{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3214479671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3462635","title":"Uncertainty-Aware Semi-Supervised Method Using Large Unlabeled and Limited Labeled COVID-19 Data","display_name":"Uncertainty-Aware Semi-Supervised Method Using Large Unlabeled and Limited Labeled COVID-19 Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3214479671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3462635","mag":"3214479671"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3462635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3462635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19610489","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications","issn_l":"1551-6857","issn":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.06388","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083567791","display_name":"Roohallah Alizadehsani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0898-5054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roohallah Alizadehsani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076970514","display_name":"Danial Sharifrazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8158-0961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91138267","display_name":"Islamic Azad University of Shiraz","ror":"https://ror.org/03xbchh53","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I91138267"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danial Sharifrazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, School of Technical and Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sadra Hwy, Shiraz, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, School of Technical and Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sadra Hwy, Shiraz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91138267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049654471","display_name":"Navid Hoseini Izadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170013655","display_name":"Isfahan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00af3sa43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid Hoseini Izadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067079132","display_name":"Javad Hassannataj Joloudari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9374-2326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97626857","display_name":"University of Birjand","ror":"https://ror.org/03g4hym73","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97626857"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javad Hassannataj Joloudari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Birjand, Daneshgah e Sanati Hwy Birjand, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Birjand, Daneshgah e Sanati Hwy Birjand, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97626857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029791697","display_name":"Afshin Shoeibi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0635-6799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80543232","display_name":"K.N.Toosi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0433abe34","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80543232"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86958956","display_name":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00g6ka752","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afshin Shoeibi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Biomedical Data Acquisition Lab, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Biomedical Data Acquisition Lab, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956","https://openalex.org/I80543232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011354002","display_name":"J. M. G\u00f3rriz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-1714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan M. Gorriz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, Universidad de Granada, Av. del Hospicio, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, Universidad de Granada, Av. del Hospicio, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062872897","display_name":"Sadiq Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9840-4796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64128412","display_name":"Dibrugarh University","ror":"https://ror.org/045kfbt16","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadiq Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["System Administrator, Dibrugarh University, Assam, Dibrugarh, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"System Administrator, Dibrugarh University, Assam, Dibrugarh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091361127","display_name":"Juan E. Arco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5896-4975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan E. Arco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Av. del Hospicio, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Av. del Hospicio, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005757386","display_name":"Zahra Alizadeh Sani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahra Alizadeh Sani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran and Omid Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran and Omid Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088581826","display_name":"Fahime Khozeimeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fahime Khozeimeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059557438","display_name":"Abbas Khosravi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6927-0744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abbas Khosravi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015293969","display_name":"Saeid Nahavandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0360-5270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeid Nahavandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032171733","display_name":"Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7926-9368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110309","display_name":"The George Institute for Global Health","ror":"https://ror.org/023331s46","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110309"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Australia and Cardiovascular Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Australia and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Australia and Cardiovascular Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Australia and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110309","https://openalex.org/I149704539","https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074179735","display_name":"U. Rajendra Acharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-8552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58236372","display_name":"Ngee Ann Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/01w953x65","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58236372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8696757","display_name":"Singapore University of Social Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01s57k749","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8696757"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. Rajendra Acharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Ngee AnnPolytechnic, Singapore and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore and Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Ngee AnnPolytechnic, Singapore and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore and Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8696757","https://openalex.org/I58236372"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":14,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083567791"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.404,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97325029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3s","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14189","display_name":"Intravenous Infusion Technology and Safety","score":0.9596999883651733,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.8006229400634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","score":0.5633289217948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2019-20-coronavirus-outbreak","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","score":0.547248363494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4913279116153717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4371027946472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2710046172142029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virology","display_name":"Virology","score":0.16066688299179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.1112065315246582}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.8006229400634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.5633289217948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.547248363494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4913279116153717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4371027946472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2710046172142029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.16066688299179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1112065315246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3462635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3462635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19610489","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications","issn_l":"1551-6857","issn":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2102.06388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2102.06388","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.06388","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dro.deakin.edu.au:DU:30159133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401102","display_name":"Own your potential (DEAKIN)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","host_organization_name":"Deakin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20634168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Uncertainty-aware_semi-supervised_method_using_large_unlabeled_and_limited_labeled_COVID-19_data/20634168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2102.06388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2102.06388","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.06388","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571236831","https://openalex.org/W2072566913","https://openalex.org/W2157851841","https://openalex.org/W2173520492","https://openalex.org/W2323929895","https://openalex.org/W2418101495","https://openalex.org/W2904903951","https://openalex.org/W2914163321","https://openalex.org/W2942810189","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963373786","https://openalex.org/W2963684088","https://openalex.org/W2980690519","https://openalex.org/W3002108456","https://openalex.org/W3005879071","https://openalex.org/W3006812732","https://openalex.org/W3007170347","https://openalex.org/W3007497549","https://openalex.org/W3008985036","https://openalex.org/W3011149445","https://openalex.org/W3011810856","https://openalex.org/W3013019084","https://openalex.org/W3013507463","https://openalex.org/W3013515352","https://openalex.org/W3013601031","https://openalex.org/W3015609527","https://openalex.org/W3017644243","https://openalex.org/W3019449959","https://openalex.org/W3024285252","https://openalex.org/W3033835801","https://openalex.org/W3035986928","https://openalex.org/W3037538421","https://openalex.org/W3038098236","https://openalex.org/W3038197756","https://openalex.org/W3039636711","https://openalex.org/W3040660552","https://openalex.org/W3040868419","https://openalex.org/W3042107527","https://openalex.org/W3045236836","https://openalex.org/W3045281502","https://openalex.org/W3046722451","https://openalex.org/W3048123412","https://openalex.org/W3082967155","https://openalex.org/W3086422157","https://openalex.org/W3087265446","https://openalex.org/W3089290459","https://openalex.org/W3092530991","https://openalex.org/W3095307057","https://openalex.org/W3116063148","https://openalex.org/W3127836793","https://openalex.org/W3128914156","https://openalex.org/W3131964007","https://openalex.org/W3135243128","https://openalex.org/W3154148590","https://openalex.org/W3155450303","https://openalex.org/W3155545305","https://openalex.org/W3162351260","https://openalex.org/W3163893137","https://openalex.org/W3165430704","https://openalex.org/W3185654650","https://openalex.org/W3210155031","https://openalex.org/W4246413501","https://openalex.org/W4287549876","https://openalex.org/W4394640390"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3036314732","https://openalex.org/W3009669391","https://openalex.org/W4382894326","https://openalex.org/W3198183218","https://openalex.org/W3171943759","https://openalex.org/W3176864053","https://openalex.org/W4206669628","https://openalex.org/W4292098121","https://openalex.org/W3154141118","https://openalex.org/W4388896133"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,29,117,133,157,242],"new":[1],"coronavirus":[2],"has":[3],"caused":[4],"more":[5],"than":[6],"one":[7],"million":[8],"deaths":[9],"and":[10,105,202,254,263,282],"continues":[11],"to":[12,55,65,112,210],"spread":[13],"rapidly.":[14],"This":[15],"virus":[16],"targets":[17],"the":[18,43,114,172,179,226,271],"lungs,":[19],"causing":[20],"respiratory":[21],"distress":[22],"which":[23,76,125],"can":[24,40,71],"be":[25],"mild":[26],"or":[27,31,49,83],"severe.":[28],"X-ray":[30],"computed":[32],"tomography":[33],"(":[34,97,109,233],"CT":[35,140],")":[36,99,111,235],"images":[37],"of":[38,174,194,199,213,216,229,251],"lungs":[39],"reveal":[41],"whether":[42],"patient":[44],"is":[45,64,80,121,126,136,150,160,178,188,192,240],"infected":[46],"with":[47,73,162],"COVID-19":[48,57,115,186],"not.":[50],"Many":[51],"researchers":[52],"are":[53,256,275],"trying":[54],"improve":[56],"detection":[58,104,187],"using":[59,93,138],"artificial":[60],"intelligence.":[61],"Our":[62,190],"motivation":[63],"develop":[66],"an":[67],"automatic":[68],"method":[69,159,184,223,248],"that":[70],"cope":[72],"scenarios":[74],"in":[75,130,249],"preparing":[77],"labeled":[78,201,217,237],"data":[79,204,239],"time":[81,181],"consuming":[82],"expensive.":[84],"In":[85],"this":[86,131,177],"article,":[87],"we":[88],"propose":[89],"a":[90,122,147,182,197,211],"Semi-supervised":[91],"Classification":[92],"Limited":[94],"Labeled":[95],"Data":[96],"SCLLD":[98],"relying":[100],"on":[101],"Sobel":[102],"edge":[103],"Generative":[106],"Adversarial":[107],"Networks":[108],"GANs":[110],"automate":[113],"diagnosis.":[116],"GAN":[118],"discriminator":[119],"output":[120],"probabilistic":[123],"value":[124],"used":[127,152],"for":[128,153,185,246,270],"classification":[129],"work.":[132],"proposed":[134,158],"system":[135,191],"trained":[137],"10,000":[139],"scans":[141],"collected":[142],"from":[143,196],"Omid":[144],"Hospital,":[145],"whereas":[146,268],"public":[148],"dataset":[149],"also":[151],"validating":[154],"our":[155,175,220,247],"system.":[156],"compared":[161],"other":[163],"state-of-the-art":[164],"supervised":[165,206,227],"methods":[166],"such":[167],"as":[168],"Gaussian":[169],"processes.":[170],"To":[171],"best":[173],"knowledge,":[176],"first":[180],"semi-supervised":[183,221],"presented.":[189],"capable":[193],"learning":[195],"mixture":[198],"limited":[200],"unlabeled":[203],"where":[205],"learners":[207],"fail":[208],"due":[209],"lack":[212],"sufficient":[214],"amount":[215],"data.":[218],"Thus,":[219],"training":[222,228,238],"significantly":[224],"outperforms":[225],"Convolutional":[230],"Neural":[231],"Network":[232],"CNN":[234,272],"when":[236],"scarce.":[241],"95%":[243],"confidence":[244],"intervals":[245,269],"terms":[250],"accuracy,":[252],"sensitivity,":[253],"specificity":[255],"99.56":[257],"\u00b1":[258,261,265,277,280,284],"0.20%,":[259],"99.88":[260],"0.24%,":[262],"99.40":[264],"0.18%,":[266],"respectively,":[267],"(trained":[273],"supervised)":[274],"68.34":[276],"4.11%,":[278],"91.2":[279],"6.15%,":[281],"46.40":[283],"5.21%.":[285]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}