{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3092961706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3461669","title":"Categorical Semantics of Cyber-Physical Systems Theory","display_name":"Categorical Semantics of Cyber-Physical Systems Theory","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3092961706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3461669","mag":"3092961706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3461669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3461669","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3461669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2506189754","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems","issn_l":"2378-962X","issn":["2378-962X","2378-9638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3461669","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080758702","display_name":"Georgios Bakirtzis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-0193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Bakirtzis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia, Virginia, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-0193","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Virginia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113457201","display_name":"Cody Fleming","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cody H. Fleming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6335-471X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063903373","display_name":"Christina Vasilakopoulou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-934X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina Vasilakopoulou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras, Patras, Greece, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras, Patras, Greece, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1966,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92515556,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.883695125579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-system","display_name":"Physical system","score":0.668125569820404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6667724847793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.607688844203949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5667120218276978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorical-variable","display_name":"Categorical variable","score":0.5531929731369019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4692060351371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.45856937766075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4517410099506378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24979254603385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.16979607939720154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.883695125579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116672817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454986","display_name":"Physical system","level":2,"score":0.668125569820404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6667724847793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.607688844203949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5667120218276978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5274069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285707","display_name":"Categorical variable","level":2,"score":0.5531929731369019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4692060351371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.45856937766075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4517410099506378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24979254603385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.16979607939720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3461669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3461669","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3461669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2506189754","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems","issn_l":"2378-962X","issn":["2378-962X","2378-9638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2010.08003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.08003","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.08003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.lib.iastate.edu:20.500.12876/JvNVPOmv","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/handle/20.500.12876/JvNVPOmv","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196104","display_name":"Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","host_organization_name":"Iowa State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3461669","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3461669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3461669","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3461669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2506189754","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems","issn_l":"2378-962X","issn":["2378-962X","2378-9638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6647894722","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NNX16AK47A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321917","display_name":"General Secretariat for Research and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04yeh8h63"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327859","display_name":"Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3092961706.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3092961706.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":94,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W112646350","https://openalex.org/W115133185","https://openalex.org/W612493522","https://openalex.org/W642120166","https://openalex.org/W1032096247","https://openalex.org/W1496267491","https://openalex.org/W1541203236","https://openalex.org/W1547567140","https://openalex.org/W1557653052","https://openalex.org/W1565544898","https://openalex.org/W1571102086","https://openalex.org/W1585089195","https://openalex.org/W1662456638","https://openalex.org/W1851008664","https://openalex.org/W1857886188","https://openalex.org/W1933146504","https://openalex.org/W1983779606","https://openalex.org/W1994901326","https://openalex.org/W2000616678","https://openalex.org/W2012616890","https://openalex.org/W2022595765","https://openalex.org/W2041938674","https://openalex.org/W2046439435","https://openalex.org/W2056743217","https://openalex.org/W2077099824","https://openalex.org/W2080543706","https://openalex.org/W2091944452","https://openalex.org/W2103225125","https://openalex.org/W2114877339","https://openalex.org/W2115973579","https://openalex.org/W2117218135","https://openalex.org/W2120713972","https://openalex.org/W2124623089","https://openalex.org/W2148443868","https://openalex.org/W2151653149","https://openalex.org/W2258159692","https://openalex.org/W2278964162","https://openalex.org/W2325779777","https://openalex.org/W2326271904","https://openalex.org/W2482810752","https://openalex.org/W2555680506","https://openalex.org/W2590993945","https://openalex.org/W2734940986","https://openalex.org/W2766575304","https://openalex.org/W2767591044","https://openalex.org/W2769918695","https://openalex.org/W2772846982","https://openalex.org/W2798708919","https://openalex.org/W2805099392","https://openalex.org/W2806091731","https://openalex.org/W2809744066","https://openalex.org/W2884790503","https://openalex.org/W2885093626","https://openalex.org/W2890856788","https://openalex.org/W2895662108","https://openalex.org/W2900878227","https://openalex.org/W2905586589","https://openalex.org/W2915922814","https://openalex.org/W2945685829","https://openalex.org/W2952716475","https://openalex.org/W2962868940","https://openalex.org/W2962887654","https://openalex.org/W2963619589","https://openalex.org/W2964186632","https://openalex.org/W2969218722","https://openalex.org/W2971384549","https://openalex.org/W2973766686","https://openalex.org/W2977695787","https://openalex.org/W3006348814","https://openalex.org/W3011451315","https://openalex.org/W3017637105","https://openalex.org/W3022218457","https://openalex.org/W3029898802","https://openalex.org/W3037759832","https://openalex.org/W3077473315","https://openalex.org/W3084611726","https://openalex.org/W3091334978","https://openalex.org/W3095867396","https://openalex.org/W3099642088","https://openalex.org/W3107977833","https://openalex.org/W3121646244","https://openalex.org/W3122773565","https://openalex.org/W3124849710","https://openalex.org/W3134227994","https://openalex.org/W3140824938","https://openalex.org/W3141842699","https://openalex.org/W3201592806","https://openalex.org/W4205178436","https://openalex.org/W4206505607","https://openalex.org/W4233669187","https://openalex.org/W4245030819","https://openalex.org/W4288029142","https://openalex.org/W4301007786","https://openalex.org/W6769756011"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2994120531","https://openalex.org/W2108326965","https://openalex.org/W2086962923","https://openalex.org/W2756692340","https://openalex.org/W4323929292","https://openalex.org/W3099113830","https://openalex.org/W4229048927","https://openalex.org/W190251865","https://openalex.org/W3017360834","https://openalex.org/W2133522624"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyber-physical":[0],"systems":[1,44,104],"require":[2],"the":[3,25,38,53,82,94,124,142,145,154,167],"construction":[4],"and":[5,15,28,66,84,117],"management":[6],"of":[7,24,42,55,62,78,86,129,137,144,160,169],"various":[8,19,60],"models":[9,20,61],"to":[10,36,74,107,119],"assure":[11],"their":[12],"correct,":[13],"safe,":[14],"secure":[16],"operation.":[17],"These":[18],"are":[21,45],"necessary":[22],"because":[23],"coupled":[26],"physical":[27],"computational":[29],"dynamics":[30],"present":[31,70],"in":[32,81,92],"cyber-physical":[33,43,87,103,162],"systems.":[34],"However,":[35],"date":[37],"different":[39,76],"model":[40],"views":[41],"largely":[46],"related":[47,118],"informally,":[48],"which":[49,89,165],"raises":[50],"issues":[51],"with":[52],"degree":[54],"formal":[56],"consistency":[57],"between":[58],"those":[59],"requirements,":[63],"system":[64,67,95,109,112,121,163],"behavior,":[65],"architecture.":[68],"We":[69],"a":[71,97,120,157],"category-theoretic":[72],"framework":[73,101],"make":[75],"types":[77],"composition":[79],"explicit":[80],"modeling":[83],"analysis":[85],"systems,":[88],"could":[90],"assist":[91],"verifying":[93],"as":[96],"whole.":[98],"This":[99],"compositional":[100],"for":[102,152],"gives":[105],"rise":[106],"unified":[108],"models,":[110,164],"where":[111],"behavior":[113,155],"is":[114],"hierarchically":[115],"decomposed":[116],"architecture":[122],"using":[123],"systems-as-algebras":[125],"paradigm.":[126],"As":[127],"part":[128],"this":[130],"paradigm,":[131],"we":[132],"show":[133],"that":[134],"an":[135],"algebra":[136],"(safety)":[138],"contracts":[139],"generalizes":[140],"over":[141,156],"state":[143],"art,":[146],"providing":[147],"more":[148],"uniform":[149],"mathematical":[150],"tools":[151],"constraining":[153],"richer":[158],"set":[159],"composite":[161],"has":[166],"potential":[168],"minimizing":[170],"or":[171],"eliminating":[172],"hazardous":[173],"behavior.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
