{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3163167210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3450268.3453533","title":"Sentinel","display_name":"Sentinel","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3163167210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3450268.3453533","mag":"3163167210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3450268.3453533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3450268.3453533","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3450268.3453533","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet-of-Things Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3450268.3453533","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113915450","display_name":"Adrien Cosson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrien Cosson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068779995","display_name":"Amit Kumar Sikder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0207-7154"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amit Kumar Sikder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida International University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085312553","display_name":"Leonardo Babun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7082-8423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo Babun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida International University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Z. Berkay Celik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Berkay Celik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055368149","display_name":"Patrick McDaniel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2091-7484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick McDaniel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019145852","display_name":"A. Selcuk Uluagac","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9823-3464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Selcuk Uluagac","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida International University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"53","last_page":"66"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8107068538665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.583565890789032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.49133506417274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.44714459776878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.42306458950042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4044190049171448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3522498607635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1437300145626068}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8107068538665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.583565890789032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.49133506417274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.44714459776878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.42306458950042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4044190049171448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3522498607635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1437300145626068}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3450268.3453533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3450268.3453533","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3450268.3453533","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet-of-Things Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3450268.3453533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3450268.3453533","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3450268.3453533","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet-of-Things Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G782259465","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1453647,1663051,1705135","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3163167210.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3163167210.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W191098608","https://openalex.org/W433644524","https://openalex.org/W1489146973","https://openalex.org/W1544279955","https://openalex.org/W1641762327","https://openalex.org/W1904483788","https://openalex.org/W1964661113","https://openalex.org/W1976262362","https://openalex.org/W1987264479","https://openalex.org/W2007857904","https://openalex.org/W2026609766","https://openalex.org/W2109148997","https://openalex.org/W2110143557","https://openalex.org/W2136032111","https://openalex.org/W2161630727","https://openalex.org/W2292021756","https://openalex.org/W2294937515","https://openalex.org/W2350778671","https://openalex.org/W2518048193","https://openalex.org/W2520311392","https://openalex.org/W2736183220","https://openalex.org/W2748868501","https://openalex.org/W2752929869","https://openalex.org/W2788455797","https://openalex.org/W2792215875","https://openalex.org/W2806697149","https://openalex.org/W2884256006","https://openalex.org/W2886320151","https://openalex.org/W2892556724","https://openalex.org/W2902215642","https://openalex.org/W2909535983","https://openalex.org/W2955014922","https://openalex.org/W2963748489","https://openalex.org/W2972103753","https://openalex.org/W2980979550","https://openalex.org/W2990216812","https://openalex.org/W3044372812","https://openalex.org/W3045912491","https://openalex.org/W3087836803","https://openalex.org/W3099385544","https://openalex.org/W3103349363","https://openalex.org/W3107397983","https://openalex.org/W3112111251","https://openalex.org/W3131624404","https://openalex.org/W3136767761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W2625093826","https://openalex.org/W4200598720","https://openalex.org/W2921026492","https://openalex.org/W4247463117","https://openalex.org/W4361251261","https://openalex.org/W3031181660","https://openalex.org/W4238100021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"concept":[1],"of":[2,4,92,100,146,157,173,189,194],"Internet":[3],"Things":[5],"(IoT)":[6],"has":[7,77],"changed":[8],"the":[9,28,70,89,98,101,155,169,187,218],"way":[10],"we":[11,115],"live":[12],"by":[13],"integrating":[14],"commodity":[15],"devices":[16,26,43,61,74,84,94,181,208,219],"with":[17,34,62,179,211],"cyberspace":[18,76],"to":[19,50,58,88,127,160,206],"automate":[20],"our":[21],"everyday":[22],"tasks.":[23],"Nowadays,":[24],"IoT":[25,42,60,83,93,102,148,177,207,222,239],"in":[27,150,175,220,231,237],"home":[29],"environment":[30],"are":[31],"becoming":[32],"ubiquitous":[33],"seamless":[35],"connectivity":[36,48],"and":[37,54,66,75,85,153,164,171,182,209,216,224],"diverse":[38],"application":[39],"domains.":[40],"Modern":[41],"have":[44],"adopted":[45],"a":[46,118,151],"many-to-many":[47],"model":[49],"enhance":[51],"user":[52],"experience":[53],"device":[55,64,149,158],"functionalities":[56],"compared":[57],"early":[59],"standalone":[63],"setup":[65],"limited":[67],"functionalities.":[68],"However,":[69],"continuous":[71],"connection":[72],"between":[73,162],"introduced":[78],"new":[79],"cyber":[80],"attacks":[81,205],"targeting":[82],"networks.":[86],"Due":[87],"resource-constrained":[90],"nature":[91],"as":[95,97],"well":[96],"opacity":[99],"framework,":[103],"traditional":[104],"intrusion":[105,120],"detection":[106,121],"systems":[107],"cannot":[108],"be":[109],"applied":[110],"here.":[111],"In":[112],"this":[113],"paper,":[114],"introduce":[116],"Sentinel,":[117],"novel":[119],"system":[122,135],"that":[123,200],"uses":[124],"kernel-level":[125],"information":[126,136],"detect":[128,203],"malicious":[129,165],"attacks.":[130,196],"Specifically,":[131],"Sentinel":[132,174,190,201,227],"collects":[133],"low-level":[134],"(CPU":[137],"usage,":[138,140],"RAM":[139],"total":[141],"load,":[142],"available":[143],"swap,":[144],"etc.)":[145],"each":[147],"network":[152],"learns":[154],"pattern":[156],"behavior":[159],"differentiate":[161],"benign":[163],"events.":[166],"We":[167,184],"evaluated":[168],"efficacy":[170],"performance":[172,188],"different":[176,204,221],"platforms":[178,223],"multiple":[180],"settings.":[183],"also":[185],"measured":[186],"against":[191],"five":[192],"types":[193],"real-life":[195],"Our":[197],"evaluation":[198],"shows":[199],"can":[202],"networks":[210],"high":[212,235],"accuracy":[213],"(over":[214],"95%)":[215],"secure":[217],"configurations.":[225],"Also,":[226],"achieves":[228],"minimum":[229],"overhead":[230],"power":[232],"consumption,":[233],"ensuring":[234],"compatibility":[236],"resource-constraint":[238],"devices.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2021-05-24T00:00:00"}