{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3176487290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3464933","title":"Formal software verification measures up","display_name":"Formal software verification measures up","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3176487290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3464933","mag":"3176487290"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3464933","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3464933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011917757","display_name":"Samuel Greengard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800704394","display_name":"Copiah-Lincoln Community College","ror":"https://ror.org/02kc2j595","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800704394"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Greengard","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Linn, OR"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Linn, OR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800704394"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011917757"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800704394"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07383367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"7","first_page":"13","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.8593999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.8593999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.767119288444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.7354668974876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hacker","display_name":"Hacker","score":0.5946576595306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-verification","display_name":"Software verification","score":0.5838923454284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5327017307281494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5161508321762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.47507017850875854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.43410611152648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.4300653040409088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4141336679458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3595481514930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.318928062915802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.25624704360961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.17417627573013306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11915236711502075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.06873521208763123}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.767119288444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.7354668974876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.5946576595306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33054407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504747","display_name":"Software verification","level":5,"score":0.5838923454284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5327017307281494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5161508321762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.47507017850875854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.43410611152648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.4300653040409088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4141336679458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3595481514930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.318928062915802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.25624704360961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.17417627573013306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11915236711502075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06873521208763123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3464933","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3464933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2408673862","https://openalex.org/W3158858948","https://openalex.org/W3005625139","https://openalex.org/W61995002","https://openalex.org/W2485980226","https://openalex.org/W1902662260","https://openalex.org/W2964297799","https://openalex.org/W2399439227","https://openalex.org/W2261809236","https://openalex.org/W170749077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Verified":[0],"coding":[1],"techniques":[2],"use":[3],"mathematical":[4],"proofs":[5],"to":[6],"ensure":[7],"code":[8],"is":[9],"error-free":[10],"and":[11],"hacker-resistant.":[12],"Can":[13],"the":[14],"approach":[15],"revolutionize":[16],"software?":[17]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
