{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3158138707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3477206.3477444","title":"Area Rate Efficiency in Molecular Communications","display_name":"Area Rate Efficiency in Molecular Communications","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3158138707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3477206.3477444","mag":"3158138707"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3477206.3477444","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3477206.3477444","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eight Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.01590","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018198060","display_name":"Lukas Brand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7247-844X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lukas Brand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany","[Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035817861","display_name":"Sebastian Lotter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1922-2733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Lotter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany","[Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087843323","display_name":"Vahid Jamali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3920-7415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vahid Jamali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033990377","display_name":"Robert Schober","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-4884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Schober","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany","[Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018198060"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04097065,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-communication","display_name":"Molecular communication","score":0.6509736180305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-geometry","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","score":0.6300802826881409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6170690059661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6154325604438782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.6083943843841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5591896772384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5421934127807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4763363003730774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4527556598186493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.4363250732421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.42966189980506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42856547236442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-metric","display_name":"Performance metric","score":0.4265238344669342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.41071727871894836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.29134756326675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27934253215789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.25786325335502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09628373384475708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779767902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17037278","display_name":"Molecular communication","level":4,"score":0.6509736180305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.6300802826881409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6170690059661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6154325604438782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.6083943843841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5591896772384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5421934127807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4763363003730774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4527556598186493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4363250732421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.42966189980506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42856547236442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance metric","level":2,"score":0.4265238344669342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.41071727871894836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.29134756326675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27934253215789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.25786325335502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09628373384475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3477206.3477444","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3477206.3477444","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eight Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2105.01590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.01590","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.01590","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3158138707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/2105.01590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2105.01590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2105.01590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2105.01590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.01590","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.01590","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3158138707.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3158138707.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993138929","https://openalex.org/W2059488492","https://openalex.org/W2063819584","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2168002711","https://openalex.org/W2258585859","https://openalex.org/W2344930338","https://openalex.org/W2609251124","https://openalex.org/W2782623722","https://openalex.org/W2801179766","https://openalex.org/W2808930142","https://openalex.org/W2897153938","https://openalex.org/W2949673699","https://openalex.org/W2962833680","https://openalex.org/W2963873962","https://openalex.org/W3098477036","https://openalex.org/W3100991707","https://openalex.org/W3103313009","https://openalex.org/W3140968660"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201039243","https://openalex.org/W3212324903","https://openalex.org/W2026971659","https://openalex.org/W3103057304","https://openalex.org/W2556534303","https://openalex.org/W1508396808","https://openalex.org/W2604011856","https://openalex.org/W2951282796","https://openalex.org/W1523622035","https://openalex.org/W2982670815","https://openalex.org/W1498610512","https://openalex.org/W3094603675","https://openalex.org/W2963286900","https://openalex.org/W2912412000","https://openalex.org/W2114006517","https://openalex.org/W2939893759","https://openalex.org/W2998934860","https://openalex.org/W3093803178","https://openalex.org/W3023672179","https://openalex.org/W2886907797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,146,243],"consider":[1],"a":[2,35,74,98,143,188,195],"multiuser":[3],"diffusion-based":[4],"molecular":[5],"communication":[6,19],"(MC)":[7],"system":[8,56,77],"where":[9,88],"multiple":[10,80],"spatially":[11,83],"distributed":[12,84],"transmitter":[13],"(TX)-receiver":[14],"(RX)":[15],"pairs":[16],"establish":[17],"point-to-point":[18,85],"links":[20,121],"employing":[21],"the":[22,30,41,44,90,113,123,128,135,152,159,162,166,169,178,184,210,213,255,265,268,272],"same":[23],"type":[24],"of":[25,33,40,65,118,161,168,187,238,254,267],"signaling":[26],"molecules.":[27],"To":[28],"realize":[29],"full":[31],"potential":[32],"such":[34],"system,":[36],"an":[37,59,110,148,174,248],"in-depth":[38],"understanding":[39],"interplay":[42],"between":[43,212],"spatial":[45],"user":[46,214,250],"density":[47,215,251],"and":[48,52,82,92,137,165,183,216,225,233,260,278],"inter-user":[49],"interference":[50],"(IUI)":[51],"its":[53],"impact":[54],"on":[55,104,158],"performance":[57,197],"in":[58,122,236],"asymptotic":[60],"regime":[61],"with":[62,79],"large":[63],"numbers":[64],"users":[66],"is":[67,234],"needed.":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70,105],"paper,":[71],"we":[72,107,126,172,193,200],"adopt":[73],"three-dimensional":[75],"(3-D)":[76],"model":[78],"independent":[81],"transmission":[86,190,232],"links,":[87],"both":[89],"TXs":[91],"RXs":[93,136],"are":[94,228],"positioned":[95],"according":[96],"to":[97,142,202],"regular":[99],"hexagonal":[100],"grid,":[101],"respectively.":[102],"Based":[103],"model,":[106],"first":[108],"derive":[109,147,173],"expression":[111,150,176],"for":[112,134,151,177,230,252,271],"channel":[114,164],"impulse":[115],"responses":[116],"(CIRs)":[117],"all":[119],"TX-RX":[120],"system.":[124],"Then,":[125],"provide":[127],"maximum":[129],"likelihood":[130],"(ML)":[131],"decision":[132],"rule":[133],"show":[138,244],"that":[139,208,245],"it":[140],"reduces":[141],"threshold-based":[144],"detector.":[145],"analytical":[149,175],"corresponding":[153],"detection":[154,275],"threshold":[155],"which":[156,199],"depends":[157],"statistics":[160,167],"MC":[163],"IUI.":[170,217],"Furthermore,":[171],"bit":[179],"error":[180],"rate":[181,186,205],"(BER)":[182],"achievable":[185],"single":[189],"link.":[191],"Finally,":[192],"propose":[194],"new":[196],"metric,":[198],"refer":[201],"as":[203],"area":[204,241],"efficiency":[206],"(ARE),":[207],"captures":[209],"tradeoff":[211],"The":[218],"ARE":[219],"characterizes":[220],"how":[221],"efficiently":[222],"given":[223,235],"TX":[224],"RX":[226],"areas":[227],"used":[229],"information":[231],"terms":[237],"bits":[239],"per":[240],"unit.":[242],"there":[246],"exists":[247],"optimal":[249,274],"maximization":[253],"ARE.":[256,279],"Results":[257],"from":[258],"particle-based":[259],"Monte":[261],"Carlo":[262],"simulations":[263],"validate":[264],"accuracy":[266],"expressions":[269],"derived":[270],"CIR,":[273],"threshold,":[276],"BER,":[277]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T14:59:36.786465","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
