{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208939081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3472883.3487002","title":"On Merits and Viability of Multi-Cloud Serverless","display_name":"On Merits and Viability of Multi-Cloud Serverless","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208939081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3472883.3487002","mag":"3208939081"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3472883.3487002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3472883.3487002","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3472883.3487002","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3472883.3487002","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039341493","display_name":"Ataollah Fatahi Baarzi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ataollah Fatahi Baarzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Pennsylvania State University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Pennsylvania State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063903486","display_name":"George Kesidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7947-8127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Kesidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Pennsylvania State University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Pennsylvania State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085243096","display_name":"Carlee Joe\u2010Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0785-9291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlee Joe-Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067453655","display_name":"Mohammad Shahrad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-9583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Shahrad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039341493"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.9643,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97455755,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"600","last_page":"608"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8802877068519592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vendor","display_name":"Vendor","score":0.7863970398902893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forcing","display_name":"Forcing (mathematics)","score":0.7812395095825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7342237234115601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.60079026222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4588741362094879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4188707768917084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4155849814414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2932386100292206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2717819809913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.11759430170059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09804481267929077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8802877068519592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777338717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1762621","display_name":"Vendor","level":2,"score":0.7863970398902893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197115733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1003136","display_name":"Forcing (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7812395095825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7342237234115601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.60079026222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4588741362094879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4188707768917084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4155849814414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2932386100292206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2717819809913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11759430170059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09804481267929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3472883.3487002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3472883.3487002","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3472883.3487002","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3472883.3487002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3472883.3487002","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3472883.3487002","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1597412403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2222638181","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-2021-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4681045432","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2122155","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5903219635","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2028929","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6221715925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7012431211","display_name":"CAREER: Towards a Marketplace of Networked Services for the Next Billion Devices","funder_award_id":"1751075","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8105784103","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3208939081.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3208939081.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W95608104","https://openalex.org/W1965253814","https://openalex.org/W2079239128","https://openalex.org/W2157404363","https://openalex.org/W2417036297","https://openalex.org/W2548721987","https://openalex.org/W2591324491","https://openalex.org/W2623323969","https://openalex.org/W2734941459","https://openalex.org/W2735574181","https://openalex.org/W2763588877","https://openalex.org/W2768491979","https://openalex.org/W2772284839","https://openalex.org/W2794055141","https://openalex.org/W2804874586","https://openalex.org/W2885300550","https://openalex.org/W2885523785","https://openalex.org/W2886050937","https://openalex.org/W2886464150","https://openalex.org/W2890132549","https://openalex.org/W2902230079","https://openalex.org/W2946172626","https://openalex.org/W2979479406","https://openalex.org/W2984846186","https://openalex.org/W2986083395","https://openalex.org/W2987607480","https://openalex.org/W3010457348","https://openalex.org/W3010543330","https://openalex.org/W3012028616","https://openalex.org/W3014738622","https://openalex.org/W3021115254","https://openalex.org/W3046652326","https://openalex.org/W3068073655","https://openalex.org/W3091771787","https://openalex.org/W3096533337","https://openalex.org/W3097147358","https://openalex.org/W3115194146","https://openalex.org/W3118821855","https://openalex.org/W3128014076","https://openalex.org/W3155705005","https://openalex.org/W3159401322","https://openalex.org/W3168937343","https://openalex.org/W3172278473","https://openalex.org/W3174739945","https://openalex.org/W3176742479","https://openalex.org/W3209190856","https://openalex.org/W4244390351","https://openalex.org/W6753617854","https://openalex.org/W6753751555","https://openalex.org/W6757017946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W2536018345","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W2296488620","https://openalex.org/W2358353312","https://openalex.org/W2353836703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Serverless":[0],"computing":[1],"is":[2],"a":[3,109,127,144],"rapidly":[4],"growing":[5],"paradigm":[6],"in":[7],"the":[8,15,25,35,39,46,87,94,106,162],"cloud":[9,30,36],"industry":[10],"that":[11,113,143],"envisions":[12],"functions":[13],"as":[14],"computational":[16],"building":[17],"blocks":[18],"of":[19,23,72,108],"an":[20,133],"application.":[21],"Instead":[22],"forcing":[24,93],"application":[26],"developer":[27],"to":[28,57,69,96,98,118,122,153],"provision":[29],"resources":[31,41],"for":[32,42],"their":[33],"application,":[34],"provider":[37,89],"provisions":[38],"required":[40],"each":[43,91],"function":[44],"\"under":[45],"hood.\"":[47],"In":[48,61],"this":[49],"work,":[50],"we":[51],"envision":[52],"virtual":[53,123],"serverless":[54,59,114],"providers":[55,83,95],"(VSPs)":[56],"aggregate":[58],"offerings.":[60],"doing":[62],"so,":[63],"VSPs":[64],"allow":[65],"developers":[66],"(and":[67],"businesses)":[68],"get":[70],"rid":[71],"vendor":[73],"lock-in":[74],"problems":[75],"and":[76,79,101,111,131,160],"exploit":[77],"pricing":[78],"performance":[80],"variation":[81],"across":[82],"by":[84,151,158,166],"adaptively":[85],"utilizing":[86],"best":[88],"at":[90],"time,":[92],"compete":[97],"offer":[99],"cheaper":[100],"superior":[102],"services.":[103],"We":[104,125],"discuss":[105],"merits":[107],"VSP":[110,128,145],"show":[112,142],"systems":[115],"are":[116],"well-suited":[117],"cross-provider":[119],"aggregation,":[120],"compared":[121],"machines.":[124],"propose":[126],"system":[129],"architecture":[130],"implement":[132],"initial":[134],"version.":[135],"Using":[136],"experimental":[137],"evaluations,":[138],"our":[139],"preliminary":[140],"results":[141],"can":[146],"improve":[147],"maximum":[148],"sustained":[149],"throughput":[150],"1.2x":[152],"4.2x,":[154],"reduces":[155],"SLO":[156],"violations":[157],"98.8%,":[159],"improves":[161],"total":[163],"invocations'":[164],"costs":[165],"54%.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
