{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3198920486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485352","title":"CyberBunker 2.0 - A Domain and Traffic Perspective on a Bulletproof Hoster","display_name":"CyberBunker 2.0 - A Domain and Traffic Perspective on a Bulletproof Hoster","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3198920486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485352","mag":"3198920486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460120.3485352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485352","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.06858","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051513192","display_name":"Daniel Kopp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7012-5007"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Kopp","raw_affiliation_strings":["DE-CIX, Frankfurt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DE-CIX, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081333065","display_name":"Eric Strehle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51783024","display_name":"Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxx3e24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Strehle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003825969","display_name":"Oliver Hohlfeld","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-1081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51783024","display_name":"Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxx3e24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Hohlfeld","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051513192"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12975127,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2432","last_page":"2434"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6633808612823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-name","display_name":"Domain name","score":0.6352343559265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6280118227005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6133735775947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6034088730812073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5955950021743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/premise","display_name":"Premise","score":0.5577831864356995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5448153614997864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-traffic","display_name":"Web traffic","score":0.5369526743888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-analysis","display_name":"Traffic analysis","score":0.45509928464889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german","display_name":"German","score":0.4445221424102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botnet","display_name":"Botnet","score":0.4311102628707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4017336666584015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.39601799845695496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.3892512917518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14848986268043518}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6633808612823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988987868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32635","display_name":"Domain name","level":3,"score":0.6352343559265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6280118227005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6133735775947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6034088730812073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5955950021743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321703","display_name":"Premise","level":2,"score":0.5577831864356995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5448153614997864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777672014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172573","display_name":"Web traffic","level":3,"score":0.5369526743888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781317605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7832483","display_name":"Traffic analysis","level":2,"score":0.45509928464889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.4445221424102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22735295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317671","display_name":"Botnet","level":3,"score":0.4311102628707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4017336666584015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.39601799845695496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.3892512917518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14848986268043518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460120.3485352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460120.3485352","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.06858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.06858","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.06858","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.06858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.06858","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.06858","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984918390","https://openalex.org/W2695177217","https://openalex.org/W2886125371","https://openalex.org/W2969064802","https://openalex.org/W4244307638"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2396428793","https://openalex.org/W2225089553","https://openalex.org/W2949614803","https://openalex.org/W2290321311","https://openalex.org/W2095479613","https://openalex.org/W2388837172","https://openalex.org/W2026621111","https://openalex.org/W2550639513","https://openalex.org/W2591856843","https://openalex.org/W4328028687"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,65],"September":[1],"2019,":[2],"600":[3],"armed":[4],"German":[5],"cops":[6],"seized":[7],"the":[8,50,70,90,93,121],"physical":[9],"premise":[10],"of":[11,56,73,105],"a":[12,25,81,86,106,113,127],"Bulletproof":[13],"Hoster":[14],"(BPH)":[15],"referred":[16],"to":[17,31,40,135],"as":[18],"CyberBunker":[19,94],"2.0.":[20],"The":[21],"hoster":[22],"resided":[23],"in":[24,96,108],"decommissioned":[26],"NATO":[27],"bunker":[28],"and":[29,37,53,77,85,129],"advertised":[30],"host":[32],"everything":[33],"but":[34,123],"child":[35],"porn":[36],"anything":[38],"related":[39],"terrorism":[41],"while":[42],"keeping":[43],"servers":[44],"online":[45],"no":[46],"matter":[47],"what.":[48],"While":[49],"anatomy,":[51],"economics":[52],"interconnection-level":[54],"characteristics":[55,62,104,125],"BPHs":[57],"are":[58,63],"studied,":[59],"their":[60],"traffic":[61,78,103,130],"unknown.":[64],"this":[66],"poster,":[67],"we":[68],"present":[69],"first":[71],"analysis":[72],"domains,":[74],"web":[75],"pages,":[76],"captured":[79],"at":[80,89],"major":[82],"tier-1":[83],"ISP":[84],"large":[87],"IXP":[88],"time":[91],"when":[92],"was":[95],"operation.":[97,109],"Our":[98],"study":[99],"sheds":[100],"light":[101],"on":[102],"BPH":[107,116],"We":[110],"show":[111],"that":[112,132],"traditional":[114],"BGP-based":[115],"identification":[117,137],"approach":[118],"cannot":[119],"detect":[120],"CyberBunker,":[122],"find":[124],"from":[126],"domain":[128],"perspective":[131],"can":[133],"add":[134],"future":[136],"approaches.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}