{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3209981429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3459637.3482013","title":"PyTerrier: Declarative Experimentation in Python from BM25 to Dense Retrieval","display_name":"PyTerrier: Declarative Experimentation in Python from BM25 to Dense Retrieval","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3209981429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3459637.3482013","mag":"3209981429"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3459637.3482013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3459637.3482013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Information &amp; Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/3545.html>","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057643560","display_name":"Craig Macdonald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-279X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig Macdonald","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018894843","display_name":"Nicola Tonellotto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7427-1001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Tonellotto","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014199889","display_name":"Sean MacAvaney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8914-2659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean MacAvaney","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079046603","display_name":"Iadh Ounis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4701-3223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iadh Ounis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":99,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4526","last_page":"4533"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8473248481750488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.7193344831466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.6565748453140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5710914134979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5684001445770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haskell","display_name":"Haskell","score":0.544710099697113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.4503442645072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.412763386964798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25484585762023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-programming","display_name":"Functional programming","score":0.16875764727592468}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8473248481750488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.7193344831466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.6565748453140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5710914134979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5684001445770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780624054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34010","display_name":"Haskell","level":3,"score":0.544710099697113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.4503442645072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.412763386964798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25484585762023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42383842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193076","display_name":"Functional programming","level":2,"score":0.16875764727592468}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3459637.3482013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3459637.3482013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Information &amp; Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:249268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/3545.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1114338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/1114338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:249268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/3545.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1989121949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R018634/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5187265158","display_name":"Closed-Loop Data Science for Complex, Computationally- and Data-Intensive Analytics","funder_award_id":"EP/R018634/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8352026019","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R018634/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317295","display_name":"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070740689","https://openalex.org/W2105157020","https://openalex.org/W2117473841","https://openalex.org/W2161852686","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2402144811","https://openalex.org/W2740321901","https://openalex.org/W2798482016","https://openalex.org/W2910577570","https://openalex.org/W2940927814","https://openalex.org/W2945802750","https://openalex.org/W2950184844","https://openalex.org/W2954264361","https://openalex.org/W3001344098","https://openalex.org/W3001879867","https://openalex.org/W3021244424","https://openalex.org/W3021397474","https://openalex.org/W3021779606","https://openalex.org/W3023238803","https://openalex.org/W3044997488","https://openalex.org/W3045745713","https://openalex.org/W3098620803","https://openalex.org/W3099384026","https://openalex.org/W3099700870","https://openalex.org/W3102286003","https://openalex.org/W3102378333","https://openalex.org/W3102476541","https://openalex.org/W3103251620","https://openalex.org/W3104914963","https://openalex.org/W3105817677","https://openalex.org/W3133594109","https://openalex.org/W3156166379","https://openalex.org/W3175980629","https://openalex.org/W3197464301","https://openalex.org/W4205951122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2801835562","https://openalex.org/W196828063","https://openalex.org/W4247743232","https://openalex.org/W4238447024","https://openalex.org/W1602185604","https://openalex.org/W2911281194","https://openalex.org/W173120711","https://openalex.org/W1488646450","https://openalex.org/W4214505573","https://openalex.org/W2555014751"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PyTerrier":[0,89,137],"is":[1],"a":[2,16,67,70,120,131,142,158],"Python-based":[3],"retrieval":[4,12,105,162],"framework":[5,90,129,159],"for":[6,28,45,95,133,160],"expressing":[7],"simple":[8],"and":[9,32,52,103,110,117,164],"complex":[10],"information":[11,161],"(IR)":[13],"pipelines":[14,113],"in":[15,54,79,119],"declarative":[17,121],"manner.":[18,122],"While":[19],"making":[20],"use":[21],"of":[22,127,144,156],"the":[23,61,88,125,134,154],"long-established":[24],"Terrier":[25],"IR":[26,47,135],"platform":[27],"basic":[29],"text":[30,98],"indexing":[31],"retrieval,":[33],"its":[34,39],"salient":[35],"utility":[36],"comes":[37],"from":[38],"expressive":[40],"Python":[41],"operators,":[42],"which":[43],"allow":[44],"individual":[46],"operations":[48],"to":[49,91,141],"be":[50,115],"pipelined":[51],"combined":[53],"different":[55],"flexible":[56],"manners":[57],"as":[58,101,108,130],"requested":[59],"by":[60],"search":[62],"application.":[63],"Each":[64],"operation":[65],"applies":[66],"transformation":[68],"upon":[69],"dataframe,":[71],"while":[72],"operators":[73],"are":[74],"defined":[75],"with":[76],"clear":[77],"semantics":[78],"relational":[80],"algebra.":[81],"Going":[82],"further,":[83],"we":[84,152],"have":[85],"recently":[86],"expanded":[87],"include":[92],"additional":[93],"support":[94],"state-of-the-art":[96],"BERT-based":[97],"re-rankers":[99],"(such":[100,107],"EPIC)":[102],"dense":[104],"implementations":[106],"ANCE":[109],"ColBERT).":[111],"Transformer":[112],"can":[114],"tuned":[116],"evaluated":[118],"To":[123],"increase":[124],"reusability":[126],"this":[128],"resource":[132],"community,":[136],"provides":[138],"easy":[139],"access":[140],"variety":[143],"standard":[145],"benchmark":[146],"datasets,":[147],"including":[148],"pre-built":[149],"indices.":[150],"Finally,":[151],"highlight":[153],"advantages":[155],"such":[157],"researchers":[163],"educators.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-16T13:24:37.021932","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
