{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202048373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3478684.3479246","title":"Emergent design challenges for embedded systems and paths forward","display_name":"Emergent design challenges for embedded systems and paths forward","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202048373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3478684.3479246","mag":"3202048373"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3478684.3479246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3478684.3479246","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051064456","display_name":"Siva Satyendra Sahoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-5350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siva Satyendra Sahoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755285","display_name":"Akash Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7125-1737"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akash Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078564808","display_name":"Martin D\u011bck\u00fd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9988-5819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166625","display_name":"Huawei German Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00z59w514","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353","https://openalex.org/I4210166625"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Decky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dresden Research Center of Huawei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dresden Research Center of Huawei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166625"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058260298","display_name":"Samuel Chang Bing Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5314-1259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel C. B. Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001556143","display_name":"Geoff V. Merrett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-3894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoff V. Merrett","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075413791","display_name":"Yinyuan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-4590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinyuan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404538","display_name":"Jiachen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3676-2299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiachen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045326324","display_name":"Xiaohang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-5643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060848060","display_name":"Amit Kumar Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2056-0569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amit Kumar Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Essex"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Essex","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8396,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79098326,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.719053328037262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5972518920898438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-criticality","display_name":"Mixed criticality","score":0.5387659072875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-design","display_name":"Systems design","score":0.520317792892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.5111289620399475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-of-systems","display_name":"System of systems","score":0.5101759433746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.44304144382476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-system","display_name":"Complex system","score":0.42738598585128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.41457685828208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.37139931321144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.362615168094635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3417907953262329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criticality","display_name":"Criticality","score":0.3309117257595062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.16676470637321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1519363820552826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.719053328037262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5972518920898438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781124451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6883956","display_name":"Mixed criticality","level":3,"score":0.5387659072875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31352089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474","display_name":"Systems design","level":2,"score":0.520317792892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5111289620399475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87912763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7663737","display_name":"System of systems","level":3,"score":0.5101759433746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.44304144382476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47822265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854457","display_name":"Complex system","level":2,"score":0.42738598585128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.41457685828208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37139931321144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.362615168094635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3417907953262329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125611927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008131","display_name":"Criticality","level":2,"score":0.3309117257595062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.16676470637321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1519363820552826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3478684.3479246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3478684.3479246","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1869911828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CARCH201916","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","funder_display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G476874815","display_name":"\u7247\u4e0a\u70ed\u9690\u853d\u4fe1\u9053\u653b\u51fb\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61971200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G710463541","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P010164/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W220935706","https://openalex.org/W2047531244","https://openalex.org/W2066867661","https://openalex.org/W2090445739","https://openalex.org/W2106075707","https://openalex.org/W2117590013","https://openalex.org/W2122912905","https://openalex.org/W2129950790","https://openalex.org/W2130593958","https://openalex.org/W2136310957","https://openalex.org/W2153794195","https://openalex.org/W2289689155","https://openalex.org/W2314654415","https://openalex.org/W2346555444","https://openalex.org/W2347014634","https://openalex.org/W2568810519","https://openalex.org/W2590858232","https://openalex.org/W2761242776","https://openalex.org/W2792261600","https://openalex.org/W2794259430","https://openalex.org/W2794513934","https://openalex.org/W2798507687","https://openalex.org/W2885363694","https://openalex.org/W2898228837","https://openalex.org/W2899041047","https://openalex.org/W2900576211","https://openalex.org/W2914835729","https://openalex.org/W2944942025","https://openalex.org/W2949683808","https://openalex.org/W2968713519","https://openalex.org/W2977922014","https://openalex.org/W2984507209","https://openalex.org/W2987383153","https://openalex.org/W3013222071","https://openalex.org/W3038851368","https://openalex.org/W3090894941","https://openalex.org/W3092410459","https://openalex.org/W3098152798","https://openalex.org/W3100070682","https://openalex.org/W3106446221","https://openalex.org/W3133415722","https://openalex.org/W3136923161","https://openalex.org/W3200788958","https://openalex.org/W4297923216","https://openalex.org/W4300870429"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094268420","https://openalex.org/W2792616578","https://openalex.org/W2148226105","https://openalex.org/W2911168022","https://openalex.org/W2165918565","https://openalex.org/W2964152390","https://openalex.org/W2766371801","https://openalex.org/W1925528056","https://openalex.org/W1593186088","https://openalex.org/W2798782508"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"embedded":[1,73,158],"systems":[2,30,43,54,74,86,120],"need":[3],"to":[4,23,90],"cater":[5],"for":[6,26,33,45,57,107],"several":[7],"needs":[8,22],"depending":[9],"upon":[10],"the":[11,37,70,126,135,141],"application":[12],"domain":[13],"in":[14,75,99,103,125],"which":[15],"they":[16],"are":[17],"deployed.":[18],"For":[19,67],"example,":[20,68],"mixed-critically":[21],"be":[24],"considered":[25],"real-time":[27],"and":[28,31,48,137],"safety-critical":[29],"energy":[32],"battery-operated":[34],"systems.":[35,93,159],"At":[36],"same":[38],"time,":[39],"many":[40],"of":[41,61,72,140,148],"these":[42,119,145],"demand":[44],"their":[46],"reliability":[47,102],"security":[49,116],"as":[50],"well.":[51],"With":[52],"electronic":[53],"being":[55],"used":[56],"increasingly":[58,76],"varying":[59,83],"type":[60],"applications,":[62],"novel":[63],"challenges":[64,89,124,142],"have":[65],"emerged.":[66],"with":[69,82],"use":[71],"complex":[77],"applications":[78],"that":[79],"execute":[80],"tasks":[81],"priorities,":[84],"mixed-criticality":[85],"present":[87],"unique":[88],"designing":[91,152],"reliable":[92,155],"The":[94],"large":[95],"design":[96,150],"space":[97],"involved":[98],"implementing":[100],"cross-layer":[101],"heterogeneous":[104],"systems,":[105,109],"particularly":[106],"mixed-critical":[108],"poses":[110],"new":[111],"research":[112],"problems.":[113],"Further,":[114],"malicious":[115],"attacks":[117],"on":[118,165],"pose":[121],"additional":[122],"extraordinary":[123],"system":[127,149],"design.":[128],"In":[129],"this":[130],"paper,":[131],"we":[132],"cover":[133],"both":[134],"industry":[136],"academia":[138],"perspectives":[139],"posed":[143],"by":[144],"emergent":[146],"aspects":[147],"towards":[151],"high-performance,":[153],"energy-efficient,":[154],"and/or":[156],"secure":[157],"We":[160],"also":[161],"provide":[162],"our":[163],"views":[164],"paths":[166],"forward.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}