{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3176106907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459558","title":"Selecting miners within blockchain-based systems using evolutionary algorithms for energy optimisation","display_name":"Selecting miners within blockchain-based systems using evolutionary algorithms for energy optimisation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3176106907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459558","mag":"3176106907"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3449726.3459558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608771","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.11916","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Akram Alofi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akram Alofi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom and Umm Al-Qura University, Jamoum, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom and Umm Al-Qura University, Jamoum, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650","https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mahmoud A. Bokhari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23075662","display_name":"Taibah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xv1nn60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23075662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"The University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud A. Bokhari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia and The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia and The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23075662","https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Robert Hendley","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Hendley","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rami Bahsoon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rami Bahsoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77060465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"291","last_page":"292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9584000110626221,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9584000110626221,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14347","display_name":"Big Data and Digital Economy","score":0.00860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.7016000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6065999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.6015999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5257999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.4271000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumption","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","score":0.3862000107765198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.7016000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6065999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.603600025177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6015999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5257999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4271000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105902424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1197129","display_name":"Evolutionary computation","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.25609999895095825}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3449726.3459558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608771","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2106.11916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2106.11916","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.11916","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/b8051981-c5a1-4049-a4c5-35bb6651f6f3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/b8051981-c5a1-4049-a4c5-35bb6651f6f3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Alofi, A, Bokhari, M, Bahsoon, R & Hendley, R 2021, Selecting miners within blockchain-based systems using evolutionary algorithms for energy optimisation. in F Chicano (ed.), GECCO '21 : Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion. GECCO: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), New York, pp. 291-292, 2021 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO 2021, Virtual, Online, France, 10/07/21. https://doi.org/10.1145/3449726.3459558","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2106.11916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2106.11916","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.11916","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1857789879","https://openalex.org/W2536325433","https://openalex.org/W2799953961","https://openalex.org/W2884358933","https://openalex.org/W2901598045","https://openalex.org/W2905471588","https://openalex.org/W2926987861","https://openalex.org/W2946739295","https://openalex.org/W2968475864","https://openalex.org/W2984839651","https://openalex.org/W3016687266","https://openalex.org/W6833780757"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"represent":[4],"the":[5,21],"problem":[6,22,31],"of":[7,23],"selecting":[8],"miners":[9],"within":[10],"a":[11,15],"blockchain-based":[12],"system":[13],"as":[14,28],"subset":[16],"selection":[17],"problem.":[18],"We":[19],"formulate":[20],"minimising":[24],"blockchain":[25],"energy":[26,36],"consumption":[27,37],"an":[29],"optimisation":[30],"with":[32],"two":[33],"conflicting":[34],"objectives:":[35],"and":[38],"trust.":[39],"The":[40],"proposed":[41],"model":[42],"is":[43],"compared":[44],"across":[45],"different":[46],"algorithms":[47],"to":[48],"demonstrate":[49],"its":[50],"performance.":[51]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2021-07-05T00:00:00"}
