{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3174009088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3465212","title":"A year in lockdown","display_name":"A year in lockdown","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3174009088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3465212","mag":"3174009088"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3465212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3465212","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3465212","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3465212","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027274731","display_name":"Anja Feldmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5530-6993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109712","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/01w19ak89","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anja Feldmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043144381","display_name":"Oliver Gasser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3425-9331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109712","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/01w19ak89","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Gasser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083777397","display_name":"Franziska Lichtblau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109712","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/01w19ak89","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franziska Lichtblau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090560162","display_name":"Enric Pujol","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enric Pujol","raw_affiliation_strings":["BENOCS, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BENOCS, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067322016","display_name":"Ingmar Poese","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6326-9854"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingmar Poese","raw_affiliation_strings":["BENOCS, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BENOCS, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005215035","display_name":"Christoph Dietzel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109712","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/01w19ak89","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Dietzel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Germany and Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Germany and Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101519023","display_name":"Daniel W\u00e4gner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8666-9539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109712","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/01w19ak89","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Germany and Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Germany and Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068648437","display_name":"Matthias Wichtlhuber","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Wichtlhuber","raw_affiliation_strings":["DE-CIX, Cologne, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DE-CIX, Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070199150","display_name":"Juan Tapiador","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4573-3967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Tapiador","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016569835","display_name":"Narseo Vallina-Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5420-6835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802499160","display_name":"IMDEA Networks","ror":"https://ror.org/04mm9fg30","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105140100","https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMDEA Networks, Madrid, Spain and ICSI, Berkeley"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMDEA Networks, Madrid, Spain and ICSI, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802499160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003825969","display_name":"Oliver Hohlfeld","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-1081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51783024","display_name":"Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxx3e24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Hohlfeld","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005247877","display_name":"Georgios Smaragdakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4127-3617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Smaragdakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Berlin, Berlin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Berlin, Berlin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027274731"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109712"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1382,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":87,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9851419,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"7","first_page":"101","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.8382568955421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.596382200717926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.565636396408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entertainment","display_name":"Entertainment","score":0.560195803642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.5488085746765137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5347795486450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5122203230857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.46173107624053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43875420093536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.327650249004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.22625964879989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17298632860183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.17269498109817505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.0894097089767456}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.8382568955421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.596382200717926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.565636396408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512170562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173799","display_name":"Entertainment","level":2,"score":0.560195803642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5488085746765137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5347795486450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5122203230857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46173107624053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43875420093536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.327650249004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22625964879989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17298632860183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.17269498109817505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0894097089767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3465212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3465212","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3465212","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3465212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3465212","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3465212","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1493363207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"/TCS-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1599646647","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","funder_display_name":"European Social Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2723354796","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019-111429RB-C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2952880184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2018/TCS-4566","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3031800739","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BIFOLD","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3928832027","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2018/TCS-4499","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4533892997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01IS18037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4558326091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"grants EdgeData-CM P2018/TCS-4499 and CYNAMON-CM P2018/TCS-4566, co-financed by European Structural Funds ESF and FEDER","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4636491520","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FEDER","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","funder_display_name":"European Social Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5269777170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01IS18037A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5555131222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6063137639","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FEDER","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6127744916","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"679158","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6548623498","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01IS18025A and 01IS18037A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6955755495","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Germany","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7624340995","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01IS18025A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8557630580","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"co-financed","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","funder_display_name":"European Social Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G969349340","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EdgeData-CM","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","display_name":"European Social Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3174009088.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3174009088.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997299558","https://openalex.org/W2049603274","https://openalex.org/W2162266953","https://openalex.org/W2743636887","https://openalex.org/W2744660401","https://openalex.org/W3093602150","https://openalex.org/W3094202593","https://openalex.org/W3094411088","https://openalex.org/W4288079450"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205698903","https://openalex.org/W4400613637","https://openalex.org/W4294968941","https://openalex.org/W4283819461","https://openalex.org/W4390279739","https://openalex.org/W4205413867","https://openalex.org/W3179695362","https://openalex.org/W5474427","https://openalex.org/W4394620624","https://openalex.org/W3046517191"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,104],"March":[1],"2020,":[2],"the":[3,8,36,39,47,57,65,69,85,88,92,122,127,141,147],"World":[4],"Health":[5],"Organization":[6],"declared":[7],"Corona":[9],"Virus":[10],"2019":[11],"(COVID-19)":[12],"outbreak":[13],"a":[14,18],"global":[15],"pandemic.":[16],"As":[17],"result,":[19],"billions":[20],"of":[21,38,67,87,91,126],"people":[22],"were":[23],"either":[24],"encouraged":[25],"or":[26],"forced":[27],"by":[28],"their":[29],"governments":[30],"to":[31,34,44,46,100,106,139],"stay":[32],"home":[33],"reduce":[35],"spread":[37],"virus.":[40],"This":[41],"caused":[42],"many":[43],"turn":[45],"Internet":[48,58,70,96,115,148],"for":[49],"work,":[50],"education,":[51],"social":[52],"interaction,":[53],"and":[54,113,124,135,144],"entertainment.":[55],"With":[56],"demand":[59],"rising":[60],"at":[61,121],"an":[62],"unprecedented":[63,152],"rate,":[64],"question":[66],"whether":[68],"could":[71],"sustain":[72],"this":[73,79,81],"additional":[74],"load":[75],"emerged.":[76],"To":[77],"answer":[78],"question,":[80],"paper":[82],"will":[83],"review":[84],"impact":[86],"first":[89],"year":[90],"COVID-19":[93],"pandemic":[94],"on":[95],"traffic":[97,116,134],"in":[98],"order":[99,105],"analyze":[101,114],"its":[102],"performance.":[103],"keep":[107],"our":[108],"study":[109],"broad,":[110],"we":[111,131],"collect":[112],"data":[117],"from":[118],"multiple":[119],"locations":[120],"core":[123],"edge":[125],"Internet.":[128],"From":[129],"this,":[130],"characterize":[132],"how":[133,146],"application":[136],"demands":[137],"change,":[138],"describe":[140],"\"new":[142],"normal,\"":[143],"explain":[145],"reacted":[149],"during":[150],"these":[151],"times.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2021-07-05T00:00:00"}