{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194927259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474562","title":"A multi-perspective view of Internet censorship in Myanmar","display_name":"A multi-perspective view of Internet censorship in Myanmar","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194927259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474562","mag":"3194927259"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3473604.3474562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474562","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3473604.3474562","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2021 Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3473604.3474562","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056804154","display_name":"Ramakrishna Padmanabhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0642-1537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramakrishna Padmanabhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA, UC San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004650560","display_name":"Arturo Filast\u00f2","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arturo Filast\u00f2","raw_affiliation_strings":["OONI","UC San Diego","University of Michigan","CAIDA, UC San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OONI","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064372123","display_name":"Maria Xynou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Xynou","raw_affiliation_strings":["OONI","CAIDA, UC San Diego","University of Michigan","UC San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OONI","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000158925","display_name":"Ram Sundara Raman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2411-8463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ram Sundara Raman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021605874","display_name":"Kennedy Middleton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kennedy Middleton","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056607705","display_name":"Mingwei Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingwei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA, UC San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086589498","display_name":"Doug Madory","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doug Madory","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kentik"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kentik","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Molly Roberts","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Molly Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040042401","display_name":"Alberto Dainotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6444-5656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Dainotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA, UC San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, UC San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9181,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94587722,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"27","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12785","display_name":"Hong Kong and Taiwan Politics","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/censorship","display_name":"Censorship","score":0.9496222734451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disconnection","display_name":"Disconnection","score":0.9147043824195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.8653582334518433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blocking","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","score":0.6615499258041382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.566810131072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5170691609382629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44155943393707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.41606706380844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.33356767892837524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.2460811734199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2229156494140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1526995599269867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1260606348514557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08163872361183167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52930066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543","display_name":"Censorship","level":2,"score":0.9496222734451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780371621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3709910","display_name":"Disconnection","level":2,"score":0.9147043824195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.8653582334518433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144745244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6615499258041382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.566810131072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5170691609382629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44155943393707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.41606706380844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.33356767892837524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2460811734199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2229156494140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1526995599269867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1260606348514557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08163872361183167}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3473604.3474562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474562","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3473604.3474562","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2021 Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3473604.3474562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474562","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3473604.3474562","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2021 Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4629012003","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1705024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194927259.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3194927259.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965761857","https://openalex.org/W1984293894","https://openalex.org/W2109129913","https://openalex.org/W2114839095","https://openalex.org/W2119085661","https://openalex.org/W2151998944","https://openalex.org/W2155336544","https://openalex.org/W2167994609","https://openalex.org/W2186594794","https://openalex.org/W2292723020","https://openalex.org/W2400899155","https://openalex.org/W2499590469","https://openalex.org/W2885727370","https://openalex.org/W2885848232","https://openalex.org/W2898546674","https://openalex.org/W2898739730","https://openalex.org/W2914406069","https://openalex.org/W2921880624","https://openalex.org/W2949733080","https://openalex.org/W2951077744","https://openalex.org/W2964146404","https://openalex.org/W2964277065","https://openalex.org/W2968701173","https://openalex.org/W2985708757","https://openalex.org/W3006897124","https://openalex.org/W3007123452","https://openalex.org/W3014033480","https://openalex.org/W3015863761","https://openalex.org/W3046608336","https://openalex.org/W3048537417","https://openalex.org/W3110509121","https://openalex.org/W3121893919","https://openalex.org/W3123696858","https://openalex.org/W3124321814"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390535186","https://openalex.org/W3195581173","https://openalex.org/W3112001480","https://openalex.org/W4389344654","https://openalex.org/W4256700511","https://openalex.org/W2160130371","https://openalex.org/W4391432210","https://openalex.org/W4213090228","https://openalex.org/W4206290032","https://openalex.org/W3194927259"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,53],"the":[1,36,49,69,77],"wake":[2],"of":[3,14,21,34,38],"a":[4,65],"military":[5],"coup":[6,78],"in":[7,41,72],"February":[8],"2021,":[9],"Myanmar":[10,73],"experienced":[11],"unprecedented":[12],"levels":[13],"Internet":[15,26,50,82],"censorship.":[16],"Beginning":[17],"with":[18],"haphazard":[19],"blocking":[20,33],"social":[22],"media":[23],"and":[24,44,60,79],"intermittent":[25],"connectivity":[27],"outages,":[28],"controls":[29],"proceeded":[30],"to":[31,63],"stricter":[32],"websites,":[35],"shutdown":[37],"cellular":[39],"data":[40],"several":[42],"networks,":[43],"nearly":[45],"complete":[46],"disconnection":[47],"from":[48],"every":[51],"night.":[52],"this":[54,86],"study,":[55],"we":[56],"use":[57],"diverse":[58],"datasets":[59],"measurement":[61],"methods":[62],"offer":[64],"holistic":[66],"view":[67],"into":[68],"censorship":[70,83],"events":[71],"that":[74],"occurred":[75],"since":[76],"show":[80],"how":[81],"evolved":[84],"during":[85],"time.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
