{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213188189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485374","title":"Dissecting Residual APIs in Custom Android ROMs","display_name":"Dissecting Residual APIs in Custom Android ROMs","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213188189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485374","mag":"3213188189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460120.3485374","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485374","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027710261","display_name":"Zeinab El-Rewini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7090-465X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zeinab El-Rewini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007570332","display_name":"Yousra Aafer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yousra Aafer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027710261"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7618,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71852603,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1598","last_page":"1611"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.8007738590240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6989626884460449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.6387982964515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/original-equipment-manufacturer","display_name":"Original equipment manufacturer","score":0.5264666676521301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5164404511451721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-bug","display_name":"Software bug","score":0.487447053194046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.43592801690101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.41500744223594666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4135558009147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3476178050041199}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.8007738590240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6989626884460449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.6387982964515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68694590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267558","display_name":"Original equipment manufacturer","level":2,"score":0.5264666676521301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5164404511451721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1009929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179550","display_name":"Software bug","level":3,"score":0.487447053194046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.43592801690101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.41500744223594666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4135558009147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3476178050041199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460120.3485374","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485374","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2256289136","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"40236","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319952","funder_display_name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2561941618","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-2020-07017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319952","display_name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/000az4664"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008345765","https://openalex.org/W2010395842","https://openalex.org/W2012813306","https://openalex.org/W2083988638","https://openalex.org/W2114275288","https://openalex.org/W2140095007","https://openalex.org/W2534511085","https://openalex.org/W2573570214","https://openalex.org/W2751509862","https://openalex.org/W2770003285","https://openalex.org/W2789555918","https://openalex.org/W2883023562","https://openalex.org/W2890471546","https://openalex.org/W2891458271","https://openalex.org/W2913592991","https://openalex.org/W2945945312","https://openalex.org/W2952117785","https://openalex.org/W2963894653","https://openalex.org/W2964203713","https://openalex.org/W2966779804","https://openalex.org/W3091006590","https://openalex.org/W3102041579","https://openalex.org/W3120074996","https://openalex.org/W3153221864","https://openalex.org/W4253894200","https://openalex.org/W4289038676"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2949536330","https://openalex.org/W2125856283","https://openalex.org/W4213224946","https://openalex.org/W2366593851","https://openalex.org/W2378471676","https://openalex.org/W2370523177","https://openalex.org/W2267813399","https://openalex.org/W1565885216","https://openalex.org/W2888390988","https://openalex.org/W4384155409"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"classic":[1],"software":[2],"vulnerabilities":[3],"(e.g.,":[4],"Heartbleed)":[5],"are":[6,35],"rooted":[7],"in":[8],"unused":[9,19,71],"code.":[10],"In":[11],"this":[12],"work,":[13],"we":[14],"aim":[15],"to":[16,49],"understand":[17],"whether":[18],"Android":[20],"functionality":[21],"may":[22,59],"similarly":[23],"open":[24],"unnecessary":[25],"attack":[26],"opportunities.":[27],"Our":[28],"study":[29],"focuses":[30],"on":[31,64],"OEM-introduced":[32],"APIs,":[33,55],"which":[34,58],"added":[36],"and":[37,44],"removed":[38],"erratically":[39],"through":[40],"different":[41],"device":[42],"models":[43],"releases.":[45],"This":[46],"instability":[47],"contributes":[48],"the":[50],"production":[51],"of":[52,57],"bloated":[53],"custom":[54],"some":[56],"not":[60],"even":[61],"be":[62],"used":[63],"a":[65],"particular":[66],"device.":[67],"We":[68],"call":[69],"such":[70],"APIs":[72],"Residuals.":[73]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
