{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4228999597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3476883.3520212","title":"Phase space power analysis for PC-based rootkit detection","display_name":"Phase space power analysis for PC-based rootkit detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4228999597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3476883.3520212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3476883.3520212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3476883.3520212","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Southeast Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041066365","display_name":"J. Todd McDonald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5266-7470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83809506","display_name":"University of South Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83809506"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Todd McDonald","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Alabama"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Alabama","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83809506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090482148","display_name":"Rebecca Culver Clark","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83809506","display_name":"University of South Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83809506"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca C. Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Alabama"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Alabama","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83809506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018123027","display_name":"L.M. Hively","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-9107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee M. Hively","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Lab (Retired)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Lab (Retired)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072898928","display_name":"Samuel H. Russ","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83809506","display_name":"University of South Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83809506"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel H. Russ","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Alabama"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Alabama","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83809506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5392,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52672106,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"82","last_page":"90"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rootkit","display_name":"Rootkit","score":0.9759811162948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.8342262506484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7651616334915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4601602554321289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.43536460399627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.41638755798339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.35034066438674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.33112630248069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2657260000705719}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10144332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14645","display_name":"Rootkit","level":3,"score":0.9759811162948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.8342262506484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7651616334915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4601602554321289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.43536460399627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.41638755798339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.35034066438674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.33112630248069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2657260000705719}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3476883.3520212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3476883.3520212","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Southeast Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58545800","https://openalex.org/W105562399","https://openalex.org/W1492832459","https://openalex.org/W1582940512","https://openalex.org/W2061038495","https://openalex.org/W2061486139","https://openalex.org/W2067207087","https://openalex.org/W2091052823","https://openalex.org/W2140678915","https://openalex.org/W2268760998","https://openalex.org/W2492703958","https://openalex.org/W2602229646","https://openalex.org/W2792101620","https://openalex.org/W2807241260","https://openalex.org/W2855084460"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994712384","https://openalex.org/W4240186231","https://openalex.org/W2166844173","https://openalex.org/W3170525725","https://openalex.org/W3089468277","https://openalex.org/W4310805820","https://openalex.org/W2119580333","https://openalex.org/W3200236636","https://openalex.org/W1838401043","https://openalex.org/W2809416438"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Within":[0],"the":[1],"current":[2],"threat":[3,72],"landscape":[4],"of":[5,12,28,37,79,96,103,113,165],"cyberattacks,":[6],"adversaries":[7],"use":[8,40,52,102,142,174],"a":[9,16,25,34,92,114,132,143,166,175],"wide":[10],"array":[11],"techniques":[13],"to":[14,45,58,117,134,148,157,182,190],"gain":[15],"persistent":[17,71],"and":[18,42,55,186,203,217],"covert":[19],"presence":[20],"on":[21],"systems.":[22],"Rootkits":[23],"are":[24,33,66,82,228],"popular":[26],"form":[27,36],"attack":[29],"vector":[30],"because":[31,75],"they":[32],"specialized":[35],"malware":[38,80,98],"that":[39,100,125,207],"stealth":[41],"administrative":[43],"privilege":[44],"operate":[46],"without":[47],"detection.":[48],"They":[49],"can":[50,209],"also":[51],"sophisticated":[53],"active":[54],"passive":[56],"measures":[57],"actually":[59],"cripple":[60],"normal":[61,218],"defensive":[62],"software.":[63],"Zero-day":[64],"rootkits":[65,205],"particularly":[67],"dangerous":[68],"in":[69,213,229],"advanced":[70],"(APT)":[73],"scenarios":[74],"typical":[76],"signature-based":[77],"methods":[78],"scanning":[81],"ineffective":[83],"at":[84],"detecting":[85],"them.":[86],"In":[87,119,138],"this":[88,139],"paper,":[89],"we":[90,121,141,173],"consider":[91],"more":[93],"robust":[94],"technique":[95],"dynamic":[97],"detection":[99],"allows":[101],"side-channel":[104,226],"system":[105,147,219],"properties":[106],"as":[107,131],"process-indicative":[108],"data,":[109],"allowing":[110],"observation":[111],"outside":[112],"rootkit's":[115],"ability":[116],"influence.":[118],"particular,":[120],"extend":[122],"prior":[123],"work":[124,140],"has":[126],"used":[127],"CPU":[128],"power":[129,155,168,184],"measurements":[130],"means":[133],"detect":[135],"rootkit":[136,215],"execution.":[137],"Data":[144],"Acquisition":[145],"(DAQ)":[146],"collect":[149],"data":[150,227],"from":[151,162],"an":[152],"embedded":[153],"analog":[154],"sensor":[156],"record":[158],"low-frequency":[159],"digital":[160],"readings":[161,185],"three":[163],"channels":[164],"PC":[167],"supply.":[169],"Of":[170],"particular":[171],"focus,":[172],"data-driven":[176],"nonlinear":[177],"phase":[178],"space":[179],"algorithm":[180],"(NLPSA)":[181],"analyze":[183],"perform":[187],"supervised":[188],"learning":[189],"discern":[191],"infected":[192],"versus":[193],"non-infected":[194],"states.":[195],"Our":[196],"initial":[197],"case":[198],"study":[199],"using":[200],"Windows":[201],"10":[202],"Ubuntu":[204],"shows":[206],"NLPSA":[208],"achieve":[210],"perfect":[211],"accuracy":[212],"distinguishing":[214],"execution":[216],"operation,":[220],"confirming":[221],"other":[222],"similar":[223],"studies":[224],"where":[225],"view.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}