{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200592006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460231.3474241","title":"An Audit of Misinformation Filter Bubbles on YouTube: Bubble Bursting and Recent Behavior Changes","display_name":"An Audit of Misinformation Filter Bubbles on YouTube: Bubble Bursting and Recent Behavior Changes","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200592006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460231.3474241","mag":"3200592006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460231.3474241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460231.3474241","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fifteenth ACM Conference on Recommender Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.13769","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067542438","display_name":"Mat\u00fa\u0161 Tomlein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9960-700X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matus Tomlein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078389036","display_name":"Branislav Pecher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0344-8620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Branislav Pecher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043199710","display_name":"Jakub \u0160imko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-4237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakub Simko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082763244","display_name":"Ivan Srba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3511-5337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Srba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032021797","display_name":"R\u00f3bert M\u00f3ro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3052-8290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Moro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087108795","display_name":"Elena \u0160tefancov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-939X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elena Stefancova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052619773","display_name":"Michal Kompan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4649-5120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michal Kompan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030086116","display_name":"Andrea Hr\u010dkov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9312-6451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Hrckova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003256903","display_name":"Juraj Podrou\u017eek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9691-0310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juraj Podrouzek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen institute of intelligent technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen institute of intelligent technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030414237","display_name":"M\u00e1ria Bielikov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4105-3494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200340","display_name":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/02j78kr76","country_code":null,"type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Bielikova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kempelen Institute of Intelligent Technologies, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067542438"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401200340"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.9442,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99010077,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misinformation","display_name":"Misinformation","score":0.9646878242492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.6980798244476318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bubble","display_name":"Bubble","score":0.6123279929161072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5986355543136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bursting","display_name":"Bursting","score":0.43099260330200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.42243972420692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit","display_name":"Audit","score":0.4193722903728485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2952938377857208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.23259615898132324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1628137230873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.10187876224517822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.08402067422866821}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776990098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13579947","display_name":"Misinformation","level":2,"score":0.9646878242492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6980798244476318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.6123279929161072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5986355543136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195221683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5000649","display_name":"Bursting","level":2,"score":0.43099260330200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.42243972420692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.4193722903728485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2952938377857208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23259615898132324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1628137230873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.10187876224517822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.08402067422866821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460231.3474241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460231.3474241","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fifteenth ACM Conference on Recommender Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2203.13769","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2203.13769","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.13769","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2203.13769","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2203.13769","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.13769","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583059097","https://openalex.org/W1686065478","https://openalex.org/W1966114254","https://openalex.org/W2098575291","https://openalex.org/W2109882182","https://openalex.org/W2133664726","https://openalex.org/W2145554190","https://openalex.org/W2232384272","https://openalex.org/W2476960546","https://openalex.org/W2512971201","https://openalex.org/W2581539945","https://openalex.org/W2788848737","https://openalex.org/W2912265160","https://openalex.org/W2963184629","https://openalex.org/W2973172293","https://openalex.org/W2987834530","https://openalex.org/W2989696878","https://openalex.org/W3001221685","https://openalex.org/W3012588689","https://openalex.org/W3027070158","https://openalex.org/W3032474305","https://openalex.org/W3043177469","https://openalex.org/W3044863445","https://openalex.org/W3096187776","https://openalex.org/W3121309663","https://openalex.org/W3122019737","https://openalex.org/W3123437755","https://openalex.org/W3130799518","https://openalex.org/W3133616422","https://openalex.org/W3160689567","https://openalex.org/W3175617041","https://openalex.org/W3202785370","https://openalex.org/W3204703756","https://openalex.org/W4288079542","https://openalex.org/W4288281505"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197131596","https://openalex.org/W4390616380","https://openalex.org/W4388666321","https://openalex.org/W4205914924","https://openalex.org/W2080788537","https://openalex.org/W4283459170","https://openalex.org/W4220949352","https://openalex.org/W4225301003","https://openalex.org/W4229014887","https://openalex.org/W4229067106"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"negative":[1],"effects":[2],"of":[3,125,133],"misinformation":[4,33,78,83,92,178],"filter":[5,34,79,135,151],"bubbles":[6,80,101,152],"in":[7,68,157,177],"adaptive":[8],"systems":[9],"have":[10,50],"been":[11],"known":[12],"to":[13,55,98,145],"researchers":[14],"for":[15,122],"some":[16,158],"time.":[17],"Several":[18],"studies":[19,47],"investigated,":[20],"most":[21],"prominently":[22],"on":[23],"YouTube,":[24],"how":[25],"fast":[26],"a":[27,32,66,134,163,167],"user":[28],"can":[29],"get":[30],"into":[31,77],"bubble":[35,62,136],"simply":[36],"by":[37,81,90,183],"selecting":[38],"\u201cwrong":[39],"choices\u201d":[40],"from":[41,143],"the":[42,57,61,95,100,110,116,123],"items":[43],"offered.":[44],"Yet,":[45],"no":[46],"so":[48],"far":[49],"investigated":[51],"what":[52],"it":[53,140],"takes":[54],"\u201cburst":[56],"bubble\u201d,":[58],"i.e.,":[59],"revert":[60],"enclosure.":[63],"We":[64,108,160],"present":[65],"study":[67],"which":[69,115],"pre-programmed":[70],"agents":[71,96,117],"(acting":[72],"as":[73],"YouTube":[74],"users)":[75],"delve":[76],"watching":[82,91],"promoting":[84],"content":[85],"(for":[86],"various":[87],"topics).":[88],"Then,":[89],"debunking":[93],"content,":[94],"try":[97],"burst":[99],"and":[102,113,119],"reach":[103],"more":[104],"balanced":[105],"recommendation":[106],"mixes.":[107],"recorded":[109],"search":[111],"results":[112],"recommendations,":[114],"encountered,":[118],"analyzed":[120],"them":[121],"presence":[124],"misinformation.":[126],"Our":[127],"key":[128],"finding":[129],"is":[130,137],"that":[131,150],"bursting":[132],"possible,":[138],"albeit":[139],"manifests":[141],"differently":[142],"topic":[144],"topic.":[146],"Moreover,":[147],"we":[148,171],"observe":[149],"do":[153],"not":[154,173],"truly":[155],"appear":[156],"situations.":[159],"also":[161],"draw":[162],"direct":[164],"comparison":[165],"with":[166],"previous":[168],"study.":[169],"Sadly,":[170],"did":[172],"find":[174],"much":[175],"improvements":[176],"occurrences,":[179],"despite":[180],"recent":[181],"pledges":[182],"YouTube.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
