{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200340358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3478536","title":"Bounded Verification of Multi-threaded Programs via Lazy Sequentialization","display_name":"Bounded Verification of Multi-threaded Programs via Lazy Sequentialization","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200340358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3478536"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3478536","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3478536","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3478536","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41449414","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","issn_l":"0164-0925","issn":["0164-0925","1558-4593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3478536","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036578213","display_name":"Omar Inverso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9348-1979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150763","display_name":"Gran Sasso Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/043qcb444","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210150763"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Omar Inverso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gran Sasso Science Institute, L\u2019Aquila (AQ), Italy","Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gran Sasso Science Institute, L\u2019Aquila (AQ), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150763"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057952024","display_name":"Ermenegildo Tomasco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7118-5968"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ermenegildo Tomasco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agenzia delle Entrate, Vallo della Lucania (SA), Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agenzia delle Entrate, Vallo della Lucania (SA), Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082741874","display_name":"Bernd Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1815-218X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernd Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078894561","display_name":"Salvatore La Torre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-4307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore La Torre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048623277","display_name":"Gennaro Parlato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-2980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129627893","display_name":"University of Molise","ror":"https://ror.org/04z08z627","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129627893"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gennaro Parlato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 degli Studi del Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi del Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129627893"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036578213"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150763"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6588,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86529041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9068771600723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"Concurrency","score":0.7705082893371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.6825617551803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondeterministic-algorithm","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","score":0.6815280914306641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.5090265274047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.5073093771934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-checking","display_name":"Model checking","score":0.505537748336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.4800899624824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-consistency","display_name":"Sequential consistency","score":0.44968125224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reachability","display_name":"Reachability","score":0.438618928194046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4045083820819855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency-model","display_name":"Consistency model","score":0.15007686614990234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9068771600723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193702766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414548","display_name":"Concurrency","level":2,"score":0.7705082893371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.6825617551803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176181172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3490301","display_name":"Nondeterministic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6815280914306641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.5090265274047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.5073093771934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.505537748336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.4800899624824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82029504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4373882","display_name":"Sequential consistency","level":4,"score":0.44968125224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136643341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361526","display_name":"Reachability","level":2,"score":0.438618928194046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4045083820819855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37279795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2492305","display_name":"Consistency model","level":3,"score":0.15007686614990234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3478536","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3478536","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3478536","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41449414","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","issn_l":"0164-0925","issn":["0164-0925","1558-4593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3478536","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3478536","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3478536","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41449414","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","issn_l":"0164-0925","issn":["0164-0925","1558-4593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1093520412","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Scholarship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1620949152","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FARB 2019-2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324133","funder_display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Salerno"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2283904425","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M008991/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G404260844","display_name":"CONSEQUENCER: Sequentialization-based Verification of Concurrent Programs with FIFO channels","funder_award_id":"EP/M008991/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4766320739","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-2021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5651458075","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M008991/1 and EP/P022413/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6473949287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GNCS 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334079","funder_display_name":"Gruppo Nazionale per il Calcolo Scientifico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6856064267","display_name":"VAC+: Verifier of Access Control","funder_award_id":"EP/P022413/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7857695521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P022413/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8719353587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311030","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica \"Francesco Severi\"","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx64p53"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320277","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324133","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334079","display_name":"Gruppo Nazionale per il Calcolo Scientifico","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200340358.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200340358.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121297392","https://openalex.org/W139067661","https://openalex.org/W145069693","https://openalex.org/W221832247","https://openalex.org/W349361545","https://openalex.org/W967948971","https://openalex.org/W1029362663","https://openalex.org/W1452568986","https://openalex.org/W1507006488","https://openalex.org/W1519361875","https://openalex.org/W1544533039","https://openalex.org/W1560743762","https://openalex.org/W1562409060","https://openalex.org/W1562679818","https://openalex.org/W1582387102","https://openalex.org/W1592206382","https://openalex.org/W1710734607","https://openalex.org/W1782479956","https://openalex.org/W1875182499","https://openalex.org/W1887412317","https://openalex.org/W1933255669","https://openalex.org/W2004066339","https://openalex.org/W2037683502","https://openalex.org/W2040068897","https://openalex.org/W2044755673","https://openalex.org/W2044772623","https://openalex.org/W2056637671","https://openalex.org/W2080703024","https://openalex.org/W2087046173","https://openalex.org/W2090064527","https://openalex.org/W2091355737","https://openalex.org/W2091879780","https://openalex.org/W2099529102","https://openalex.org/W2114641424","https://openalex.org/W2119142490","https://openalex.org/W2130345641","https://openalex.org/W2143502475","https://openalex.org/W2161246680","https://openalex.org/W2163477945","https://openalex.org/W2243109068","https://openalex.org/W2278821771","https://openalex.org/W2285269242","https://openalex.org/W2293633976","https://openalex.org/W2293874582","https://openalex.org/W2295288655","https://openalex.org/W2296019735","https://openalex.org/W2335911175","https://openalex.org/W2409786345","https://openalex.org/W2427037371","https://openalex.org/W2462305071","https://openalex.org/W2485615711","https://openalex.org/W2497946879","https://openalex.org/W2517404595","https://openalex.org/W2602627431","https://openalex.org/W2613456459","https://openalex.org/W2739030995","https://openalex.org/W2758909434","https://openalex.org/W2885205415","https://openalex.org/W2949558051","https://openalex.org/W2960656136","https://openalex.org/W2999366812","https://openalex.org/W3000063484","https://openalex.org/W3014816578","https://openalex.org/W3017319410","https://openalex.org/W3026878770","https://openalex.org/W3103865259","https://openalex.org/W3137069269","https://openalex.org/W3147646691","https://openalex.org/W4230480080","https://openalex.org/W4236838373","https://openalex.org/W4242397730","https://openalex.org/W4256696816"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152379264","https://openalex.org/W2884574904","https://openalex.org/W1840948097","https://openalex.org/W1824785536","https://openalex.org/W2074070192","https://openalex.org/W2288787028","https://openalex.org/W2274629768","https://openalex.org/W2057057011","https://openalex.org/W2462966030","https://openalex.org/W4318541601"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bounded":[0],"verification":[1,81],"techniques":[2,152],"such":[3],"as":[4,76],"bounded":[5],"model":[6],"checking":[7],"(BMC)":[8],"have":[9],"successfully":[10],"been":[11],"used":[12],"for":[13,56,78,119],"many":[14],"practical":[15],"program":[16,47,52],"analysis":[17],"problems,":[18],"but":[19],"concurrency":[20,132],"still":[21],"poses":[22],"a":[23,28,49,61,161,181],"challenge.":[24],"Here,":[25],"we":[26,159],"describe":[27],"new":[29],"approach":[30],"to":[31,88,144],"BMC":[32,74],"of":[33,67,98,134,164,186],"sequentially":[34],"consistent":[35],"imperative":[36],"programs":[37,148],"that":[38,53],"use":[39],"POSIX":[40],"threads.":[41],"We":[42,69],"first":[43],"translate":[44],"the":[45,65,79,120,131,135,175],"multi-threaded":[46],"into":[48],"nondeterministic":[50],"sequential":[51,80],"preserves":[54],"reachability":[55],"all":[57,150],"round-robin":[58],"schedules":[59],"with":[60],"given":[62],"bound":[63],"on":[64,180],"number":[66],"rounds.":[68],"then":[70],"reuse":[71],"existing":[72],"high-performance":[73],"tools":[75],"backends":[77],"problem.":[82],"Our":[83,113],"translation":[84,118,166],"is":[85,107],"carefully":[86],"designed":[87],"introduce":[89],"very":[90,95,109],"small":[91],"memory":[92],"overheads":[93],"and":[94,106,127,141,167,178,184],"few":[96],"sources":[97],"nondeterminism,":[99],"so":[100],"it":[101],"produces":[102],"tight":[103],"SAT/SMT":[104],"formulae,":[105],"thus":[108],"effective":[110],"in":[111,130,147],"practice:":[112],"Lazy-CSeq":[114],"tool":[115],"implementing":[116],"this":[117,157],"C":[121],"programming":[122],"language":[123],"won":[124],"several":[125],"gold":[126],"silver":[128],"medals":[129],"category":[133],"Software":[136],"Verification":[137],"Competitions":[138],"(SV-COMP)":[139],"2014\u20132021":[140],"was":[142],"able":[143],"find":[145],"errors":[146],"where":[149],"other":[151],"(including":[153],"testing)":[154],"failed.":[155],"In":[156],"article,":[158],"give":[160],"detailed":[162,182],"description":[163],"our":[165,187],"prove":[168],"its":[169,172],"correctness,":[170],"sketch":[171],"implementation":[173],"using":[174],"CSeq":[176],"framework,":[177],"report":[179],"evaluation":[183],"comparison":[185],"approach.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
