{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3203920965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460112.3471960","title":"Opaque Obstacles: The Role of Stigma, Rumor, and Superstition in Limiting Women\u2019s Access to Computing in Rural Bangladesh","display_name":"Opaque Obstacles: The Role of Stigma, Rumor, and Superstition in Limiting Women\u2019s Access to Computing in Rural Bangladesh","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3203920965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460112.3471960","mag":"3203920965"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460112.3471960","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460112.3471960","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103026409","display_name":"Sharifa Sultana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2906-7391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sharifa Sultana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055913950","display_name":"Ilan Mandel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8569-5176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilan\u00a0 Mandel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088321886","display_name":"Shaid Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0076-5287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156098","display_name":"Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041qsth84","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156098"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaid Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["BUET"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BUET","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025257675","display_name":"S. M. Raihanul Alam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1102-8258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156098","display_name":"Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041qsth84","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156098"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.M.Raihanul Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["BUET"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BUET","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077347429","display_name":"Khandaker Reaz Mahmud","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156098","display_name":"Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041qsth84","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156098"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khandaker Reaz Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["BUET"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BUET","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088705526","display_name":"Zinnat Sultana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1729-9286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090016","display_name":"College of Law","ror":"https://ror.org/006xbp572","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090016"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zinnat Sultana","raw_affiliation_strings":["S.M.R. Law College"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"S.M.R. Law College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090016"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089574660","display_name":"Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-0687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103026409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92500292,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"243","last_page":"260"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10987","display_name":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12786","display_name":"Innovation and Socioeconomic Development","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superstition","display_name":"Superstition","score":0.9467233419418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rumor","display_name":"Rumor","score":0.8974548578262329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.802253246307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stigma","display_name":"Stigma (botany)","score":0.6385742425918579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opacity","display_name":"Opacity","score":0.4933539927005768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.45883694291114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-stigma","display_name":"Social stigma","score":0.4252359867095947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36807048320770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.33173149824142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.26886922121047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2658562958240509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-immunodeficiency-virus","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","score":0.2322997748851776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.22803190350532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.21088972687721252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.2029305100440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15812379121780396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15441393852233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.12427058815956116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virology","display_name":"Virology","score":0.10739409923553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.08643296360969543}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776858443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133182","display_name":"Superstition","level":2,"score":0.9467233419418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780469804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878352","display_name":"Rumor","level":2,"score":0.8974548578262329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.802253246307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168285401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427245","display_name":"Stigma (botany)","level":2,"score":0.6385742425918579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60056205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691914","display_name":"Opacity","level":2,"score":0.4933539927005768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.45883694291114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781437451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137326","display_name":"Social stigma","level":3,"score":0.4252359867095947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36807048320770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.33173149824142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.26886922121047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2658562958240509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.2322997748851776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22803190350532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.21088972687721252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2029305100440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15812379121780396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15441393852233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.12427058815956116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.10739409923553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.08643296360969543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3460112.3471960","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3460112.3471960","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3533745890","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#37608","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319952","funder_display_name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8014679417","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#37608","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336370","funder_display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8256214030","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#892191082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334617","funder_display_name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319952","display_name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/000az4664"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334617","display_name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04j5jqy92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336370","display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92214784","https://openalex.org/W1494409209","https://openalex.org/W1529875564","https://openalex.org/W1542392440","https://openalex.org/W1552261336","https://openalex.org/W1564157236","https://openalex.org/W1673748918","https://openalex.org/W1968021637","https://openalex.org/W1974674099","https://openalex.org/W1975594555","https://openalex.org/W1980868027","https://openalex.org/W1997922838","https://openalex.org/W1998831982","https://openalex.org/W2000603455","https://openalex.org/W2009743018","https://openalex.org/W2011009054","https://openalex.org/W2012931719","https://openalex.org/W2013555397","https://openalex.org/W2019572580","https://openalex.org/W2022997081","https://openalex.org/W2030770553","https://openalex.org/W2039142735","https://openalex.org/W2041439873","https://openalex.org/W2041594242","https://openalex.org/W2045484620","https://openalex.org/W2049044775","https://openalex.org/W2051405935","https://openalex.org/W2053669417","https://openalex.org/W2057746391","https://openalex.org/W2066900165","https://openalex.org/W2068544593","https://openalex.org/W2070247381","https://openalex.org/W2074609547","https://openalex.org/W2074788973","https://openalex.org/W2080272356","https://openalex.org/W2080965661","https://openalex.org/W2085921614","https://openalex.org/W2093368770","https://openalex.org/W2099062625","https://openalex.org/W2105445509","https://openalex.org/W2105471836","https://openalex.org/W2114469472","https://openalex.org/W2119728341","https://openalex.org/W2123254002","https://openalex.org/W2130645129","https://openalex.org/W2135843989","https://openalex.org/W2135852677","https://openalex.org/W2136925099","https://openalex.org/W2137092892","https://openalex.org/W2142869276","https://openalex.org/W2147094445","https://openalex.org/W2149409395","https://openalex.org/W2150335690","https://openalex.org/W2158251425","https://openalex.org/W2164082612","https://openalex.org/W2166887909","https://openalex.org/W2171710677","https://openalex.org/W2211754794","https://openalex.org/W2293424626","https://openalex.org/W2313582959","https://openalex.org/W2328858727","https://openalex.org/W2403952997","https://openalex.org/W2405023176","https://openalex.org/W2406597851","https://openalex.org/W2412313461","https://openalex.org/W2425820308","https://openalex.org/W2469607150","https://openalex.org/W2532983760","https://openalex.org/W2556685903","https://openalex.org/W2587853369","https://openalex.org/W2588122555","https://openalex.org/W2610193927","https://openalex.org/W2611419437","https://openalex.org/W2611499662","https://openalex.org/W2611515421","https://openalex.org/W2626500845","https://openalex.org/W2775715748","https://openalex.org/W2789341203","https://openalex.org/W2793517924","https://openalex.org/W2796034586","https://openalex.org/W2888492369","https://openalex.org/W2889033228","https://openalex.org/W2899218237","https://openalex.org/W2909601774","https://openalex.org/W2909711611","https://openalex.org/W2909804508","https://openalex.org/W2910636896","https://openalex.org/W2911428659","https://openalex.org/W2941063311","https://openalex.org/W2941111231","https://openalex.org/W2984015578","https://openalex.org/W2998182339","https://openalex.org/W3036036338","https://openalex.org/W3036695520","https://openalex.org/W3038411287","https://openalex.org/W3039982061","https://openalex.org/W3115489492","https://openalex.org/W3118647007","https://openalex.org/W3161501076","https://openalex.org/W3163763835","https://openalex.org/W4253733448","https://openalex.org/W4254814961","https://openalex.org/W4285825913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2144317893","https://openalex.org/W2883500993","https://openalex.org/W3177095879","https://openalex.org/W3043073196","https://openalex.org/W2024942612","https://openalex.org/W2588937149","https://openalex.org/W3108913413","https://openalex.org/W2256376955","https://openalex.org/W1993920306","https://openalex.org/W1964936100"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Marginalized":[0],"communities\u2019":[1],"access":[2,30,64],"to":[3,29,31,65,90,122,135,153,163],"and":[4,15,39,41,69,88,110,117,139,142,159,170],"use":[5,91],"of":[6,54,86],"ICT":[7,32,124],"have":[8,23],"long":[9],"been":[10],"a":[11,119,136],"concern":[12],"in":[13,20,80,145,168],"HCI4D":[14,169],"social":[16,161,171],"computing.":[17],"Many":[18],"works":[19],"this":[21,49,96,131],"domain":[22],"pointed":[24],"out":[25],"that":[26,57],"the":[27,55,84,100,146,151],"challenges":[28],"often":[33,112],"go":[34],"beyond":[35],"limited":[36],"computing":[37,92],"resources":[38],"skills":[40],"frequently":[42],"include":[43],"many":[44],"other":[45,116,160],"socio-cultural":[46],"factors.":[47],"In":[48],"paper,":[50],"we":[51,82,102],"report":[52,105],"three":[53],"factors":[56,167],"arose":[58],"while":[59],"studying":[60],"rural":[61,78,147],"Bangladeshi":[62],"women\u2019s":[63,123],"ICT:":[66],"stigma,":[67,108],"rumor,":[68],"superstition.":[70],"Through":[71],"an":[72],"eight-month-long":[73],"mix-method":[74],"study":[75],"with":[76,114],"23":[77],"women":[79,101],"Jessore,":[81],"explored":[83],"forms":[85],"fear":[87],"resistance":[89,121,132],"devices":[93],"prevalent":[94],"among":[95,99],"population,":[97],"particularly":[98],"studied.":[103],"We":[104,149],"how":[106,130],"their":[107],"rumors":[109],"superstitions":[111],"entangled":[113],"each":[115],"created":[118],"gender-specific":[120],"use.":[125],"This":[126],"paper":[127],"further":[128],"discusses":[129],"was":[133],"connected":[134],"weak":[137],"economy":[138],"insufficient":[140],"legal":[141],"educational":[143],"infrastructure":[144],"community.":[148],"extend":[150],"discussion":[152],"implications":[154],"for":[155],"design,":[156],"policy,":[157],"patriarchy,":[158],"practices":[162],"address":[164],"these":[165],"human":[166],"sustainability":[172],"scholarship.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}