{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3168184505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3463677.3463718","title":"Analyzing QAnon on Twitter in Context of US Elections 2020: Analysis of User Messages and Profiles Using VADER and BERT Topic modeling","display_name":"Analyzing QAnon on Twitter in Context of US Elections 2020: Analysis of User Messages and Profiles Using VADER and BERT Topic modeling","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3168184505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3463677.3463718","mag":"3168184505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3463677.3463718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3463677.3463718","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"DG.O2021: The 22nd Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083699479","display_name":"Ahmed Anwar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4626-703X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Anwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111122260","display_name":"Haider Ilyas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haider Ilyas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075685641","display_name":"Ussama Yaqub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-2089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ussama Yaqub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020796292","display_name":"Salma Zaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-9857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salma Zaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083699479"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0343,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97595337,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"82","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13277","display_name":"Media, Religion, Digital Communication","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.7411975860595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.7297825813293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presidential-system","display_name":"Presidential system","score":0.6350380778312683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.6255480051040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tag-cloud","display_name":"Tag cloud","score":0.5761651992797852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5738696455955505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.46684157848358154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presidential-election","display_name":"Presidential election","score":0.43413397669792175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4073237478733063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.36647990345954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2452217936515808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.20821428298950195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.17793557047843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.11062905192375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.09662160277366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.0823756754398346}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.7411975860595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.7297825813293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197487636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49892","display_name":"Presidential system","level":3,"score":0.6350380778312683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.6255480051040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26983874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263864","display_name":"Tag cloud","level":3,"score":0.5761651992797852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5738696455955505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.46684157848358154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776129789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858439","display_name":"Presidential election","level":3,"score":0.43413397669792175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4073237478733063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.36647990345954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2452217936515808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.20821428298950195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.17793557047843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.11062905192375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09662160277366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0823756754398346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3463677.3463718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3463677.3463718","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"DG.O2021: The 22nd Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046210419","https://openalex.org/W2121911157","https://openalex.org/W2396779641","https://openalex.org/W2521866155","https://openalex.org/W2582561810","https://openalex.org/W2601484670","https://openalex.org/W2769000698","https://openalex.org/W2782411908","https://openalex.org/W2787037992","https://openalex.org/W2805763130","https://openalex.org/W2897138847","https://openalex.org/W2900649654","https://openalex.org/W2937225911","https://openalex.org/W2938667850","https://openalex.org/W2954351897","https://openalex.org/W2979643654","https://openalex.org/W2999115128","https://openalex.org/W3011573535","https://openalex.org/W3017885019","https://openalex.org/W3019597125","https://openalex.org/W3034078763","https://openalex.org/W3036730291","https://openalex.org/W3037081021","https://openalex.org/W3039554467","https://openalex.org/W3080951367","https://openalex.org/W3103145424","https://openalex.org/W3103318202","https://openalex.org/W3196602247","https://openalex.org/W4212937970"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2606962271","https://openalex.org/W645512964","https://openalex.org/W2154519170","https://openalex.org/W2086460054","https://openalex.org/W1604650372","https://openalex.org/W2098310533","https://openalex.org/W3168885418","https://openalex.org/W2189207620","https://openalex.org/W1983680744"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,69],"paper":[2],"we":[3,70],"analyze":[4],"Twitter":[5,139],"users":[6,47],"and":[7,53,65,74,127,135],"their":[8,51,61,138],"tweets":[9,25],"mentioning":[10,48],"\u201cQAnon\u201d":[11,49],"in":[12,50,103,137],"context":[13],"of":[14,18,85,107,118],"US":[15],"Presidential":[16],"Elections":[17],"2020.":[19],"We":[20,45,110],"collect":[21],"over":[22,115],"12":[23],"million":[24],"for":[26],"46":[27],"consecutive":[28],"days":[29],"starting":[30],"from":[31],"August":[32],"1st":[33],"-":[34],"September":[35],"15th":[36],"2020":[37],"containing":[38],"the":[39,90,108],"keywords":[40],"\u201cTrump\u201d,":[41],"\u201cBiden\u201d":[42],"or":[43],"\u201cElection2020\u201d.":[44],"identify":[46],"messages":[52],"perform":[54,75],"sentiment":[55],"analysis":[56],"using":[57,78],"VADER":[58],"to":[59],"evaluate":[60],"position":[62],"towards":[63],"Trump":[64,123],"Biden.":[66],"Along":[67],"with":[68],"create":[71],"word":[72],"cloud":[73],"topic":[76],"modeling":[77],"BERT":[79],"on":[80,97],"user":[81],"profile":[82,140],"descriptions.":[83,141],"Some":[84],"our":[86],"key":[87],"findings":[88],"contradict":[89],"popular":[91],"notion":[92],"that":[93,113],"people":[94],"discussing":[95],"QAnon":[96,119],"social":[98],"media":[99],"are":[100,121,125],"mostly":[101],"located":[102],"Republican":[104],"dominated":[105],"states":[106],"US.":[109],"also":[111],"discover":[112],"an":[114],"whelming":[116],"majority":[117],"tweeters":[120],"Donald":[122],"supporters,":[124],"conservative":[126],"nationalist":[128],"having":[129],"terms":[130],"like":[131],"\u201cMAGA\u201d,":[132],"\u201cGod\u201d,":[133],"\u201cPatriot\u201d":[134],"\u201cWWG1WGA\u201d":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-04T09:10:02.777135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}