org/W2095709152","https://openalex.org/W2096598529","https://openalex.org/W2133286915","https://openalex.org/W2139270835","https://openalex.org/W2149423951","https://openalex.org/W2156186295","https://openalex.org/W2158133897","https://openalex.org/W2159513729","https://openalex.org/W2160517961","https://openalex.org/W2164577291","https://openalex.org/W2167630669","https://openalex.org/W2184059664","https://openalex.org/W2186564154","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2398018337","https://openalex.org/W2399257786","https://openalex.org/W2404161646","https://openalex.org/W2440722286","https://openalex.org/W2512274390","https://openalex.org/W2568262903","https://openalex.org/W2583689529","https://openalex.org/W2753137392","https://openalex.org/W2757656223","https://openalex.org/W2775082202","https://openalex.org/W2788428929","https://openalex.org/W2788481061","https://openalex.org/W2789415069","https://openalex.org/W2808428617","https://openalex.org/W2810918175","https://openalex.org/W2884061367","https://openalex.org/W2889326414","https://openalex.org/W2897154134","https://openalex.org/W2903994599","https://openalex.org/W2922234936","https://openalex.org/W2949858875","https://openalex.org/W2952602496","https://openalex.org/W2953937638","https://openalex.org/W2962900737","https://openalex.org/W2963125461","https://openalex.org/W2963373020","https://openalex.org/W2963483561","https://openalex.org/W2963684088","https://openalex.org/W2964064379","https://openalex.org/W2969670093","https://openalex.org/W2972788276","https://openalex.org/W3006437051","https://openalex.org/W3012736183","https://openalex.org/W3014403705","https://openalex.org/W3023725133","https://openalex.org/W3094217062","https://openalex.org/W3097078376","https://openalex.org/W3099361686","https://openalex.org/W3121480429","https://openalex.org/W3122175177","https://openalex.org/W4211017739","https://openalex.org/W4238998169","https://openalex.org/W4288083516","https://openalex.org/W4288359825","https://openalex.org/W4295315578","https://openalex.org/W4399584083","https://openalex.org/W6600185353"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3032998312","https://openalex.org/W135177976","https://openalex.org/W4384486036","https://openalex.org/W1503094549","https://openalex.org/W2337920774","https://openalex.org/W4286908577","https://openalex.org/W2062940763","https://openalex.org/W2186032312","https://openalex.org/W2937343495","https://openalex.org/W4360833258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AI":[0,66,100],"systems":[1],"can":[2,61,84,132],"fail":[3],"to":[4,9,31,64,86],"learn":[5],"important":[6],"behaviors,":[7],"leading":[8],"real-world":[10,117],"issues":[11],"like":[12],"safety":[13],"concerns":[14],"and":[15,34,39,57,71,88,95,110],"biases.":[16],"Discovering":[17],"these":[18],"systematic":[19,90],"failures":[20],"often":[21],"requires":[22],"significant":[23],"developer":[24],"attention,":[25],"from":[26,126],"hypothesizing":[27],"potential":[28],"edge":[29],"cases":[30],"collecting":[32,123],"evidence":[33],"validating":[35],"patterns.":[36],"To":[37],"scale":[38],"streamline":[40],"this":[41],"process,":[42],"we":[43,102,120],"introduce":[44],"crowdsourced":[45],"failure":[46,80,114],"reports,":[47],"end-user":[48],"descriptions":[49],"of":[50,106,113],"how":[51,59,122],"or":[52],"why":[53],"a":[54,74],"model":[55,134],"failed,":[56],"show":[58,121],"developers":[60,83,131],"use":[62,85],"them":[63],"detect":[65],"errors.":[67],"We":[68],"also":[69],"design":[70],"implement":[72],"Deblinder,":[73],"visual":[75],"analytics":[76],"system":[77,109],"for":[78],"synthesizing":[79],"reports":[81,115],"that":[82],"discover":[87],"validate":[89],"failures.":[91],"In":[92],"semi-structured":[93],"interviews":[94],"think-aloud":[96],"studies":[97],"with":[98],"10":[99],"practitioners,":[101],"explore":[103],"the":[104,107,111,127],"affordances":[105],"Deblinder":[108],"applicability":[112],"in":[116],"settings.":[118],"Lastly,":[119],"additional":[124],"data":[125],"groups":[128],"identified":[129],"by":[130],"improve":[133],"performance.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}