{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3214057859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473139","title":"Measuring and Modeling Group Dynamics in Open-Source Software Development: A Tensor Decomposition Approach","display_name":"Measuring and Modeling Group Dynamics in Open-Source Software Development: A Tensor Decomposition Approach","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3214057859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473139","mag":"3214057859"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3473139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102813403","display_name":"Thomas B\u00f6ck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6906-3489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Bock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Saarland University, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saarland University, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016703077","display_name":"A. Schmid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9274-3666"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelika Schmid","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054951840","display_name":"Sven Apel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3687-2233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sven Apel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Saarland University, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saarland University, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102813403"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9904,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89404092,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7982401847839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.5650216937065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.526726484298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4783467948436737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4440211057662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source-software-development","display_name":"Open-source software development","score":0.44162243604660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.440765917301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.18865469098091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.10696640610694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7982401847839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.5650216937065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.526726484298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4783467948436737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4440211057662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778642129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7096425","display_name":"Open-source software development","level":4,"score":0.44162243604660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.440765917301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.18865469098091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.10696640610694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3473139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3473139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.22028/d291-46969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3519720418","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AP 206/5-1&2, AP 206/6-1&2, and AP 206/14-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":113,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33618601","https://openalex.org/W34646664","https://openalex.org/W63477783","https://openalex.org/W229097380","https://openalex.org/W1486765142","https://openalex.org/W1493296086","https://openalex.org/W1515552913","https://openalex.org/W1533657962","https://openalex.org/W1551096017","https://openalex.org/W1855065139","https://openalex.org/W1971342410","https://openalex.org/W1972052832","https://openalex.org/W1987769722","https://openalex.org/W1996919757","https://openalex.org/W1999427600","https://openalex.org/W2004227964","https://openalex.org/W2005406219","https://openalex.org/W2005941514","https://openalex.org/W2006617902","https://openalex.org/W2008946935","https://openalex.org/W2022318086","https://openalex.org/W2022897498","https://openalex.org/W2024651346","https://openalex.org/W2028735428","https://openalex.org/W2031640601","https://openalex.org/W2034008825","https://openalex.org/W2037106942","https://openalex.org/W2047084505","https://openalex.org/W2054141820","https://openalex.org/W2058638038","https://openalex.org/W2060771918","https://openalex.org/W2066459332","https://openalex.org/W2071650163","https://openalex.org/W2075517844","https://openalex.org/W2076279155","https://openalex.org/W2077015100","https://openalex.org/W2082123959","https://openalex.org/W2091019377","https://openalex.org/W2094811636","https://openalex.org/W2101284766","https://openalex.org/W2102704527","https://openalex.org/W2103562041","https://openalex.org/W2105724942","https://openalex.org/W2107088555","https://openalex.org/W2107107106","https://openalex.org/W2107294940","https://openalex.org/W2111107104","https://openalex.org/W2120248976","https://openalex.org/W2126981385","https://openalex.org/W2131014920","https://openalex.org/W2134119432","https://openalex.org/W2136421959","https://openalex.org/W2138211899","https://openalex.org/W2139855137","https://openalex.org/W2141014056","https://openalex.org/W2141558501","https://openalex.org/W2141681367","https://openalex.org/W2144920235","https://openalex.org/W2145386371","https://openalex.org/W2147018965","https://openalex.org/W2148507357","https://openalex.org/W2149231960","https://openalex.org/W2151078464","https://openalex.org/W2162174678","https://openalex.org/W2162940346","https://openalex.org/W2164181943","https://openalex.org/W2167467982","https://openalex.org/W2169036685","https://openalex.org/W2171147729","https://openalex.org/W2234324187","https://openalex.org/W2238891378","https://openalex.org/W2292329295","https://openalex.org/W2339077968","https://openalex.org/W2463109813","https://openalex.org/W2474102872","https://openalex.org/W2488120993","https://openalex.org/W2508656285","https://openalex.org/W2572972599","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2593147042","https://openalex.org/W2604709073","https://openalex.org/W2734586805","https://openalex.org/W2735681515","https://openalex.org/W2739768234","https://openalex.org/W2765083400","https://openalex.org/W2783990487","https://openalex.org/W2790153824","https://openalex.org/W2804138311","https://openalex.org/W2804650993","https://openalex.org/W2811189031","https://openalex.org/W2859042744","https://openalex.org/W2901435019","https://openalex.org/W2903787695","https://openalex.org/W2903866513","https://openalex.org/W2918884300","https://openalex.org/W2963300816","https://openalex.org/W3090065853","https://openalex.org/W3092355714","https://openalex.org/W3094215143","https://openalex.org/W3099732543","https://openalex.org/W3105455679","https://openalex.org/W3121143339","https://openalex.org/W3122605581","https://openalex.org/W3123717114","https://openalex.org/W3126046907","https://openalex.org/W3139032876","https://openalex.org/W3162324063","https://openalex.org/W3174135203","https://openalex.org/W4236706032","https://openalex.org/W4238209155","https://openalex.org/W4289814974","https://openalex.org/W4399522148","https://openalex.org/W6826383803"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2476117260","https://openalex.org/W2770531922","https://openalex.org/W1845068655","https://openalex.org/W4321354308","https://openalex.org/W3118244000","https://openalex.org/W2290299503","https://openalex.org/W3029851195","https://openalex.org/W2183585111","https://openalex.org/W2211158793","https://openalex.org/W2046884474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"open-source":[1,108,161,188,222],"software":[2,109,162,189,223],"projects":[3,163,190,224],"depend":[4],"on":[5,117],"a":[6,37,81,86,118,251],"few":[7],"core":[8],"developers,":[9,26],"who":[10,27],"take":[11],"over":[12,170],"both":[13,155],"the":[14,50,58,63,74,90,100,127,143,174,202,248],"bulk":[15],"of":[16,78,104,120,139,146,151,160,168,176,205,208,212,221,250],"coordination":[17],"and":[18,52,69,76,84,96,102,157,164,179,186,191,210,218,228,234],"programming":[19,33,51],"tasks.":[20],"They":[21],"are":[22],"supported":[23],"by":[24],"peripheral":[25,46],"contribute":[28],"either":[29],"via":[30],"discussions":[31,71],"or":[32,254],"tasks,":[34],"often":[35],"for":[36],"limited":[38],"time.":[39,171],"It":[40],"is":[41],"unclear":[42],"what":[43],"role":[44],"these":[45,198],"developers":[47,79],"play":[48],"in":[49,62,80,94,107,231,242],"communication":[53,95,156],"efforts,":[54],"as":[55,57,246],"well":[56],"temporary":[59],"task-related":[60],"sub-groups":[61,106,195,199],"projects.":[64,110],"We":[65,153],"mine":[66],"code-repository":[67],"data":[68,159],"mailing-list":[70],"to":[72,88,133,225,238],"model":[73,165],"relationships":[75],"contributions":[77],"social":[82,105,115],"network":[83,128],"devise":[85],"method":[87,112,215],"analyze":[89],"temporal":[91],"collaboration":[92,132],"structures":[93],"programming,":[97],"learning":[98],"about":[99],"strength":[101],"stability":[103],"Our":[111,214],"uses":[113],"multi-modal":[114],"networks":[116,134],"series":[119],"time":[121],"windows.":[122],"Previous":[123],"work":[124],"has":[125],"reduced":[126],"structure":[129],"representing":[130],"developer":[131,232],"with":[135],"only":[136],"one":[137,149],"type":[138,150],"interaction,":[140],"which":[141],"impedes":[142],"simultaneous":[144],"analysis":[145,180],"more":[147],"than":[148],"interaction.":[152],"use":[154,240],"version-control":[158],"different":[166,239],"types":[167],"interaction":[169,206,233],"To":[172],"demonstrate":[173],"practicability":[175],"our":[177],"measurement":[178],"method,":[181],"we":[182],"investigate":[183],"10":[184],"substantial":[185],"popular":[187],"show":[192],"that,":[193],"if":[194],"evolve,":[196],"modeling":[197],"helps":[200],"predict":[201],"future":[203],"evolution":[204],"levels":[207],"programmers":[209],"groups":[211],"developers.":[213],"allows":[216],"maintainers":[217],"other":[219],"stakeholders":[220],"assess":[226],"instabilities":[227],"organizational":[229,243],"changes":[230],"can":[235],"be":[236],"applied":[237],"cases":[241],"analysis,":[244],"such":[245],"understanding":[247],"dynamics":[249],"specific":[252],"incident":[253],"discussion.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}