{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281708879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470496.3527405","title":"A software-defined tensor streaming multiprocessor for large-scale machine learning","display_name":"A software-defined tensor streaming multiprocessor for large-scale machine learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281708879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470496.3527405"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3470496.3527405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470496.3527405","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3470496.3527405","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3470496.3527405","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015385537","display_name":"Dennis Abts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7108-9013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Abts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041250540","display_name":"Garrin Kimmell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garrin Kimmell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110939130","display_name":"Andrew C. Ling","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100698124","display_name":"John Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3958-3891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099236","display_name":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/011pv9p44","country_code":"CA","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099236"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST/Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST/Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103190961","display_name":"Matt Boyd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2783-3727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matt Boyd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071905570","display_name":"Andrew Bitar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Bitar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017713318","display_name":"Sahil Parmar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahil Parmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059900984","display_name":"Ibrahim Ahmed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015845004","display_name":"Roberto DiCecco","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto DiCecco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102000970","display_name":"David K. Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-5408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084817550","display_name":"John R. Thompson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4819-1611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032764337","display_name":"Michael Bye","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Bye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016114752","display_name":"Jennifer Hwang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016246137","display_name":"Jeremy Fowers","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Fowers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035261664","display_name":"Peter Lillian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Lillian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088437356","display_name":"Ashwin Murthy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashwin Murthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049893088","display_name":"Elyas Mehtabuddin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elyas Mehtabuddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023098013","display_name":"Chetan Tekur","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chetan Tekur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012310341","display_name":"Thomas Sohmers","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Sohmers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075070812","display_name":"Kris Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kris Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082025700","display_name":"Stephen Maresh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Maresh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055120016","display_name":"Jonathan Ross","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-6919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132883","display_name":"IQ Samh\u00e4llsbyggnad","ror":"https://ror.org/03knfbb08","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Ross","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groq Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groq Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":22,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015385537"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132883"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.6225,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98425624,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"567","last_page":"580"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8011215925216675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.585939884185791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5770981311798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"Software-defined networking","score":0.511452317237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-memory","display_name":"Distributed memory","score":0.494610995054245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.44994890689849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dataflow","display_name":"Dataflow","score":0.4139358699321747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shared-memory","display_name":"Shared memory","score":0.3095782995223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11745709180831909}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8011215925216675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.585939884185791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5770981311798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.511452317237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91481028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054686","display_name":"Distributed memory","level":3,"score":0.494610995054245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.44994890689849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96324660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205446","display_name":"Dataflow","level":2,"score":0.4139358699321747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133875982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764810","display_name":"Shared memory","level":2,"score":0.3095782995223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11745709180831909}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3470496.3527405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470496.3527405","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3470496.3527405","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3470496.3527405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3470496.3527405","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3470496.3527405","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 49th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281708879.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281708879.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1903573237","https://openalex.org/W2023999916","https://openalex.org/W2104674486","https://openalex.org/W2113658736","https://openalex.org/W2118892152","https://openalex.org/W2122337686","https://openalex.org/W2122532513","https://openalex.org/W2134440791","https://openalex.org/W2155187164","https://openalex.org/W2157110413","https://openalex.org/W2588282852","https://openalex.org/W2599132532","https://openalex.org/W2626211758","https://openalex.org/W2969388332","https://openalex.org/W2973084438","https://openalex.org/W3042416028","https://openalex.org/W3043522163","https://openalex.org/W3103056109","https://openalex.org/W3139707965","https://openalex.org/W4206010581","https://openalex.org/W4235385348"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026512611","https://openalex.org/W2398230795","https://openalex.org/W1985165680","https://openalex.org/W4245497162","https://openalex.org/W2353146130","https://openalex.org/W1990817968","https://openalex.org/W2150064838","https://openalex.org/W2135766592","https://openalex.org/W2185094550","https://openalex.org/W2088823210"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,32,81,153,172],"describe":[1,33,154,173],"our":[2],"novel":[3,156],"commercial":[4],"software-defined":[5,59],"approach":[6,159],"for":[7,43,53,146,169,192],"large-scale":[8,54,194],"interconnection":[9,28],"networks":[10],"of":[11,26,30,39,75,129,184,209,218],"tensor":[12],"streaming":[13],"processing":[14,140],"(TSP)":[15],"elements.":[16],"The":[17,134],"system":[18,68,198,220],"architecture":[19],"includes":[20],"packaging,":[21],"routing,":[22],"and":[23,36,79,143,177,204],"flow":[24,178],"control":[25,179],"the":[27,34,51,83,111,116,122,126,132,150,162,174,182,185,190],"network":[29,144,170,186],"TSPs.":[31],"communication":[35,48,151],"synchronization":[37],"primitives":[38],"a":[40,58,64,73,139,155,193],"bandwidth-rich":[41],"substrate":[42],"global":[44,91,112,210],"communication.":[45],"This":[46],"scalable":[47],"fabric":[49,191],"provides":[50],"backbone":[52],"systems":[55],"based":[56],"on":[57],"Dragonfly":[60],"topology,":[61,175],"ultimately":[62],"yielding":[63],"parallel":[65,195],"machine":[66,196],"learning":[67,197],"with":[69,115,199],"elasticity":[70],"to":[71,89,110,180,201],"support":[72],"variety":[74],"workloads,":[76],"both":[77,138],"training":[78],"inference.":[80],"extend":[82],"TSP's":[84],"producer-consumer":[85],"stream":[86],"programming":[87],"model":[88],"include":[90],"memory":[92,113,211],"which":[93],"is":[94],"implemented":[95],"as":[96,137,189],"logically":[97],"shared,":[98],"but":[99],"physically":[100],"distributed":[101],"SRAM":[102],"on-chip":[103],"memory.":[104],"Each":[105],"TSP":[106,135],"contributes":[107],"220":[108],"MiBytes":[109],"capacity,":[114],"maximum":[117,127],"capacity":[118],"limited":[119],"only":[120],"by":[121,166],"network's":[123],"scale":[124],"---":[125],"number":[128],"endpoints":[130],"in":[131,213],"system.":[133],"acts":[136],"element":[141],"(endpoint)":[142],"switch":[145],"moving":[147],"tensors":[148],"across":[149],"links.":[152,171],"software-controlled":[157],"networking":[158],"that":[160,187],"avoids":[161],"latency":[163],"variation":[164],"introduced":[165],"dynamic":[167],"contention":[168],"routing":[176],"characterize":[181],"performance":[183],"serves":[188],"up":[200],"10,440":[202],"TSPs":[203],"more":[205],"than":[206,215],"2":[207],"TeraBytes":[208],"accessible":[212],"less":[214],"3":[216],"microseconds":[217],"end-to-end":[219],"latency.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-03-06T13:50:29.536080","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}