{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3184955627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3462757.3466095","title":"Practical tools from formal models","display_name":"Practical tools from formal models","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3184955627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3462757.3466095","mag":"3184955627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3462757.3466095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3462757.3466095","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034799166","display_name":"Katie Atkinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-4106"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katie Atkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026990950","display_name":"Joe Collenette","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-2038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joe Collenette","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074094975","display_name":"Trevor Bench\u2010Capon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3975-4398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trevor Bench-Capon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042476558","display_name":"Kanstantsin Dzehtsiarou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9253-6109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanstantsin Dzehtsiarou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034799166"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.213,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93167683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"170","last_page":"174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9664999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.8375024795532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7604191303253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.7151965498924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5693843364715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.48845401406288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convention","display_name":"Convention","score":0.4466882348060608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4310288727283478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.42836230993270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.354642391204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3261374831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1366075575351715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.13369843363761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1121443510055542}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.8375024795532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7604191303253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7151965498924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5693843364715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.48845401406288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.4466882348060608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4310288727283478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42836230993270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.354642391204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3261374831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1366075575351715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13369843363761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1121443510055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3462757.3466095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3462757.3466095","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965774555","https://openalex.org/W1995770214","https://openalex.org/W2048600620","https://openalex.org/W2087843564","https://openalex.org/W2144424234","https://openalex.org/W2326194808","https://openalex.org/W2536769020","https://openalex.org/W2777640491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350278424","https://openalex.org/W2071432835","https://openalex.org/W4239401009","https://openalex.org/W4234371507","https://openalex.org/W1628824497","https://openalex.org/W4299534542","https://openalex.org/W2053441600","https://openalex.org/W4389670110","https://openalex.org/W1990401748","https://openalex.org/W2429057255"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"approach":[1,69],"to":[2,8,21,60,70,93,121,128,134,166],"building":[3],"legal":[4],"support":[5],"systems":[6,34],"is":[7],"run":[9],"an":[10,18,113],"executable":[11],"model":[12],"of":[13,32,54,81,100,104,112,118,149],"the":[14,25,37,41,50,55,62,71,79,82,90,94,105,110,119,123,135,153],"relevant":[15],"knowledge":[16,101,111],"through":[17,125],"interface":[19],"designed":[20],"collect":[22],"information":[23],"from":[24],"user":[26,95],"and":[27,52,102,156],"provide":[28,61],"explanations.":[29],"The":[30],"usability":[31],"such":[33],"depends":[35],"on":[36,74],"terms":[38],"used":[39,152],"in":[40,144],"law":[42,56],"being":[43],"represented:":[44],"often":[45],"only":[46],"users":[47],"familiar":[48],"with":[49,115],"practice":[51],"application":[53],"will":[57],"be":[58],"able":[59],"required":[63],"information.":[64],"Earlier":[65],"work":[66],"applied":[67],"this":[68],"European":[72],"Convention":[73],"Human":[75],"Rights":[76],"(ECHR).":[77],"Although":[78],"performance":[80],"tool":[83],"built":[84],"for":[85],"that":[86,131,162,169],"domain":[87],"was":[88],"good,":[89],"questions":[91,130],"posed":[92],"demanded":[96],"a":[97,141,146],"good":[98],"deal":[99],"experience":[103,117],"ECHR.":[106],"Here":[107],"we":[108],"use":[109],"expert":[114],"extensive":[116],"ECHR":[120],"extend":[122],"model,":[124],"intermediate":[126],"levels,":[127],"identify":[129],"are":[132,164],"appropriate":[133],"target":[136],"user.":[137],"We":[138],"have":[139,151],"undertaken":[140],"pilot":[142],"evaluation":[143],"which":[145],"small":[147],"number":[148],"lawyers":[150],"prototype":[154],"program":[155],"provided":[157],"very":[158],"positive":[159],"feedback,":[160],"showing":[161],"they":[163],"receptive":[165],"AI":[167],"solutions":[168],"give":[170],"effective,":[171],"explainable":[172],"decision":[173],"support.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
