{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204683379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3458380.3458396","title":"Research on Vehicle Fine-grained Image Classification Method Based on Deep Learning","display_name":"Research on Vehicle Fine-grained Image Classification Method Based on Deep Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204683379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3458380.3458396","mag":"3204683379"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3458380.3458396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3458380.3458396","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 5th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102011568","display_name":"Jie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4425-8834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1456306","display_name":"North China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01nky7652","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["North China University of Technology, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North China University of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011203575","display_name":"Qin Shu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1456306","display_name":"North China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01nky7652","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin Shu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["North China University of Technology, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North China University of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102011568"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12699346,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":null,"first_page":"94","last_page":"98"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-bounding-box","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","score":0.7135119438171387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6872453689575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6774165034294128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6618453860282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.6419041156768799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounding-overwatch","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","score":0.4846116006374359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4653742015361786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.39800673723220825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147037132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865426","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","level":3,"score":0.7135119438171387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6872453689575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6774165034294128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6618453860282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.6419041156768799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63584917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333286","display_name":"Bounding overwatch","level":2,"score":0.4846116006374359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4653742015361786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.39800673723220825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3458380.3458396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3458380.3458396","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 5th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571381357","https://openalex.org/W2055289854","https://openalex.org/W2138011018","https://openalex.org/W2512434173","https://openalex.org/W2586934430","https://openalex.org/W2737725206","https://openalex.org/W2896632102","https://openalex.org/W2946757225","https://openalex.org/W3008809756","https://openalex.org/W3033847084","https://openalex.org/W4212991200","https://openalex.org/W4236133481","https://openalex.org/W4324085337"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4237171675","https://openalex.org/W3036286480","https://openalex.org/W4287027631","https://openalex.org/W3192357901","https://openalex.org/W2387360586","https://openalex.org/W2952736415","https://openalex.org/W3209723314","https://openalex.org/W3205398323","https://openalex.org/W2883297582","https://openalex.org/W4390524233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"classification":[1],"of":[2,14,35,40,65,78,118],"vehicle":[3,25,54,80,84,104,110,119],"fine-grained":[4],"images":[5],"cannot":[6,81],"achieve":[7],"satisfactory":[8],"results":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,50,86,101,114,122],"the":[12,24,33,36,41,57,66,70,73,79,91,97,108,116],"problems":[13],"visual":[15],"angle,":[16],"occlusion":[17,76],"and":[18,43,47,62,75,95],"local":[19,120],"labeling.":[20],"This":[21],"paper":[22],"studies":[23,90],"3D":[26],"bounding":[27],"box":[28],"construction":[29],"method,":[30],"combined":[31],"with":[32,56],"characteristics":[34],"rigid":[37],"body":[38],"symmetry":[39],"vehicle,":[42,67],"uses":[44,96],"projection":[45],"transformation":[46],"posture":[48],"normalization":[49],"synthesize":[51],"a":[52,123],"multi-featured":[53],"image":[55],"front":[58],"or":[59],"back,":[60],"side":[61],"top":[63],"surface":[64],"thus":[68],"solve":[69,115],"problem":[71,117],"that":[72],"perspective":[74],"issues":[77],"extract":[82,103],"effective":[83],"features":[85,106],"some":[87],"extent;":[88],"then":[89],"two-level":[92],"attention":[93],"algorithm,":[94],"selective":[98],"search":[99],"method":[100],"automatically":[102],"component":[105],"from":[107],"synthesized":[109],"image,":[111],"so":[112],"as":[113],"labeling":[121],"certain":[124],"extent.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}