{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4284698238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3477495.3531751","title":"Knowledge Graph Question Answering Datasets and Their Generalizability","display_name":"Knowledge Graph Question Answering Datasets and Their Generalizability","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4284698238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3477495.3531751"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3477495.3531751","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3477495.3531751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608773","display_name":"Proceedings of the 45th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 45th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022177067","display_name":"Longquan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7333-2589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longquan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069462779","display_name":"Ricardo Usbeck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0191-7211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Usbeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4531,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83917307,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3209","last_page":"3218"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.9097614288330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8137151002883911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.7328780889511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.5143107175827026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.49990200996398926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4919998347759247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4637466371059418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.44024550914764404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4361419081687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4036717712879181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3820140063762665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.23569318652153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.13047119975090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07445073127746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.073052316904068}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.9097614288330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8137151002883911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.7328780889511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.5143107175827026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.49990200996398926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4919998347759247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4637466371059418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.44024550914764404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4361419081687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4036717712879181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3820140063762665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.23569318652153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.13047119975090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07445073127746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.073052316904068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3477495.3531751","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3477495.3531751","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608773","display_name":"Proceedings of the 45th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 45th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2278131208","https://openalex.org/W2483327705","https://openalex.org/W2566402689","https://openalex.org/W2755637027","https://openalex.org/W2798898418","https://openalex.org/W2887234070","https://openalex.org/W2896499328","https://openalex.org/W2950067395","https://openalex.org/W2964120615","https://openalex.org/W2964236999","https://openalex.org/W2983904909","https://openalex.org/W3018696946","https://openalex.org/W3034999214","https://openalex.org/W3047348753","https://openalex.org/W3100058503","https://openalex.org/W3101035321","https://openalex.org/W3128120479","https://openalex.org/W3134461817","https://openalex.org/W3156366114","https://openalex.org/W3172648852","https://openalex.org/W3176757281","https://openalex.org/W3209273204","https://openalex.org/W4239019441","https://openalex.org/W4365799834"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008630378","https://openalex.org/W2118717649","https://openalex.org/W1958015814","https://openalex.org/W2413243053","https://openalex.org/W410723623","https://openalex.org/W2015341305","https://openalex.org/W4225593417","https://openalex.org/W2035068594","https://openalex.org/W2059783833","https://openalex.org/W2167883292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Existing":[0],"approaches":[1],"on":[2,21,80,134,145],"Question":[3],"Answering":[4],"over":[5],"Knowledge":[6,47],"Graphs":[7,48],"(KGQA)":[8],"have":[9],"weak":[10],"generalizability.":[11,153],"That":[12],"is":[13,88,94,165],"often":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,54,68,98,117,121,160],"the":[17,22,76],"standard":[18],"i.i.d.":[19],"assumption":[20],"underlying":[23],"dataset.":[24],"Recently,":[25],"three":[26,135],"levels":[27],"of":[28],"generalization":[29],"for":[30,44,112],"KGQA":[31,42,62,72,115,136,147],"were":[32],"defined,":[33],"namely":[34],"i.i.d.,":[35],"compositional,":[36],"zero-shot.":[37],"We":[38,50,130],"analyze":[39],"25":[40],"well-known":[41],"datasets":[43,63,77,87,116,148,164],"5":[45],"different":[46],"(KGs).":[49],"show":[51],"that":[52,75],"according":[53],"this":[55,105],"definition":[56],"many":[57],"existing":[58],"and":[59,82,102,127,142,156],"online":[60,166],"available":[61,114,163],"are":[64,78],"either":[65],"not":[66,95],"suited":[67],"train":[69],"a":[70,89,109,157],"generalizable":[71],"system":[73],"or":[74],"based":[79],"discontinued":[81],"out-dated":[83],"KGs.":[84],"Generating":[85],"new":[86],"costly":[90],"process":[91],"and,":[92],"thus,":[93],"an":[96],"alternative":[97],"smaller":[99],"research":[100],"groups":[101],"companies.":[103],"In":[104],"work,":[106],"we":[107],"propose":[108],"mitigation":[110],"method":[111],"re-splitting":[113],"enable":[118],"their":[119],"applicability":[120],"evaluate":[122],"generalization,":[123],"without":[124],"any":[125],"cost":[126],"manual":[128],"effort.":[129],"test":[131],"our":[132],"hypothesis":[133],"datasets,":[137],"i.e.,":[138],"LC-QuAD,":[139],"LC-QuAD":[140],"2.0":[141],"QALD-9).":[143],"Experiments":[144],"re-splitted":[146],"demonstrate":[149],"its":[150],"effectiveness":[151],"towards":[152],"The":[154],"code":[155],"unified":[158],"way":[159],"access":[161],"18":[162],"at":[167],"https://github.com/semantic-systems/KGQA-datasets":[168],"as":[169,171],"well":[170],"https://github.com/semantic-systems/KGQA-datasets-generalization.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}