{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281924797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470496.3527427","title":"MOESI-prime","display_name":"MOESI-prime","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281924797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470496.3527427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3470496.3527427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470496.3527427","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074709213","display_name":"Kevin Loughlin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-3201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Loughlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057105760","display_name":"Stefan Saroiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1318-1719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Saroiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079095204","display_name":"Alec Wolman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3484-7360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alec Wolman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027050350","display_name":"Yatin A. Manerkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6954-2292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yatin A. Manerkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050964144","display_name":"Baris Kasikci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-8998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baris Kasikci","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074709213"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8622,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94148451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"670","last_page":"684"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.7801238298416138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7750726938247681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.5852652788162231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5335566997528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-coherence","display_name":"Cache coherence","score":0.5111766457557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4950479567050934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4706936180591583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.44910570979118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.4390811324119568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.42960041761398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.42219123244285583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpu-cache","display_name":"CPU cache","score":0.36738020181655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.364194393157959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12092682719230652}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.7801238298416138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7750726938247681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.5852652788162231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5335566997528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141917322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1025017","display_name":"Cache coherence","level":5,"score":0.5111766457557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4950479567050934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4706936180591583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.44910570979118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.4390811324119568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.42960041761398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.42219123244285583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189783530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"CPU cache","level":3,"score":0.36738020181655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.364194393157959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12092682719230652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38556500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13404475","display_name":"Cache algorithms","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3470496.3527427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470496.3527427","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6274505804","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE 1256260","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309327","display_name":"Google","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W125598877","https://openalex.org/W1215898603","https://openalex.org/W1597555784","https://openalex.org/W1980891674","https://openalex.org/W1994999558","https://openalex.org/W1997352364","https://openalex.org/W2055204455","https://openalex.org/W2058022120","https://openalex.org/W2062313423","https://openalex.org/W2081597309","https://openalex.org/W2110946051","https://openalex.org/W2144141804","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2150446161","https://openalex.org/W2157116240","https://openalex.org/W2163563130","https://openalex.org/W2165382766","https://openalex.org/W2169665207","https://openalex.org/W2169875292","https://openalex.org/W2198681848","https://openalex.org/W2293141122","https://openalex.org/W2295593662","https://openalex.org/W2420049379","https://openalex.org/W2529008862","https://openalex.org/W2537014044","https://openalex.org/W2546811911","https://openalex.org/W2562428175","https://openalex.org/W2762750764","https://openalex.org/W2769824527","https://openalex.org/W2774510177","https://openalex.org/W2795276761","https://openalex.org/W2802339701","https://openalex.org/W2806638034","https://openalex.org/W2884874829","https://openalex.org/W2889929196","https://openalex.org/W2905380323","https://openalex.org/W2926775434","https://openalex.org/W2934166125","https://openalex.org/W2945145734","https://openalex.org/W2949951157","https://openalex.org/W2950041399","https://openalex.org/W2952265249","https://openalex.org/W2961531859","https://openalex.org/W2962654801","https://openalex.org/W2962726564","https://openalex.org/W2974891422","https://openalex.org/W3043482870","https://openalex.org/W3094572750","https://openalex.org/W3105648728","https://openalex.org/W3157763265","https://openalex.org/W3165337812","https://openalex.org/W3171842021","https://openalex.org/W3172496160","https://openalex.org/W3205305497","https://openalex.org/W4214481814","https://openalex.org/W4220980777","https://openalex.org/W4238404680","https://openalex.org/W4245223843","https://openalex.org/W4255353403","https://openalex.org/W4280584183","https://openalex.org/W4281924797","https://openalex.org/W4288057786","https://openalex.org/W6600013530","https://openalex.org/W6768959830"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186949690","https://openalex.org/W2549803267","https://openalex.org/W2497617944","https://openalex.org/W3019064768","https://openalex.org/W2167303720","https://openalex.org/W1563139915","https://openalex.org/W3019683061","https://openalex.org/W2061075966","https://openalex.org/W3147501184","https://openalex.org/W4256652509"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Prior":[0],"work":[1],"shows":[2],"that":[3,26,41,62],"Rowhammer":[4],"attacks---which":[5],"flip":[6],"bits":[7],"in":[8,66,105],"DRAM":[9],"via":[10,23],"frequent":[11],"activations":[12],"of":[13,39,52],"the":[14,76,106],"same":[15],"row(s)---are":[16],"viable.":[17],"Adversaries":[18],"typically":[19],"mount":[20],"these":[21],"attacks":[22],"instruction":[24],"sequences":[25],"are":[27],"carefully-crafted":[28],"to":[29,44,80,90,96,100],"bypass":[30],"CPU":[31],"caches.":[32],"However,":[33],"we":[34,42],"discover":[35],"a":[36,70],"novel":[37],"form":[38],"hammering":[40,64,78,99],"refer":[43],"as":[45],"coherence-induced":[46,98],"hammering,":[47],"caused":[48],"by":[49,83],"Intel's":[50],"implementations":[51],"cache":[53],"coherent":[54],"non-uniform":[55],"memory":[56],"access":[57],"(ccNUMA)":[58],"protocols.":[59],"We":[60],"show":[61],"this":[63],"occurs":[65],"commodity":[67],"benchmarks":[68],"on":[69],"major":[71],"cloud":[72],"provider's":[73],"production":[74],"hardware,":[75],"first":[77],"found":[79],"be":[81],"generated":[82],"non-malicious":[84],"code.":[85],"Given":[86],"DRAM's":[87],"rising":[88],"susceptibility":[89],"bit":[91],"flips,":[92],"it":[93],"is":[94],"paramount":[95],"prevent":[97],"ensure":[101],"reliability":[102],"and":[103],"security":[104],"cloud.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2022-06-13T00:00:00"}
